Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to maintaining a network connection while moving from location to location as between different technologies such as from the 2G/3G to the 5G standard, and vice versa. A mobility management entity (MME), e.g., on a 4G platform, controls the transfers of sessions from the 4G platform to the 2G/3G platform when the and/or from the 4G platform to the 5G platform. The MME classifies different sessions on the UE as anchored in GGSN, PGW or SMF. When needed, the MME is then able to transfer the sessions that are transferrable and to terminate the ones that cannot be transferred. By terminating the ones that cannot be transferred, the device can begin reestablishing the connection without waiting, e.g., without waiting for the timeout failure to occur.

Abstract: A method for signal evaluation, e.g. with pulse wheels, is described, in which the distance between predeterminable signal edges is determined in a microcontroller that has a CPU, timer, and memory, in that upon the occurrence of signal edges, an interrupt is triggered with which the existing timer values are stored. Based on the difference between predeterminable timer values, time intervals are determined which are inversely proportional to the velocity or speed. So that it is possible to use timers with a relatively low bit count, for example 16 bits, the numerical values obtained when there is a timer overflow are also determined and are taken into account in the determination of the distances. If drum stores are used, only four bits per drum store value are required, one check bit and three bits as an overflow counter.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for sterilizing a medical unit having at least two connections for a fluid flow pathway where a sterilizing medium flows through the medical unit.Medical units of this type are e.g. medical filters, in particular dialyzers. A high degree of sterility is here required. This is accomplished through the steps of:(a) inserting the medical unit into a system under pressure-tight coupling of the at least two connections to a feed conduit and discharge conduit of the system under atmospheric conditions;(b) passing the sterilizing medium from the system through the medical unit for a given period of time;(c) closing the at least two connections in the coupled state and in a germproof manner, without the same being opened, on completion of the sterilization operation; and(d) removing said medical unit from said system as a sterile medical unit with closed connections.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out a method for sterilizing a medical unit comprising at least two connections for a fluid flow pathway where a sterilizing medium flows through the unit.Medical units of this type are e.g. medical filters, in particular dialyzers. A high degree of sterility is here required. This is accomplished through the steps of:(a) inserting the unit into a system under pressure-tight coupling of the two connections to a feed conduit and discharge conduit of the system under atmospheric conditions;(b) passing the sterilizing medium from the system through the unit for a give period;(c) closing the two connections in the coupled state and in a germproof manner, without the same being opened, on completion of the sterilization operation; and(d) removing said unit from said system as a sterile unit with closed connections.All steps, including the removal of the unit, are therefore carried out in a system where the sterility obtained is constantly maintained.