Patents by Inventor Michael S. Feld
Michael S. Feld has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 9103793Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for the measurement of analytes such as glucose. Raman and reflectance spectroscopy are used to measure a volume, of material such as a blood sample or tissue within a subject and determine a concentration of a blood analyte based thereon. The present invention further relates to a calibration method, constrained regularization (CR), and demonstrates its use for analyzing spectra including, for example, the measurement glucose concentrations using transcutaneous Raman spectroscopy.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 2006Date of Patent: August 11, 2015Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Kate Bechtel, Wei-Chuan Shih, Michael S. Feld
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Patent number: 8848199Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for quantitative three-dimensional mapping of refractive index in living or non-living cells, tissues, or organisms using a phase-shifting laser interferometric microscope with variable illumination angle. A preferred embodiment provides tomographic imaging of cells and multicellular organisms, and time-dependent changes in cell structure and the quantitative characterization of specimen-induced aberrations in high-resolution microscopy with multiple applications in tissue light scattering.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 2008Date of Patent: September 30, 2014Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Wonshik Choi, Ramachandra Rao Dasari, Christopher M. Fang-Yen, Michael S. Feld
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Patent number: 8380268Abstract: The present invention utilizes a plurality of spectroscopic systems and methods to measure characteristics of tissue useful in the diagnosis of disease. In a preferred embodiment, a combination of fluorescence, reflectance and light scattered spectra can be measured and processed to provide biochemical, architectural and morphological state of tissue. The methods and systems can be used particularly in the early detection of carcinoma within tissue in vivo and in vitro.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 2005Date of Patent: February 19, 2013Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Irene Georgakoudi, Michael S. Feld, Qingguo Zhang, Markus G. Mueller
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Publication number: 20100094135Abstract: Preferred embodiments of the present invention are directed to systems for phase measurement which address the problem of phase noise using combinations of a number of strategies including, but not limited to, common-path interferometry, phase referencing, active stabilization and differential measurement. Embodiment are directed to optical devices for imaging small biological objects with light. These embodiments can be applied to the fields of, for example, cellular physiology and neuroscience. These preferred embodiments are based on principles of phase measurements and imaging technologies. The scientific motivation for using phase measurements and imaging technologies is derived from, for example, cellular biology at the sub-micron level which can include, without limitation, imaging origins of dysplasia, cellular communication, neuronal transmission and implementation of the genetic code.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 30, 2009Publication date: April 15, 2010Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYInventors: Christopher M. Fang-Yen, Gabriel Popescu, Changhuei Yang, Adam Wax, Ramachandra R. Dasari, Michael S. Feld
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Patent number: 7647092Abstract: The system and method of the present invention relates to using spectroscopy, for example, Raman spectroscopic methods for diagnosis of tissue conditions such as vascular disease or cancer. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a system for measuring tissue includes a fiber optic probe having a proximal end, a distal end, and a diameter of 2 mm or less. This small diameter allows the system to be used for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease or other small lumens or soft tissue with minimal trauma. A delivery optical fiber is included in the probe coupled at the proximal end to a light source. A filter for the delivery fibers is included at the distal end. The system includes a collection optical fiber (or fibers) in the probe that collects Raman scattered radiation from tissue, the collection optical fiber is coupled at the proximal end to a detector. A second filter is disposed at the distal end of the collection fibers.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 2002Date of Patent: January 12, 2010Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Jason T. Motz, Luis H. Galindo, Martin Hunter, Ramachandra Dasari, Michael S. Feld
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Patent number: 7557929Abstract: Preferred embodiments of the present invention are directed to systems for phase measurement which address the problem of phase noise using combinations of a number of strategies including, but not limited to, common-path interferometry, phase referencing, active stabilization and differential measurement. Embodiment are directed to optical devices for imaging small biological objects with light. These embodiments can be applied to the fields of, for example, cellular physiology and neuroscience. These preferred embodiments are based on principles of phase measurements and imaging technologies. The scientific motivation for using phase measurements and imaging technologies is derived from, for example, cellular biology at the sub-micron level which can include, without limitation, imaging origins of dysplasia, cellular communication, neuronal transmission and implementation of the genetic code.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 2004Date of Patent: July 7, 2009Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Christopher M. Fang-Yen, Gabriel Popescu, Changhuei Yang, Adam Wax, Ramachandra R. Dasari, Michael S. Feld
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Publication number: 20090125242Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for quantitative three-dimensional mapping of refractive index in living or non-living cells, tissues, or organisms using a phase-shifting laser interferometric microscope with variable illumination angle. A preferred embodiment provides tomographic imaging of cells and multicellular organisms, and time-dependent changes in cell structure and the quantitative characterization of specimen-induced aberrations in high-resolution microscopy with multiple applications in tissue light scattering.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 10, 2008Publication date: May 14, 2009Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYInventors: Wonshik Choi, Ramachandra Rao Dasari, Christopher M. Fang-Yen, Michael S. Feld
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Patent number: 7365858Abstract: Preferred embodiments of the present invention are directed to systems for phase measurement which address the problem of phase noise using combinations of a number of strategies including, but not limited to, common-path interferometry, phase referencing, active stabilization and differential measurement. Embodiment are directed to optical devices for imaging small biological objects with light. These embodiments can be applied to the fields of, for example, cellular physiology and neuroscience. These preferred embodiments are based on principles of phase measurements and imaging technologies. The scientific motivation for using phase measurements and imaging technologies is derived from, for example, cellular biology at the sub-micron level which can include, without limitation, imaging origins of dysplasia, cellular communication, neuronal transmission and implementation of the genetic code.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 2004Date of Patent: April 29, 2008Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Christopher M. Fang-Yen, Gabriel Popescu, Changhuei Yang, Adam Wax, Ramachandra R. Dasari, Michael S. Feld
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Patent number: 7235045Abstract: An endoscope having an optical guide that is optically coupled to a first broadband light source and a second laser light source that emits light at a wavelength in a range of 350 nm to 420 nm. The endoscope has an image sensor at a distal end and collects a reflectance image including red, green and blue components with the image sensor in response to illumination by said broadband light source. The image sensor also collects an autofluorescence image having a blue component, a green component and a red component. A processor processes the fluorescence image by determining a ratio of the fluorescence image and the reflectance image to provide a processed fluorescence image.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 2003Date of Patent: June 26, 2007Assignees: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, The Brigham and Women's Hospital, Inc.Inventors: Thomas D. Wang, Michael S. Feld, Yang Wang, Jacques Van Dam, Stephen F. Fulghum
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Patent number: 6934035Abstract: The methods of the present invention are directed at an accurate phase-based technique for measuring arbitrarily long optical distances with sub-nanometer precision. A preferred embodiment of the present invention method employs a interferometer, for example, a Michelson interferometer, with a pair of harmonically related light sources, one continuous wave (CW) and a second source having low coherence. By slightly adjusting the center wavelength of the low coherence source between scans of the target sample, the phase relationship between the heterodyne signals of the CW and low coherence light is used to measure the separation between reflecting interfaces with sub-nanometer precision. As the preferred embodiment of this method is completely free of 2? ambiguity, an issue that plagues most phase-based techniques, it can be used to measure arbitrarily long optical distances without loss of precision.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 2001Date of Patent: August 23, 2005Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Changhuei Yang, Adam Wax, Ramachandra R. Dasari, Michael S. Feld
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Patent number: 6922583Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for measuring one or more physical characteristics of material such as tissue using optical radiation. The system can use light that is scattered by a tissue layer to determine, for example, the size of nuclei in the tissue layer to aid in the characterization of the tissue. These methods can include the use of fiber optic devices to deliver and collect light from a tissue region of interest to diagnose, for example, whether the tissue is normal or precancerous.Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 2000Date of Patent: July 26, 2005Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Lev T. Perelman, Vadim Backman, Michael S. Feld, George Zonios, Irving Itzkan, Ramasamy Manoharan
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Patent number: 6912412Abstract: The present invention utilizes a plurality of spectroscopic systems and methods to measure characteristics of tissue useful in the diagnosis of disease. In a preferred embodiment, a combination of fluorescence, reflectance and light scattered spectra can be measured and processed to provide biochemical, architectural and morphological state of tissue. The methods and systems can be used particularly in the early detection of carcinoma within tissue in vivo and in vitro.Type: GrantFiled: January 18, 2002Date of Patent: June 28, 2005Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Irene Georgakoudi, Michael S. Feld, Qingguo Zhang, Markus G. Mueller
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Patent number: 6847456Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods of field-based light scattering spectroscopy. These systems and methods provide for the diagnosis of tissue by measuring the size and distribution of cellular characteristics. Field based measurements provide phase information resulting from the interaction of scatterers within the material and the incident wavefront. These measurements can be used to provide three dimensional images of tissue.Type: GrantFiled: April 27, 2001Date of Patent: January 25, 2005Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Changhuei Yang, Adam P. Wax, Lev T. Perelman, Ramachandra R. Dasari, Michael S. Feld
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Publication number: 20040186383Abstract: Systems and methods for spectroscopic diagnosis and treatment are employed which utilize molecular spectroscopy to accurately diagnose the condition of tissue. Infrared Raman spectroscopy and infrared attenuated total reflectance measurements are performed utilizing a laser radiation source and a fourier transform spectrometer. Information acquired and analyzed in accordance with the invention provides accurate details of biochemical composition and pathologic condition.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 27, 2004Publication date: September 23, 2004Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Richard P. Rava, Joseph J. Baraga, Michael S. Feld
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Publication number: 20040073120Abstract: The system and method of the present invention relates to using spectroscopy, for example, Raman spectroscopic methods for diagnosis of tissue conditions such as vascular disease or cancer. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a system for measuring tissue includes a fiber optic probe having a proximal end, a distal end, and a diameter of 2 mm or less. This small diameter allows the system to be used for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease or other small lumens or soft tissue with minimal trauma. A delivery optical fiber is included in the probe coupled at the proximal end to a light source. A filter for the delivery fibers is included at the distal end. The system includes a collection optical fiber (or fibers) in the probe that collects Raman scattered radiation from tissue, the collection optical fiber is coupled at the proximal end to a detector. A second filter is disposed at the distal end of the collection fibers.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 4, 2003Publication date: April 15, 2004Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Jason T. Motz, Luis H. Galindo, Martin Hunter, Abigail S. Haka, Saumil Gandhi, Ramachandra Dasari, Michael S. Feld
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Patent number: 6697665Abstract: Systems and methods for spectroscopic diagnosis and treatment are employed which utilize molecular spectroscopy to accurately diagnose the condition of tissue. Infrared Raman spectrscopy and infrared attenuated total reflectance measurements are performed utilizing a laser radiation source and a fourier transform spectrometer. Information acquired and analyzed in accordance with the invention provides accurate details of biochemical composition and pathologic condition.Type: GrantFiled: August 11, 1994Date of Patent: February 24, 2004Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Richard P. Rava, Joseph J. Baraga, Michael S. Feld
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Patent number: 6697652Abstract: Preferred embodiments of the present invention utilize a plurality of spectroscopic techniques to measure characteristics of tissue useful in the diagnosis of disease. Fluorescence, reflectance and light scattered spectra can be measured and processed to determine the size, distribution and/or composition of tissue. The methods and systems can be used particularly in the early detection of carcinoma within tissue in vivo and in vitro.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 2001Date of Patent: February 24, 2004Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Irene Georgakoudi, Vadim Backman, Michael S. Feld
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Patent number: 6690966Abstract: Systems and methods for spectroscopic diagnosis and treatment are employed which utilize molecular spectroscopy to accurately diagnose the condition of tissue. Infrared Raman spectroscopy and infrared attenuated total reflectance measurements are performed utilizing a laser radiation source and a fourier transform spectrometer. Information acquired and analyzed in accordance with the invention provides accurate details of biochemical composition and pathologic condition.Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 1993Date of Patent: February 10, 2004Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Richard P. Rava, Joseph J. Baraga, Michael S. Feld
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Publication number: 20030191368Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorescence endoscope imaging system. The system uses first and second light sources to provide fluorescence and reflectance images of tissue being examined. An imaging device mounted at the distal end of the device is used to collect both images.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 20, 2003Publication date: October 9, 2003Applicants: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, The Brigham and Women's Hospital, Inc.Inventors: Thomas D. Wang, Michael S. Feld, Yang Wang, Jacques Van Dam, Stephen F. Fulghum
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Publication number: 20030191398Abstract: The system and method of the present invention relates to using spectroscopy, for example, Raman spectroscopic methods for diagnosis of tissue conditions such as vascular disease or cancer. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a system for measuring tissue includes a fiber optic probe having a proximal end, a distal end, and a diameter of 2 mm or less. This small diameter allows the system to be used for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease or other small lumens or soft tissue with minimal trauma. A delivery optical fiber is included in the probe coupled at the proximal end to a light source. A filter for the delivery fibers is included at the distal end. The system includes a collection optical fiber (or fibers) in the probe that collects Raman scattered radiation from tissue, the collection optical fiber is coupled at the proximal end to a detector. A second filter is disposed at the distal end of the collection fibers.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 21, 2002Publication date: October 9, 2003Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Jason T. Motz, Luis H. Galindo, Martin Hunter, Ramachandra Dasari, Michael S. Feld