Abstract: A method of operating an optical isolator having first and second optical splitter-combiners disposed within a semiconductor die. The optical splitter-combiners are coupled together into an interferometer configuration by first and second waveguide sections also disposed in the semiconductor die. A non-reciprocal optical phase shift element is disposed within the semiconductor die.

Abstract: An integratable optical isolator includes a polarizer, a non-reciprocal rotator, and a reciprocal rotator. The polarizer includes first and second ports. The polarizer is configured to receive a forward propagating wave at the first port and to output a polarized forward propagating wave having a first plane of polarization at the second port. The non-reciprocal rotator is coupled to receive the polarized forward propagating wave from the second port of the polarizer. The non-reciprocal rotator rotates the polarized forward propagating wave from the first plane of polarization to a second plane of polarization. The reciprocal rotator is coupled to the non-reciprocal rotator to receive the polarized forward propagating wave. The reciprocal rotator rotates the polarized forward propagating wave from the second plane of polarization back to the first plane of polarization.

Abstract: An optical isolator includes first and second optical splitter-combiners disposed within a semiconductor die. The optical splitter-combiners are coupled together into an interferometer configuration by first and second waveguide sections also disposed in the semiconductor die. A non-reciprocal optical phase shift element is disposed within the semiconductor die and includes the first waveguide section passing through the non-reciprocal optical phase shift element. The optical isolator is configured such that forward propagating waves are constructively recombined by the second optical splitter-combiner while reverse propagating wave are destructively recombined by the first optical splitter-combiner.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a polarization rotator. The polarization rotator may be integrated with a waveguide on a substrate, and may include a ferromagnetic semiconductor layer on the substrate, a first doped layer on the ferromagnetic semiconductor layer, and a second doped layer on the first doped layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for modulating an optical beam by modulating a photonic band gap of a photonic crystal lattice. In one embodiment, an apparatus according to embodiments of the present invention includes a photonic crystal lattice in first semiconductor material. The first semiconductor material has a plurality of holes defined in the first semiconductor material. The plurality of holes are periodically arranged in the first semiconductor material with a hole pitch and a hole radius that define the photonic crystal lattice. The apparatus also includes second semiconductor material regions disposed proximate to and insulated from respective inside surfaces of the plurality of holes defined in the first semiconductor material and charge modulated regions, which are to be modulated in the second semiconductor material regions. An optical beam is to be directed through the photonic crystal lattice and is to be modulated in response to a modulated effective photonic band gap of the photonic crystal lattice.

Abstract: A method of forming an optical device, including forming a patterned photoresist layer over a crystalline silicon layer and implanting silicon into the crystalline silicon layer to form a selectively-amorphized silicon layer, is disclosed.

Abstract: A method to form a taper in a semiconductor layer. In one embodiment, the semiconductor layer is formed on a cladding layer. A mask layer is formed on the semiconductor layer. The mask layer is patterned and etched to form at least an angled region and a thick region. An ion implantation process is performed so that the portion under the angled region is implanted to have an interface or surface that is angled relative to the surface of the cladding layer. This angled surface forms part of the vertical taper. The implanted region does not contact the cladding layer, leaving an unimplanted portion to serve as a waveguide. The portion under the thick region is not implanted, forming a coupling end of the taper.

Abstract: An instrument and method for establishing those relationships and modifications required for making and properly fitting a removable partial denture suitable for dual paths of insertion and removal. The instrument includes a platform having a surface for supporting a dental model and, alongside that surface, at least one guide track. An upstanding base is supported upon the track for movement therealong and is equipped with an extendable and rotatable head. The head carries a pivot shaft that is parallel with the plane of the support surface and that may be adjusted longitudinally along, and rotated about, its longitudinal axis. In use, such axis is aligned with that point on an abutment tooth of the model that is to serve as the intended point of rotation for insertion and removal of a partial denture. A transverse bar is carried by the shaft and is equipped at its end with a blade parallel with the axis of the shaft.