Abstract: In a method for operating an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle having an automatic transmission, a torque generated by the internal combustion engine is reduced as a function of an operating state of a drive train of the motor vehicle. As a function of an excess of combustion air occurring when the torque is reduced and supplied to the internal combustion engine by an exhaust gas turbocharger, fuel combustion efficiency in at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, which is related to the torque generated by the combustion chamber, is reduced. The combustion efficiency is reduced by at least one late post-injection of fuel into the at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: In a method for operating an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle having an automatic transmission, a torque generated by the internal combustion engine is reduced as a function of an operating state of a drive train of the motor vehicle. As a function of an excess of combustion air occurring when the torque is reduced and supplied to the internal combustion engine by an exhaust gas turbocharger, fuel combustion efficiency in at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, which is related to the torque generated by the combustion chamber, is reduced. The combustion efficiency is reduced by at least one late post-injection of fuel into the at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The present invention provides a convenient assay to identify compounds with B-Raf inhibitory activity, referred to as the BRAMA (B-Raf Accelerated MEK ATPase) assay. The BRAMA assay is based on the discovery of ATPase activity of MEK, and utilizes changes in NADH concentration over time as an indicator of the production of ADP by activated MEK ATPase, where the MEK ATPase activity is activated by B-Raf. NADH concentration may conveniently be measured by Optical Density.