Abstract: An improved process and catalyst composition for cracking hydrocarbons in a fluidized cracking process are disclosed. The process employs circulating inventory of a regenerated cracking having a minimal carbon content. The regenerated catalyst comprises a catalyst/additive composition which contains a pentasil zeolite, iron oxide, and a phosphorous compound. In accordance with the present disclosure, the catalyst/additive contains controlled amounts of iron oxide which is maintained in an oxidized state by maintaining low amounts of carbon on the regenerated catalyst inventory. In this manner it was discovered that the catalyst composition greatly enhances the production and selectivity of light hydrocarbons, such as propylene.

Abstract: A process for preparing a peptized alumina having increased solids and acid contents and a decreased water content. The process comprising mixing a boehmite or pseudoboehmite alumina and acid with a high intensity, high energy mixer at a ratio of 0.16 to 0.65 moles acid/moles alumina for a time period sufficient to form a substantially free-flowing solid particulate having a solids content of 45 to 65 wt %. When used in catalyst manufacture, peptized alumina produced by the process provides an increased rate in catalyst production and decreased costs due to high solids concentration and the presence of less water to be evaporated.

Abstract: A process for preparing a peptized alumina having increased solids and acid contents and a decreased water content. The process comprising mixing a boehmite or pseudoboehmite alumina and acid with a high intensity, high energy mixer at a ratio of 0.16 to 0.65 moles acid/moles alumina for a time period sufficient to form a substantially free-flowing solid particulate having a solids content of 45 to 65 wt %. When used in catalyst manufacture, peptized alumina produced by the process provides an increased rate in catalyst production and decreased costs due to high solids concentration and the presence of less water to be evaporated.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of NOx generated during a catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition, preferably containing a Y-type zeolite, and a particulate NOx reduction composition containing ferrierite zeolite particles. Preferably, the NOx reduction composition contains ferrierite zeolite particles bound with an inorganic binder. In the alternative, the ferrierite zeolite particles are incorporated into the cracking catalyst as an integral component of the catalyst. NOx reduction compositions in accordance with the invention are very effective for the reduction of NOx emissions released from the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking unit operating under FCC process conditions without a substantial change in conversion or yield of cracked products. Processes for the use of the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprising at least about 10% by weight pentasil, at least about 12% by weight Y-type zeolite at a pentasil to Y zeolite ratio of at least 0.25, and wherein the pentasil and Y zeolite comprise at least about thirty-five percent of the catalyst have been shown to optimize light olefin yields and LPG from FCC processes. Embodiments having matrix surface areas greater than 25 m2/g, phosphorous and rare earth are preferred. The compositions of this invention are particularly useful in typical fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to certain catalyst compositions and processes that are capable of reducing sulfur compounds normally found as part of the gasoline fraction streams of fluid catalytic cracking processes. The present invention is a cracking catalyst composition comprising a zeolite in combination with a Lewis Acid containing component, wherein the cracking catalyst composition comprises 0.2% Na2O or less. It has been found that sulfur compounds in hydrocarbon feeds to fluid catalytic cracking processes can be reduced by at least 15% compared to the same composition, which does not comprise the aforementioned Lewis Acid containing component.

Abstract: A NOx reduction composition and process of using the composition to reduce the content of NOx emissions and gas phase reduced nitrogen species released from the regeneration zone during fluid catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock into lower molecular weight components is disclosed. The process comprises contacting a hydrocarbon feedstock during a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process wherein a regeneration zone of an fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) is operated in a partial or incomplete combustion mode under FCC conditions, with a circulating inventory of an FCC cracking catalyst and a particulate NOx reduction composition. The NOx reduction composition has a mean particle size of greater than 45 ?m and comprises (1) a zeolite component having (i) a pore size of form 2-7 A Angstroms and (ii) a SiO2 to Al2O3 molar ratio of less than 500, and (2) at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, osmium, ruthenium, rhenium and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of NOx generated during a catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition, preferably containing a Y-type zeolite, and a NOx reducing zeolite having a pore size ranging from about 2 to about 7.2 Angstroms and a SiO2 to Al2O3 molar ratio of less than about 500 and being stabilized with a metal or metal ion selected from the group consisting of zinc, iron and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the NOx reducing zeolite particles are bound with an inorganic binder to form a particulate composition. In the alternative, the NOx reducing zeolite particles are incorporated into the cracking catalyst as an integral component of the catalyst.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of NOx generated during a catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition, preferably containing a Y-type zeolite, and a particulate NOx reduction composition containing ferrierite zeolite particles. Preferably, the NOx reduction composition contains ferrierite zeolite particles bound with an inorganic binder. In the alternative, the ferrierite zeolite particles are incorporated into the cracking catalyst as an integral component of the catalyst. NOx reduction compositions in accordance with the invention are very effective for the reduction of NOx emissions released from the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking unit operating under FCC process conditions without a substantial change in conversion or yield of cracked products. Processes for the use of the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of NOx generated during a catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition, preferably containing a Y-type zeolite, and a particulate NOx composition containing particles of a zeolite having a pore size ranging from about 3 to about 7.2 Angstroms and a SiO2 to Al2O3 molar ratio of less than about 500. Preferably, the NOx reduction composition contains NOx reduction zeolite particles bound with an inorganic binder. In the alternative, the NOx reduction zeolite particles are incorporated into the cracking catalyst as an integral component of the catalyst. Compositions in accordance with the invention are very effective for the reduction of NOx emissions released from the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking unit operating under FCC process conditions without a substantial change in conversion or yield of cracked products.

Abstract: The catalyst of this invention is capable of enhancing light olefin, e.g., propylene, yields in fluidizable catalytic cracking (FCC) processes. The catalyst comprises (a) pentasil zeolite, (b) at least 5% by weight phosphorus (P2O5) based on particles containing the pentasil, and at least about 1% by weight iron oxide, as measured by Fe2O3, outside of the pentasil zeolite's framework. The catalyst is fluidizable and has an average particle size in the range of about 20 to about 200 microns. The catalyst composition can further comprise additional zeolite suitable for cracking hydrocarbons in a FCC process. The catalyst has been shown to be highly active compared to other catalysts and shows a high selectivity for propylene produced in an FCC process.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of NOx generated during a catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition, preferably containing a Y-type zeolite, and a particulate NOx composition containing particles of a zeolite having a pore size ranging from about 3 to about 7.2 Angstroms and a SiO2 to Al2O3 molar ratio of less than about 500. Preferably, the NOx reduction composition contains NOx reduction zeolite particles bound with an inorganic binder. In the alternative, the NOx reduction zeolite particles are incorporated into the cracking catalyst as an integral component of the catalyst. Compositions in accordance with the invention are very effective for the reduction of NOx emissions released from the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking unit operating under FCC process conditions without a substantial change in conversion or yield of cracked products.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of NOx generated during a catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition, preferably containing a Y-type zeolite, and a NOx reducing zeolite having a pore size ranging from about 2 to about 7.2 Angstroms and a SiO2 to Al2O3 molar ratio of less than about 500 and being stabilized with a metal or metal ion selected from the group consisting of zinc, iron and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the NOx reducing zeolite particles are bound with an inorganic binder to form a particulate composition. In the alternative, the NOx reducing zeolite particles are incorporated into the cracking catalyst as an integral component of the catalyst.

Abstract: A NOx reduction composition and process of using the composition to reduce the content of NOx emissions and gas phase reduced nitrogen species released from the regeneration zone during fluid catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock into lower molecular weight components is disclosed. The process comprises contacting a hydrocarbon feedstock during a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process wherein a regeneration zone of an fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) is operated in a partial or incomplete combustion mode under FCC conditions, with a circulating inventory of an FCC cracking catalyst and a particulate NOx reduction composition. The NOx reduction composition has a mean particle size of greater than 45 ?m and comprises (1) a zeolite component having (i) a pore size of form 2-7 A Angstroms and (ii) a SiO2 to Al2O3 molar ratio of less than 500, and (2) at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, osmium, ruthenium, rhenium and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of NOx generated during a catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition, preferably containing a Y-type zeolite, and a particulate NOx composition containing particles of a zeolite having a pore size ranging from about 3 to about 7.2 Angstoms and a SiO2 to Al2O3 molar ratio of less than about 500. Preferably, the NOx reduction composition contains NOx reduction zeolite particles bound with an inorganic binder. In the alternative, the NOx reduction zeolite particles are incorporated into the cracking catalyst as an integral component of the catalyst. Compositions in accordance with the invention are very effective for the reduction of NOx emissions released from the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking unit operating under FCC process conditions without a substantial change in conversion or yield of cracked products, e.g., gasoline and light olefins.

Abstract: The sulfur content of liquid cracking products, especially the cracked gasoline, of the catalytic cracking process is reduced by the use of a sulfur reduction additive comprising a non-molecular sieve support containing a high content of vanadium. Preferably, the support is alumina. The sulfur reduction catalyst is used in the form of a separate particle additive in combination with the active catalytic cracking catalyst (normally a faujasite such as zeolite Y) to process hydrocarbon feedstocks in the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit to produce low-sulfur gasoline and other liquid products.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to supported perovskites of the formula XYO.sub.3 where X is lanthanum, cerium or yttrium and Y is a transition metal such as copper, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt and nickel supported on a support such as alumina, silica, magnesium aluminate, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and mixtures thereof. In the case where X is lanthanum, some of the lanthanum ions may be replaced resulting in a perovskite of the formula La.sub.1-x A.sub.x YO.sub.3 wherein x is about 0.75 or less and A is silver or magnesium and Y is manganese or iron. Their use for low temperature oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particularly oxygen-containing VOCs. The support may be stabilized by having an intermediate metal oxide layer on the surface of the support wherein the metal of the intermediate metal oxide may be iron, magnesium, cobalt, nickel, manganese, zinc, titanium, copper, chromium, lanthanum, barium, calcium, strontium or silver. The catalysts contain platinum or palladium.