Abstract: Embodiments of the present application relate to language learning techniques. According to exemplary embodiments, a pronunciation dictionary and/or a verse dictionary may be provided. The pronunciation dictionary and/or verse dictionary may be used to train a student's pronunciation of words and phrases, particularly in cantillated languages. According to some embodiments, words appearing on a screen may be visually distinguished (e.g., highlighted) in a sequence of a text. The text may be made to change smoothly and continuously in a manner that allows the changes to be easily followed by a student with a disability. Further embodiments provide techniques for performing generalized forced alignment. For example, forced alignment may be performed based on a phonetic analysis, based on an analysis of pitch patterns, and/or may involve breaking a large audio file into smaller audio files on a verse-by-verse basis.

Abstract: Packets containing isochronous samples are received and, without first storing the packets in a jitter buffer, the samples are stored in a buffer at locations chosen based on the times of the samples.

Abstract: Packets containing isochronous samples are received and, without first storing the packets in a jitter buffer, the samples are stored in a buffer at locations chosen based on the times of the samples.

Abstract: A page of an image is divided into several regions. Each of these regions may be compressed according to a different technique according to the kind of data within the region. Compression is used to reduce the memory requirements. Data for each region is available at any time and can be randomly accessed. Display operations may be processed in any order. For each display operation, the region which is affected is uncompressed and processed. As other regions are processed, memory space is made available by compressing data in currently unused regions. By using this kind of representation of a page and method of processing display operations, each region can be represented independently and differently. Because display operations can be processed in any order, regions may be processed by multiple imaging systems functioning in parallel. Additionally, representations of regions on a page can be stored, transmitted, or used in different locations at different times.

Abstract: Fixed and variable content is merged to produce personalized documents using a raster image processor that, for each page to be printed, initializes a frame buffer according to fixed content specified for the page. The fixed content may be specified in initialization information that is placed at the beginning of the stream of variable content to be processed or could be specified in some other manner. Such information may be specified through user input to a printer driver that processes documents to be printed from arbitrary applications into page descriptions used by the raster image processor. The specified fixed content may be preprocessed and stored in memory accessible to the raster image processor. The variable content then may be added to the frame buffer without the need to specify a region in which it should be placed.

Abstract: A page description language is interpreted by an interpreter which outputs successive object definitions. Each object definition is conditionally added to a display list. Based on certain conditions, the display list is rendered and cleared at various times during the interpretation of the page description. If an object definition describes an image object, the display list is rendered and cleared and the image object is added to the display list. If any objects are clipped in the display list, a corresponding clip object definition output from the interpreter is also ensured to exist within the display list. The display list is also rendered and cleared if it becomes too big in size. Clipping state changes of output object definitions from the interpreter also cause the display list to be rendered and cleared. By conditionally rendering the display list during interpretation, memory, storage, speed and processing requirements are improved for page description processing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing multitone image data from data representative of an original image and, in particular, for producing multitone image data with a set of N output darkness levels U greater than 2 from original darkness values V.sub.o representative of an original image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing multitone image data from data representative of an original image and, in particular, for producing multitone image data with a set of N output darkness levels U greater than 2 from original darkness values V.sub.o representative of an original image.