Abstract: A power system comprises a power source, a transmission line coupled to the power source through a circuit breaker, a shunt reactor coupled to the transmission line, and a current transformer connected in series with the shunt reactor. A method for controlling the circuit breaker of the power system comprises processing an output signal of the current transformer to obtain the voltage on the transmission line by determining a time derivative of a current sensed by the current transformer. The method further comprises performing, by at least one control or protection device, a control or protection operation (e.g., auto-reclosing) based on the determined time derivative of the current sensed by the current transformer.

Abstract: A method for controlled switching of a circuit breaker is described. The method includes initiating operation of the circuit breaker at an initiation time derivable from an initiation time function by calculating a value of the initiation time function with respect to a command instant. The initiation time function is a sum of the command instant and a command delay time. The initiation time function depends on a first parameter and a second parameter. At least one of: the partial derivative of the initiation time function with respect to the first parameter is dependent on the second parameter or the partial derivative of the initiation time function with respect to the second parameter is dependent on the first parameter. Further, a system for controlled switching according to the method and a circuit breaker including the system are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to monitoring operation of a switching device in a power system, where a load is connected to a power source through the switching device. The load has windings, with coupling between at least one of two or more phases of a winding, and two or more windings of the load. The method includes obtaining measurements of at least one of voltages and currents, at one or more of a source and load side. Further, the method determines an electrical parameter associated with electrical switching of one or more poles. The parameter for each pole is determined based on at least one of voltage measurements at the source and load side, and line measurements associated with at least one winding. The values of the electrical parameter are monitored to determine the switching instant of the pole, for determining mechanical operating time deviation for estimating future switching instants.

Abstract: The invention relates to monitoring operation of a switching device in a power system, where a load is connected to a power source through the switching device. The load has windings, with coupling between at least one of two or more phases of a winding, and two or more windings of the load. The method includes obtaining measurements of at least one of voltages and currents, at one or more of a source and load side. Further, the method determines an electrical parameter associated with electrical switching of one or more poles. The parameter for each pole is determined based on at least one of voltage measurements at the source and load side, and line measurements associated with at least one winding. The values of the electrical parameter are monitored to determine the switching instant of the pole, for determining mechanical operating time deviation for estimating future switching instants.

Abstract: A method for phase controlled energizing of a power transformer includes acquiring electrical voltage signal from a voltage sensing device connected to the power transformer. Determining a first characterizing data in the voltage signal within a pre-determined set of cycles at about an opening operation of a circuit breaker and determining a second characterizing data within the pre-determined set of cycles in the voltage signal subsequent to the opening operation of the circuit breaker. Estimating a level of magnetization of the core of the power transformer based on at least one of second characterizing data, and the first characterizing data and the second characterizing data. Operating the circuit breaker at a determined instant of switching based on the estimated level of magnetization for a phase controlled energizing of the power transformer by the circuit breaker.

Abstract: A power system comprises a power source, a transmission line coupled to the power source through a circuit breaker, a shunt reactor coupled to the transmission line, and a current transformer connected in series with the shunt reactor. A method for controlling the circuit breaker of the power system comprises processing an output signal of the current transformer to obtain the voltage on the transmission line by determining a time derivative of a current sensed by the current transformer. The method further comprises performing, by at least one control or protection device, a control or protection operation (e.g., auto-reclosing) based on the determined time derivative of the current sensed by the current transformer.

Abstract: A box bracket assembly including a box and an insert for protecting and holding a bottle securely within the box. The insert includes vertical support panels having apertures for holding the bottle. Support aperture edges hold the bottle in place centrally in an inner cavity between the support panels. The support apertures are formed in two parallel support panels. Support panels may be linked by a base. Extending from the sides of the support panels are brackets which fold along a bracket hinge to form a 90° angle with the support panels. Once folded and inserted into the box, the sides of the brackets are parallel and in contact with the sides of the box and the edges of the brackets contact the perpendicular sides of the box, such that the insert and the bottle are immobilized within the box.

Abstract: A method for controlled switching of a circuit breaker is described. The method includes initiating operation of the circuit breaker at an initiation time derivable from an initiation time function. The initiation time function depends on a first parameter and a second parameter. The partial derivative of the initiation time function with respect to the first parameter is dependent on the second parameter and/or the partial derivative of the initiation time function with respect to the second parameter is dependent on the first parameter. Further, a system for controlled switching according to the method and a circuit breaker including the system are described.

Abstract: In aspects, the present invention provides a method for phase controlled energizing of a power transformer (130). The method comprises acquiring electrical voltage signal from a voltage sensing device (160, 170) connected to the power transformer when a circuit breaker (140) disconnects the power transformer from a power source (110). Determining a first characterizing data in the voltage signal within a pre-determined set of cycles at about an opening operation of the circuit breaker and determining a second characterizing data within the pre-determined set of cycles in the voltage signal subsequent to the opening operation of the circuit breaker. Estimating a level of magnetization of the core of the power transformer based on at least one of second characterizing data, and the first characterizing data and the second characterizing data.

Abstract: Improved method of production of 9-(Z)-retinoic acid, in which a) a ?-formyl-crotonic acid C1-C10 alkyl or phenyl ester is reacted with an isolated 9-(Z)—C15-triarylphosphonium salt by the Wittig reaction in the presence of a base to the corresponding 9-(Z)-retinoic acid ester; which b) is then saponified with a base to the corresponding 9-(Z)-retinoic acid carboxylate and then, following protonation with an acid, the desired 9-(Z)-retinoic acid is obtained, and improved method for the enrichment and isolation of the 9-(Z)—C15-triarylphosphonium salt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of the compound of formula (7) which process comprises the hydrogenation of the compound of formula (4) using bis[chloro-1,5-cyclooctadiene-iridium], (S)-i-dicyclohexylphosphino-2-[(S)-?-(dimethylamino)-2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)benzyl]-ferrocene as a catalyst.

Abstract: Polypeptide and recombinant protein having esterase activity which exhibit the amino acid sequence SEQ. ID. No. 1 and the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the compound of formula 7*acetate (see below), a process for its preparation, and its use

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of the compound of formula (7) which process comprises the hydrogenation of the compound of formula (4) using bis[chloro-1,5-cyclooctadiene-iridium], (S)-i-dicyclohexylphosphino-2-[(S)-?-(dimethylamino)-2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)benzyl]-ferrocene as a catalyst.

Abstract: Improved method of production of 9-(Z)-retinoic acid, in which a) a ?-formyl-crotonic acid C1-C10 alkyl or phenyl ester is reacted with an isolated 9-(Z)—C15-triarylphosphonium salt by the Wittig reaction in the presence of a base to the corresponding 9-(Z)-retinoic acid ester; which b) is then saponified with a base to the corresponding 9-(Z)-retinoic acid carboxylate and then, following protonation with an acid, the desired 9-(Z)-retinoic acid is obtained, and improved method for the enrichment and isolation of the 9-(Z)—C15-triarylphosphonium salt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the compound of formula 7*acetate (see below), a process for its preparation, and its use

Abstract: The method for mains-synchronous switching of circuit breakers comprises the following method steps: measurement of the current flowing through a circuit breaker (9) and measurement of a mains voltage on a first side of the circuit breaker (9), additional voltage measurement on a second side of the circuit breaker (9), feeding of all the measurement signals to a control device (18), deciding in the control device (18), on the basis of the characteristic data stored there, which measurement signal will be used as the reference value for the mains-synchronous tripping of the circuit breaker (9), generating a switching command, which initiates the mains-synchronous switching of the circuit breaker (9) on the basis of this decision, and carrying out the switching command by the circuit breaker (9).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are disclosed for disconnection of a fault current which has occurred in an AC power supply system. A disconnection command which is produced in a protective device is supplied to a synchronization controller in order to open a circuit breaker, in which synchronization controller a command is delayed until the circuit breaker can be opened in synchronism with the power supply system. The method includes monitoring of the disconnection command emitted from the protective device and monitoring a fault-current signal, or a status signal emitted from the circuit breaker, and formation of an emergency disconnection command if the fault-current signal or the status signal is still present following a delay time after emission of the disconnection command, which delay time is greater than a sum of a natural response time of the circuit breaker and a time for quenching of a switching arc produced on opening of the circuit breaker.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are disclosed for disconnection of a fault current which has occurred in an AC power supply system. A disconnection command which is produced in a protective device is supplied to a synchronization controller in order to open a circuit breaker, in which synchronization controller a command is delayed until the circuit breaker can be opened in synchronism with the power supply system. The method includes monitoring of the disconnection command emitted from the protective device and monitoring a fault-current signal, or a status signal emitted from the circuit breaker, and formation of an emergency disconnection command if the fault-current signal or the status signal is still present following a delay time after emission of the disconnection command, which delay time is greater than a sum of a natural response time of the circuit breaker and a time for quenching of a switching arc produced on opening of the circuit breaker.