Abstract: Disclosed are foam compositions and processes to form closed-cell phenolic foams. The foams comprises a continuous polymeric phase defining a plurality of cells, wherein the continuous polymeric phase comprises a phenol-formaldehyde resole derived from a phenol and formaldehyde, and wherein the plurality of cells comprises a plurality of open-cells and a plurality of closed-cells with an open-cell content measured according to ASTM D6226-5, of less than 50%. The foam composition also comprises a discontinuous phase disposed in at least a portion of the plurality of closed-cells, the discontinuous phase comprising 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene.

Abstract: Described is the preparation of sulfonated polyoxadiazole polymers with a high degree of sulfonation and good flammability properties. The polymers are useful in articles such as fibers.

Abstract: The invention is directed to sulfonated aromatic polyesters and methods of making said polymers. These polymers are useful as fibers and other articles. The polymer has a property of increased flame retardancy.

Abstract: Described are sulfonated polyoxadiazole polymers with a high degree of sulfonation and having improved properties such as increased flame retardancy and dyeability. The polymers are useful in articles such as films, fibrids, fibers for floc, and fibers for textile uses, and other articles made from engineering plastics.

Abstract: Described are sulfonated aromatic compounds and methods of making said compounds. The compounds are useful as monomers in a variety of polymers such as polyamides and polyesters, and can impart flame resistant properties.

Abstract: Described is the preparation of sulfonated polyoxadiazole polymers with a high degree of sulfonation and good flammability properties. The polymers are useful in articles such as fibers.

Abstract: Described are sulfonated polyoxadiazole polymers with a high degree of sulfonation and good flammability properties. The polymer has repeat units of Formula (I) and one or both of Formula (II) and (IIa): wherein M is a cation. The polymers are useful in articles such as fibers.

Abstract: A shaped article having a polymer having repeat units of Formula (I) and one or both of Formula (II) and (IIa): wherein M is a cation.

Abstract: Described is a flame-resistant spun yarn having: about 50 to about 95 parts by weight of a sulfonated polyoxadiazole based staple fiber comprising repeat units of Formula (I) and one or both of Formula (II) and (IIa): wherein M is a cation; and about 5 to about 50 parts by weight of a textile staple fiber having limiting oxygen index of 21 or greater and a tenacity of about 4 grams per denier or greater, based on the total amount of the polymeric fiber and the textile fiber in the yarn.

Abstract: Supported bis(phosphorus) ligands are disclosed for use in a variety of catalytic processes, including the isomerization, hydrogenation, hydroformylation, and hydrocyanation of unsaturated organic compounds. Catalysts are formed when the ligands are combined with a catalytically active metal, such as nickel.

Abstract: Supported bis(phosphorus) ligands are disclosed for use in a variety of catalytic processes, including the isomerization, hydrogenation, hydroformylation, and hydrocyanation of unsaturated organic compounds. Catalysts are formed when the ligands are combined with a catalytically active metal, such as nickel.