Abstract: A redox flow battery may include: a positive half-cell comprising a catholyte; a negative half-cell comprising an anolyte; and an ion permeable membrane, wherein the ion permeable membrane separates the catholyte and the anolyte, and wherein the catholyte, the anolyte, or both comprise a low-transition temperature material comprising: a redox-active phase; and an ionically conducting organic salt.

Abstract: Information organized in fields stored by a mainframe computer database program is retrieved in field format by software running on the mainframe computer to extract the information by intercepting the information after causing the database program to execute an existing routine for preparing to display the information. The retrieved information in field format is then delivered to software such as a GUI software application, an Internet browser application, or another database program, or is used to produce a display on an output device such as a pager or a fax machine. Information is also stored in the fields by inserting the information in field format in a map and causing the database program to execute an existing routine for reading the information from the map.