Abstract: Fused silica members having high internal transmission and low birefringence are disclosed. Methods of making such fused silica members are also disclosed. According to the present invention, fused silica members having an internal transmission equal to or greater than 99.65%/cm at 193 nm and having an absolute maximum birefringence along the use axis of less than or equal to 0.75 nm/cm are provided.

Abstract: Optical members, methods of manufacturing optical members and predicting the performance of optical members in optical systems using excimer lasers are disclosed. The methods can be used in designing optical systems using excimer lasers. The methods include measuring the wavefront change of samples of glass at the operating wavelength of the optical system.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for characterizing an optical preform. To achieve this, the present invention provides a three-dimensional map of the refractive-index distribution within a boule or an optical preform. The three-dimensional map of the refractive-index distribution allows device manufacturers to better predict the performance of the optical device. The three-dimensional map also allows device manufacturers to determine the best orientation of the preform during device extraction.

Abstract: Fused silica members having high internal transmission and low birefringence are disclosed. Methods of making such fused silica members are also disclosed. According to the present invention, fused silica members having an internal transmission equal to or greater than 99.65%/cm at 193 nm and having an absolute maximum birefringence along the use axis of less than or equal to 0.75 nm/cm are provided.

Abstract: An inexpensive lightweight mirror blank having good dimensional stability, and a method of making the same is provided. The mirror blank includes an extruded ceramic honeycomb core and a faceplate bonded or otherwise affixed to the front surface of the core. The extruded honeycomb core is comprised of a matrix of cell walls defining an array of cells, with the number of cells being greater than about 16 cells per square inch, to render the core extremely light in weight yet sufficiently rigid and strong to support the optical faceplate. The faceplate is formed from a material that is capable of being polished to an optical surface. An optional back plate can be bonded or otherwise affixed to the back surface of the core in order to improve stiffness and mechanical stability of the mirror blank.