Abstract: A first plurality of roofing shingles installed in on a roof deck, and a second plurality of roofing shingles installed in a second plurality of rows. An edge of one of the second roofing shingles in each of the second rows is offset from the edge of another one of the second roofing shingles in another adjacent one of the second rows. An edge of a first photovoltaic shingle is juxtaposed with the edge of a first roofing shingle of the second roofing shingles in a first row of the second rows. The edge of at least another photovoltaic shingle in at least one of another row of the second rows is substantially aligned with the edge of the first photovoltaic shingle. An additional roofing shingle is installed intermediate one of the second roofing shingles and one of the photovoltaic shingles.

Abstract: A system includes a plurality of photovoltaic shingles installed on a roof deck, each of the shingles having a first layer including a head lap portion, and a second layer including at least one solar cell. A first photovoltaic shingle overlays at least a part of the head lap portion of a second photovoltaic shingle. The system includes at least one wireway installed proximate to a first end of at least the first photovoltaic shingle.

Abstract: A system includes a plurality of roofing shingles installed on a roof deck. Each of the roofing shingles includes first and second ends, first and second edges, a head lap, a reveal portion, a first side lap at the first end, and a second side lap at the second end. The second side lap includes a first surface, which has an adhesive. The first side lap of a first one of the roofing shingles overlays and is attached to the second side lap of a second one of the roofing shingles to form a sealed portion between the head lap of the first one of the roofing shingles and the head lap of the second one of the roofing shingles.

Abstract: A first plurality of roofing shingles installed in a first plurality of rows on a roof deck, and a second plurality of roofing shingles installed in a second plurality of rows. An edge of one of the second roofing shingles in each of the second rows is offset from the edge of another one of the second roofing shingles in another adjacent one of the second rows. An edge of a first photovoltaic shingle is juxtaposed with the edge of a first roofing shingle of the second roofing shingles in a first row of the second rows. The edge of at least another photovoltaic shingle in at least one of another row of the second rows is substantially aligned with the edge of the first photovoltaic shingle. An additional roofing shingle is installed intermediate one of the second roofing shingles and one of the photovoltaic shingles.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes improved splices for joining ladder rack sections that provide a conductive ground connection, without requiring removal of paint, drilling additional holes, or installation of ground straps between sections. The splices also provide a solid physical connection between ladder rack sections, ensuring safety and stability of the rack system.

Abstract: A system including a plurality of photovoltaic shingles installed on a roof deck, a plurality of roofing shingles, such as asphalt shingles, installed on the roof deck, and a plurality of step flaps. One end of the roofing shingle overlays a first side of a corresponding one of the step flaps, and one end of photovoltaic shingle overlays a second side of the corresponding one of the step flaps.

Abstract: A system includes a plurality of photovoltaic shingles installed on a roof deck, each of the shingles having a first layer including a head lap portion, and a second layer including at least one solar cell. A first photovoltaic shingle overlays at least a part of the head lap portion of a second photovoltaic shingle. The system includes at least one wireway installed proximate to a first end of at least the first photovoltaic shingle.

Abstract: A system includes a plurality of photovoltaic shingles installed on a roof deck, each of the shingles having a first layer including a head lap portion, and a second layer including at least one solar cell. A first photovoltaic shingle overlays at least a part of the head lap portion of a second photovoltaic shingle. The system includes at least one wireway installed proximate to a first end of at least the first photovoltaic shingle.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes improved splices for joining ladder rack sections that provide a conductive ground connection, without requiring removal of paint, drilling additional holes, or installation of ground straps between sections. The splices also provide a solid physical connection between ladder rack sections, ensuring safety and stability of the rack system.

Abstract: A storage cabinet includes a frame assembly having a forward facing surface and defining an interior configured to store items; a door assembly having a lateral surface; and a hinge assembly pivotally coupling the frame assembly to the door assembly such that the door assembly is moveable from a closed position to a plurality of open positions. The hinge assembly includes a frame component mounted to the forward facing surface of the frame assembly; and a door component mounted to the lateral surface of the door component and configured to rotate relative to the frame component upon rotation of the door assembly relative to the frame assembly. The hinge assembly is configured to enable a user to remove the door assembly from the frame assembly by lifting the door in a vertical direction only when the door assembly is moved from the closed position at least a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A storage cabinet includes a frame assembly having a forward facing surface and defining an interior configured to store items; a door assembly having a lateral surface; and a hinge assembly pivotally coupling the frame assembly to the door assembly such that the door assembly is moveable from a closed position to a plurality of open positions. The hinge assembly includes a frame component mounted to the forward facing surface of the frame assembly; and a door component mounted to the lateral surface of the door component and configured to rotate relative to the frame component upon rotation of the door assembly relative to the frame assembly. The hinge assembly is configured to enable a user to remove the door assembly from the frame assembly by lifting the door in a vertical direction only when the door assembly is moved from the closed position at least a predetermined amount.

Abstract: An electronic certificate has content data specifying an attribute delegation from an identified issuer to an identified subject, and an electronic signature for confirming the content data. The content data includes a condition requiring that a particular subject must have a particular attribute in order for the delegation to be valid. This particular subject may be the same as or different from the identified subject. More than one such subject-directed condition can be included in the certificate, the conditions being combined in a predetermined logical relationship.

Abstract: A virtual network has virtual machines on physical devices connected to network interfaces each coupled by tunnels (100) through a forwarding network (40), each interface having a forwarding address in an address space of the forwarding network, each network interface having a reconfigurable address mapper (320) for determining a forwarding address for a packet, and encapsulating the packet with its forwarding address so that the forwarding network can deliver the data packet to the remote physical device having that forwarding address. Such encapsulation enables virtual machines on different physical devices to communicate transparently to the underlying forwarding network. Virtual networks can be created to suit their applications yet use or share existing forwarding networks, while protecting the forwarding network from interference by the virtual machines, and maintaining isolation between virtual machines.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for discovering a trust chain that imparts a required attribute to a subject and is grounded in a trusted principal that is the issuer of a known trusted attribute delegation. The method involves setting as a primary goal to be proved an attribute delegation from a trusted principal to the subject and then seeking a backwards proof of the primary goal by a process of recursively taking a goal to be proved, starting with the primary goal, and decomposing it into subgoals one of which corresponds to an attribute delegation already proved by an available certificate. If it is not possible to decompose a subgoal that has not been proved, the process backtracks to a previous subgoal to seek a new decomposition of the latter. A trust chain is taken as found when the process produces a chain of subgoals proved by corresponding certificates, that grounds in a subgoal proved by a trusted attribute delegation. Name mappings are also permitted.

Abstract: A security protocol entity (20) is provided that includes a mechanism for enabling a first party (11) to communicate securely with a second party (60) through an access-controlling intermediate party (13) by nesting within a first security session (64) established with the intermediate party (13) a second security session (65) with the second party (60). The protocol data units, PDUs, associated with the second security session (65) are encapsulated in PDUs associated with the first security session (64) when sent out by the first party, the intermediate party extracting the encapsulated PDUs for sending on to the second party (possibly with a change to the destination address included in the PDU to be sent on). Each PDU includes a message type field explicitly indicating to the intermediate party (13) if a received PDU encapsulates another PDU intended to be sent on.

Abstract: A system has a local client application (10) and a communications stack (20, 14) by which the local application can communicate with remote peer applications on other systems. The communications stack includes a transport entity (14) for providing transport services, and a transport-independent, session-level security entity (20) logically positioned above the transport entity and visible to the local application. The security entity has a key-exchange handshake protocol engine (24) for conducting a handshake with a peer security entity (30) associated with a particular remote application (12) with which the local application (10) wishes to communicate, this handshake involving the exchange of key-related data for use in generating session keys. The security entity (20) also has a secure channel engine (25) for enabling messages to be passed between the local application and the target remote application with authentication and/or encryption.

Abstract: A security protocol system is provided in which at least some of the protocol PDUs are exchanged between the parties operating the protocol in the form of electronic documents formatted according to a self-describing markup language such as XML.

Abstract: A system and method for resolving a rule conflict within a security policy applied to a trusted computing platform, wherein the fileset to which each of the conflicting rules v and s refers (or “scope”) is determined (step 10). It is then determined (at step 12) if the scope of one of the rules s is a complete subset of the scope of rule r. If so, rule s is applied to the accessed file f (at step 14). If not, the conflict is resolved in another way, for example, by determining the most restrictive of rules r and s (at step 16) and applying the result accordingly (step 18).

Abstract: A system comprising a trusted computing platform including one or more logically protected computing environments, each of which is associated with at least one service or process supported by said system, the system being arranged to load onto said trusted computing platform a predetermined security policy including one or more security rules for controlling the operation of each of said logically protected computing environments, the security rules for at least one of said logically protected computing environments including an execution control rule which defines the security attributes to be applied to a service or process associated with said logically protected computing environment when said service or process is started.

Abstract: A method for a user to authenticate to a first computer on a computer network comprises: