Abstract: An RF amplifier has multiple DC coupled gain stages which generate an output signal by amplifying an input RF signal. All of the transistors are NPN and directly coupled through filters. The amplifier input and output stages actively match the impedance of the RF source and load.

Abstract: An improved synchronous tracking AM receiver having low power requirements and a small size. The synchronous tracking AM receiver provides signal tracking capability and sensitivity approaching a conventional superhetrodyne receiver. The synchronous tracking AM receiver includes an RF amplifier synchronous input section which couples input signals to a synchronization filter circuit, including a modified Colpitts oscillator. The Colpitts oscillator recycles the signal to generate a high Q output signal. The output signal of the synchronization circuit is coupled to a low pass filter, then amplified by a low frequency amplifier and triggered to produce a digital output signal.

Abstract: A frequency phase modulator which generates a phase modulator controlled slope voltage waveform. The controlled slope voltage waveform is controlled by coupling a first fixed frequency oscillator with a second variable frequency voltage controlled oscillator. The period of the ramp waveform (slope) is equal to the difference between the two frequencies. The phases of the two oscillators are compared and integrated to produce the phase modulator ramp waveform.

Abstract: An improved transimpedance amplifier having a wide bandwidth, stable operation and high gain including a cascode input transistor stage. The cascode input stage includes a JFET transistor coupled to a photodiode output providing the current input for the transimpedance amplifier. The output of the JFET transistor is coupled to the emitter of a bipolar transistor having its base grounded. The JFET reduces current noise in the transimpedance amplifier and the bipolar transistor provides the required high gain while coupling the Miller capacitance to ground. The output of the bipolar transistor is coupled through the base of a second bipolar transistor which provides a buffer for the transimpedance amplifier. An output level shift provides the feedback voltage to the cascode input stage.

Abstract: A voltage divider circuit having divider resistors which are not precision resistors. A first oscillating signal is input into a first resistor and the complement of the first oscillating signal is input into a second resistor. The two resistors are connected together and to a filter. Other means, such as transistors, may be utilized in lieu of the resistors. The output at the filter is the D.C. level of the first oscillating signal which is one-half or other designated ratio of the input voltage. Buffers may be incorporated in the invention.

Abstract: A precision ratioed digital-to-analog data converter. A first latch stores a first digital word having a first numerical value and a second latch stores a second digital word having a second numerical value. A down counter alternately receives data from the first and second latches and is connected to a flip flop device to produce a waveform signal having first and second pulse components of opposite polarity. The first and second pulse components have a duration proportional to the first and second digital words. The output waveform is then inverted through an inverter comprising matched P and N channel MOSFETS. The inverted waveform is then presented to an RC integrator circuit which produces a DC signal. The DC signal is passed through a buffer amplifier connected in a voltage follower configuration.

Abstract: A phase locked loop including a digital control is provided. A phase detector having first and second inputs and an output connected to a loop filter which responds to the digital control so as to modify the output. The loop filter further comprises apparatus for integrating and a first apparatus for amplifying the modified phase detector output, each of which provides an output signal. An apparatus for digitally controlling the loop filter parameters responds to externally generated digital commands so as to vary loop parameters. A first apparatus for generating a voltage controlled oscillation signal is connected to the first input, where the voltage controlled oscillation apparatus includes a voltage control signal input.

Abstract: An enhancement for a phase locked loop, where the enhanced phase locked loop includes a phase detector having an output and first and second inputs, the enhancement circuits of the invention, a loop filter and a voltage controlled oscillator having a control signal input and a signal output connected to the second input of the phase detector. One embodiment of the enhancement comprises a first amplifier for amplifying the output signal from the phase detector, a matched quad diode array having first and second nodes, a second amplifier and first, second and third resistors each having first and second terminals. The first terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor and also connected in common to the first amplifier output. The second terminal of the third resistor is connected to the second node of the quad diode array, the first terminals of the first and third resistors and the inverting input of the second amplifier.

Abstract: This invention relates to a three-way catalyst for use in the purification of exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, a method of making the same and an exhaust system including a three-way catalyst for an internal combustion engine. Specifically, the three-way catalyst comprises a substrate suitable for the purification of exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine wherein the catalyst comprises a substrate, a refractory oxide layer, tungsten and/or one or more tungsten containing compounds and one or more platinum group metals.

Abstract: In a typical power system, a motor bus is fed by a main power system; and, an auxiliary system is provided to alternatively feed the motor bus. When a fast transfer from the main power to the auxiliary power system is desired, for example, in case of fault occurring in the main system, the inventive method transfers power in a synchronous mode; that is, power is transferred from the auxiliary system to the motor bus when the phase difference of the auxiliary system with respect to the frequency of the residual voltage on the motor bus is essentially zero degrees.

Abstract: Power transfer relay circuitry is disclosed for providing synchronous transfer of power such as from an auxiliary source or system to a motor or motor bus; the circuitry effects the transfer of power when the phase difference between the motor bus and the auxiliary power source is very nearly zero degrees.

Abstract: A synchronizing check relay is used in an electrical transmission network for controlling a circuit breaker to interconnect first and second transmission lines to establish power flow therebetween and includes an input circuit for receiving signals from first and second transmission lines. A phase difference generator generates a phase difference signal proportional to a phase difference between said signals from said first and second transmission lines. A phase difference comparator receives the phase difference signal and produces a phase output signal at a selected phase condition. An adjustable timer produces a timer signal after a selected time interval in response to the phase comparator to insure a proper phase difference between the transmission lines. The voltage sensor produces a breaker closing inhibit signal when one of the alternating current voltages is outside a reference limit.