Abstract: The present invention provides nucleic acid molecules capable of binding phospholipid membranes, and more particularly RNA molecules capable of binding and forming channels in biological membranes. In this regard the present invention provides methods for screening nucleic acid molecules that bind phospholipid membranes. The present invention also provides compositions of nucleic acid molecules capable of binding phospholipid membranes, as well as methods employing these compositions to alter the permeability or detectably label phospholipid membranes.

Abstract: The instant invention provides a method for identifying and preparing nucleic acid ligands capable of facilitating aminoacyl-RNA synthesis. The nucleic acid ligands are identified and produced by exposure of candidate nucleic sequences to a reactant under conditions conducive to reaction, wherein nucleic acid sequences having facilitative activity are able to facilitate or enhance a reaction between the reactant molecule and nucleic acid sequence. Included in the invention are specific RNA ligands capable of facilitating aminoacyl-RNA synthesis identified by the SELEX method.

Abstract: A method of systematically generating and isolating highly flavinogenic strains of Candida famata. The strains Candida famata GA18Y8-6#2 dgr and Candida famata GA18Y8-6#2#11 have been developed and produce yields of ca. 7.0 to 7.5 grams per liter per 6 days. The method includes a combination of iterative mutagenizing steps and protoplast fusion steps performed on the parent strain and the descendant strains which are selected following each step according to a screening protocol.