Abstract: The present invention is based on a regulation circuit (200a, 200b) for making available a constant current supply on the basis of a transformer principle, in which there flows through the luminescent diodes (D1, . . . , DN) a triangular a.c. current (ID) varying periodically around a d.c. current value. With this method it is afforded by means of a circuitry provision that both the charging and also the discharging current (IL1) of an inductive reactance (XL1) connected in series to the luminescent diodes (D1, . . . , DN), functioning as a storage choke (L1) for filtering of mains harmonics, flows as diode current (ID) through the luminescent diodes (D1, . . . , DN). The advantage of this method consists in a significant reduction of the overall power loss (PV, ges) of the LED illumination module (100).

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for recording characteristic curves for a light-emitting diode arrangement (1) comprising at least one light-emitting diode (2). A control unit (4) is used to operate the light-emitting diode arrangement (1) and to record the diode current (8) and the voltage (9) on the light-emitting diode arrangement (1). The control unit (4) is also used to record a first current/voltage pair (P1) and a different second current/voltage pair (P2), at a first temperature of the light-emitting diode arrangement (1), and a third current/voltage pair (P3) and a different fourth current/voltage pair (P4), at a second temperature of the light-emitting diode arrangement (1). The invention also relates to a method for recording characteristic curves of a light-emitting diode arrangement.

Abstract: A circuit for the power regulation of an LED comprises a converter having a switch. The LED is interconnected in an output circuit, wherein a control unit controls the magnetization of an inductor, in that it actively clocks the switch. A measured actual value representative of the average value of the LED current is returned to the control unit and compared to a reference value.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating at least one LED by a switched-mode regulator circuit to which a DC or a rectified AC voltage is supplied and which provides a supply voltage for at least one LED by a coil and a switch clocked by a control/regulation unit. When the switch is activated, power is temporarily stored in the coil and is discharged through a diode and through at least one LED when the switch is deactivated and the current flows through the LED through a first power storage element which is coupled to a second power storage element. The first power storage element just reaches its maximum capability of storing power due to the current flowing through the LED. A rising current is supplied to the second power storage element such that the time can be detected when the first power storage element recovers its capability of storing power.

Abstract: A regulation circuit is provided for making available a constant current supply on the basis of a transformer principle, in which there flows through the luminescent diodes a triangular a.c. current varying periodically around a d.c. current value. Circuitry is provided so that both the charging and the discharging current of an inductive reactance connected in series to the luminescent diodes, functioning as a storage choke for filtering of mains harmonics, flows as diode current through the luminescent diodes. An advantage of this method consists in a significant reduction of the overall power loss of the LED illumination module. According to one embodiment, the ceramic circuit board of the LED illumination module has a direct mains current supply, which, for protection from mechanical damage, is accommodated in a transparent housing having a highly transparent polymer mass serving as an optically active lens surface.

Abstract: An operating circuit for at least one light-emitting diode (LED) incorporates a switched-mode regulator circuit to which a DC voltage is fed and which provides a supply voltage for the at least one light-emitting diode (LED) by means of a coil (L1) and a switch (S1) clocked by a control unit (SR). When the switch (S1) is on, energy is built up in the coil (L1), which is discharged through the at least one light-emitting diode (LED) when the switch (S1) is off. The control unit (SR) determines the time period between the switch (S1) switching off and subsequently switching on depending on the voltage across the at least one light-emitting diode (LED) and a temporally constant characteristic parameter of the coil (L1).

Abstract: An apparatus (1) for processing specimens (15), comprising an observation device (2), a specimen holder (3) for receiving the specimen (15) to be processed, and a tool holder (6), the tool holder (6) being pivotable in a plane normal to its longitudinal axis (L?) by a pivot arm (22), and being rotatable about its longitudinal axis (L?); furthermore a drive system for selectable execution of the pivoting of the pivot arm (22) is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to an operating device (BG) for lamps (LM), comprising an interface (IFi), by means of which the device (BG) may be provided with external dimming values. The device (BG) converts said provided external dimming values into internal dimming values on the basis of which the control of the connected lamps (LM) is achieved, the internal dimming values being of higher resolution than the external dimming values. According to the invention, the operating device (BG) is designed such that the conversion of the external dimming values into internal dimming values may be programmed. The operating device (BG) can particularly also be designed such that said conversion can be programmed with regard to the dynamics thereof. A programming can be provided by a time conversion relationship (linear, logarithmic or exponential time curve etc.) by means of which an internal dimming value corresponding to an external dimming value is reached.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention concerns a method of charging an upwardly oriented hole with a pumpable material, typically a pumpable explosive material such as an ANE. In the method of the invention a laterally expandable retainer is provided. This is of smaller length than the hole and has an inlet at a lower end thereof and an outlet at an upper end thereof. In an unexpanded state the retainer has a smaller lateral dimension than the hole. The retainer is inserted upwardly into the hole in an unexpanded state, whereafter material with which the hole is to be charged is pumped upwardly into the retainer through the inlet such that the retainer fills up and expands laterally into engagement with a wall of the hole. Excess pumped material is allowed to upwardly out of the retainer into the hole through the outlet. After the retainer has been filled with material and the hole above the retainer has been at least partially filled with any excess material, the pumping operation is stopped and the inlet is closed.

Abstract: The present invention is based on a regulation circuit (200a, 200b) for making available a constant current supply on the basis of a transformer principle, in which there flows through the luminescent diodes (D1, . . . ,DN) a triangular a.c. current (ID) varying periodically around a d.c. current value. With this method it is afforded by means of a circuitry provision that both the charging and also the discharging current (IL1) of an inductive reactance (XL1) connected in series to the luminescent diodes (D1, . . . ,DN), functioning as a storage choke (L1) for filtering of mains harmonics, flows as diode current (ID) through the luminescent diodes (D1, . . . ,DN). The advantage of this method consists in a significant reduction of the overall power loss (PV, ges) of the LED illumination module (100).

Abstract: A circuit for operating at least one LED (“driver circuit”) includes input terminals to be connected to an input or operating voltage in the form of a direct current (DC) voltage or a rectified alternating current (AC) voltage, and output terminals to be connected to a load circuit containing the at least one LED. The circuit includes a clocked switch and an open-loop control circuit for clocking the switch. The open-loop control circuit is in the form of an integrated circuit (IC) and is provided with input and output pins. The open-loop control circuit generates a clock signal for the switch depending on at least two actual value signals, such that there is a control loop with the manipulated variable “clocking of the switch.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operation of an actively clocked PFC circuit with a directly or indirectly connected load circuit at the output of the PFC circuit, wherein the load circuit has a lighting means, in particular one or more LEDs, wherein the PFC circuit is supplied at least with a measurement signal which reflects the power consumption of the load circuit or with an external control signal which indicates the power consumption, and a control circuit adjusts the mode of operation of the PFC circuit continuously or preferably in two or more steps, depending on the control signal or measurement signal.

Abstract: A method for forecasting a future inventory demand includes receiving historical demand data associated with a part number and statistically analyzing the historical demand data associated with one or more part numbers to identify each part number as one of a seasonal part number, a quasi-seasonal part number, a high variability part number, or a non-seasonal part number. If the part number is identified as a seasonal part number, a first inventory requirement for a first predetermined portion of a future demand period is estimated. If the part number is identified as a quasi-seasonal part number, a second inventory requirement for a second predetermined portion of a future demand period is estimated, wherein the second predetermined portion of the future demand period is a multiple of the first predetermined portion. If the part number is identified as a high variability part number, a third inventory requirement for a third predetermined portion of a future demand period is estimated.

Abstract: An operating circuit is provided for an LED, which receives a voltage, and which supplies a voltage for the LED via a coil, having a first switch clocked by a control/regulating unit. Power is stored temporarily in the coil when the first switch is activated so that the power is discharged via a diode and via the LED when the first switch is turned off. A capacitor is arranged in parallel to the LED and maintains current through the LED during the demagnetization of the coil. A first switch generates a first sensor signal dependent on the current flowing through the first switch, and/or a second sensor unit, which detects whether demagnetization of the coil unit has occurred and generates a sensor signal. The signals are fed to the control/regulating unit and processed. The control/regulating unit reactivates the first switch when the coil is demagnetized and/or the diode is blocking.

Abstract: In a method for projecting at least one optical projection onto at least one projection surface a monitoring zone that contains and/or surrounds a first projection surface is scanned with the aid of a working laser beam, which is not hazardous for the human eye, by the positioning the working laser beam on various scanning positions located in the monitoring zone, and a measured signal for light from the working laser beam that is reflected from the scanning positions is acquired. The measured signal is compared with the reference signal. Depending on the result of this comparison, the optical projection is projected onto the first projection surface by means of a projection laser beam, which has a greater radiant power than the working laser beam. With the aid of the working laser beam, a second optical projection is projected onto a second projection surface that is located outside of the monitoring zone.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cement, which comprises in its main phase of microcrystalline magnesium ammonium phosphate and nanoapatite after hardening and thus at the same time has considerable strength. The material is biologically degradable and is suitable for application in tooth cements, as bone replacement, as bone filler, as bone cement or as bone adhesive.

Abstract: A retaining device 1 comprises a cup-shaped trap basket 2 including a circular support edge 3. A holder 4 is disposed at the trap basket 2, includes at least two holding arms 5, 6 movable between a “holding position” and “release” position, and is a separate assembly adapted to be connected to the trap basket 2. A gear unit 8 includes a bolt 10 that is adapted to be connected with a rotatable operating element 7 and has a driving worm 9 and tooth sections 11 adapted to be engaged with the driving worm 9 and disposed at the holding arms 5, 6.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cryopreparation chamber (100) for preparing and manipulating a sample for electron microscopy, the cryopreparation chamber (100) being cooled by a primary cryogen, the cryopreparation chamber (100) including a first and a second chamber portion (101,102), the second chamber portion (102) being detachably placeable (101) on the first chamber portion (101), and moreover, the second chamber portion (102) being provided, in its outer wall (106), with an access port (107) through which a specimen holder (108) for an electron microscope can be inserted into the cryopreparation chamber (100). The present invention also relates to a cryopreparation device (200) which is suitable for cryopreparing a sample for an electron microscope and includes such a cryopreparation chamber (100).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for draining a fuel storage of an injection system of an internal combustion engine for an automobile, particularly a motor vehicle, having at least one injection valve. It is provided that the draining is carried out by means of suctioning off the fuel, wherein the injection valve is placed into the open position, or is placed into the open position at least once for venting the injection system during the suctioning off process. The invention further relates to a corresponding device.

Abstract: The present invention is based on a regulation circuit (200a, 200b) for making available a constant current supply on the basis of a transformer principle, in which there flows through the luminescent diodes (D1, . . . , DN) a triangular a.c. current (ID) varying periodically around a d.c. current value. With this method it is afforded by means of a circuitry provision that both the charging and also the discharging current (IL1) of an inductive reactance (XL1) connected in series to the luminescent diodes (D1, . . . , DN), functioning as a storage choke (L1) for filtering of mains harmonics, flows as diode current (ID) through the luminescent diodes (D1, . . . , DN). The advantage of this method consists in a significant reduction of the overall power loss (PV, ges) of the LED illumination module (100).