Abstract: One of first and second beams (28) of corresponding first and second light (13) are projected into an atmosphere (20) and at least one physical property of the atmosphere (20) is detected from the interference pattern (47) generated from the resulting scattered light (30). The first and second beams (20) are selected responsive to either a detected signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or a detected aerosol-to-molecular ratio (AMR). The wavelength (740) of the first light (13) provides for either molecular or aerosol scattering, whereas the wavelength (738) of the second light (13) provides for primarily only aerosol scattering. In accordance with a second aspect, scattered light (30) from one or more beams (28) of substantially monochromatic light (13) projected into the atmosphere (20) and received from a plurality of interaction regions (17) or measurement volumes (52) provides for determining wind power (P*) within a region of the atmosphere (20).

Abstract: A magnitude and direction, or a measure responsive thereto, of a velocity (V) of a first portion (17) of an atmosphere (20) are determined from at least first and second portions of scattered light (30) generated along a common beam of light (28) within the first portion (17) of the atmosphere (20) and received along linearly independent directions at locations that are relatively remote with respect to one another, at least one of which is relatively remote from a source (11) of the beam of light (28).

Abstract: A portion of a first portion of light (13, 90, 90?) from a source of light (11) is masked by a mask (138), and the resulting masked first portion of light (90?) is combined using a beam splitter optic (136) with at least one second portion of the light (30) that had been subject to scattering by a medium (20, 20?, 20?). The mask (138) is configured so that interference patterns (104, 47) generated from the first and at least one second portions of light are substantially mutually exclusive even though those interference patterns (104, 47) would otherwise overlap one another absent the mask (138).

Abstract: A fringe pattern from an interferometer is imaged onto a digital micromirror device containing an array of micromirrors in an associated pattern of pixel mirror rotational states that provide for sampling the circular fringe pattern in cooperation with one or more associated photodetectors, so as to provide for generate a corresponding set of associated complementary signals. A plurality of different sets of associated complementary signals generated for a corresponding plurality of mutually independent associated patterns of pixel mirror rotational states are used to determine at least one metric associated with the circular fringe pattern.

Abstract: One of first and second beams (28) of corresponding first and second light (13) are projected into an atmosphere (20) and at least one physical property of the atmosphere (20) is detected from the interference pattern (47) generated from the resulting scattered light (30). The first and second beams (20) are selected responsive to either a detected signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or a detected aerosol-to-molecular ratio (AMR). The wavelength (740) of the first light (13) provides for either molecular or aerosol scattering, whereas the wavelength (738) of the second light (13) provides for primarily only aerosol scattering. In accordance with a second aspect, scattered light (30) from one or more beams (28) of substantially monochromatic light (13) projected into the atmosphere (20) and received from a plurality of interaction regions (17) or measurement volumes (52) provides for determining wind power (P*) within a region of the atmosphere (20).

Abstract: Light scattered by a portion of a fluid medium illuminated by a beam of substantially monochromatic light is received within a field-of-view nominally along an axis oriented in a different direction relative to the beam and processed by an interferometer to generate a corresponding fringe pattern that is detected and processed to generate at least one measure of the fluid medium at a plurality of different ranges.

Abstract: A portion of a first portion of light (13, 90, 90?) from a source of light (11) is masked by a mask (138), and the resulting masked first portion of light (90?) is combined using a beam splitter optic (136) with at least one second portion of the light (30) that had been subject to scattering by a medium (20, 20?, 20?). The mask (138) is configured so that interference patterns (104, 47) generated from the first and at least one second portions of light are substantially mutually exclusive even though those interference patterns (104, 47) would otherwise overlap one another absent the mask (138).

Abstract: A magnitude and direction, or a measure responsive thereto, of a velocity (V) of a first portion (17) of an atmosphere (20) are determined from at least first and second portions of scattered light (30) generated along a common beam of light (28) within the first portion (17) of the atmosphere (20) and received along linearly independent directions at locations that are relatively remote with respect to one another, at least one of which is relatively remote from a source (11) of the beam of light (28).

Abstract: A fringe pattern from an interferometer is imaged onto a digital micromirror device containing an array of micromirrors in an associated pattern of pixel mirror rotational states that provide for sampling the circular fringe pattern in cooperation with one or more associated photodetectors, so as to provide for generate a corresponding set of associated complementary signals. A plurality of different sets of associated complementary signals generated for a corresponding plurality of mutually independent associated patterns of pixel mirror rotational states are used to determine at least one metric associated with the circular fringe pattern.

Abstract: Light scattered by a portion of a fluid medium illuminated by a beam of substantially monochromatic light is received within a field-of-view nominally along an axis oriented in a different direction relative to the beam and processed by an interferometer to generate a corresponding fringe pattern that is detected and processed to generate at least one measure of the fluid medium at a plurality of different ranges.

Abstract: A dental polymerization light transmission instrument is described for the use in simplifying the cementation of indirect cosmetic dental restorations that are secured into position with light cured composite cement. The invention teaches a method where light derived from dental light units utilizing standard curing tips may be directed through an unattached instrument which allows the dentist to control the position of the dental restoration and reduce the complexity and risks involved in the removal of excess cement prior to the final cement cure.