Abstract: The disclosed technology is generally directed to mixed-reality devices. In one example of the technology, a first mixed-reality guide is provided mixed-reality devices, enabling the mixed-reality devices to operate the first mixed-reality guide while providing a mixed-reality view, such that: while the first mixed-reality guide is navigated to a step of the set of steps of the first mixed-reality guide, the mixed-reality view includes a hologram at a real-world location in the real-world environment at which work associated with the step is to be performed. From each mixed-reality device, mixed-reality data is received based on use of at least the first mixed-reality guide on the mixed-reality device. The mixed-reality data includes spatial telemetry data collected for at least one step of the first mixed-reality guide. A presentation that is based on the mixed-reality data is provided. The first mixed-reality guide is enabled to be altered based on the mixed-reality data.

Abstract: Nanopore arrays are fabricated by controlled breakdown in solid-state membranes integrated within polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices. This technique enables the scalable production of independently addressable nanopores. By confining the electric field within the microfluidic architecture, nanopore fabrication is precisely localized and electrical noise is significantly reduced during sensing.

Abstract: Nanopore arrays are fabricated by controlled breakdown in solid-state membranes integrated within polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices. This technique enables the scalable production of independently addressable nanopores. By confining the electric field within the microfluidic architecture, nanopore fabrication is precisely localized and electrical noise is significantly reduced during sensing.

Abstract: The disclosed technology is generally directed to mixed-reality devices. In one example of the technology, a first mixed-reality guide is provided mixed-reality devices, enabling the mixed-reality devices to operate the first mixed-reality guide while providing a mixed-reality view, such that: while the first mixed-reality guide is navigated to a step of the set of steps of the first mixed-reality guide, the mixed-reality view includes a hologram at a real-world location in the real-world environment at which work associated with the step is to be performed. From each mixed-reality device, mixed-reality data is received based on use of at least the first mixed-reality guide on the mixed-reality device. The mixed-reality data includes spatial telemetry data collected for at least one step of the first mixed-reality guide. A presentation that is based on the mixed-reality data is provided. The first mixed-reality guide is enabled to be altered based on the mixed-reality data.

Abstract: Nanopore arrays are fabricated by controlled breakdown in solid-state membranes integrated within polydimethyl-siloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices. This technique enables the scalable production of independently addressable nanopores. By confining the electric field within the microfluidic architecture, nanopore fabrication is precisely localized and electrical noise is significantly reduced during sensing.

Abstract: Nanopore arrays are fabricated by controlled breakdown in solid-state membranes integrated within polydimethyl-siloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices. This technique enables the scalable production of independently addressable nanopores. By confining the electric field within the microfluidic architecture, nanopore fabrication is precisely localized and electrical noise is significantly reduced during sensing.

Abstract: A method is provided for precisely enlarging a nanopore formed in a membrane. The method includes: applying an electric potential across the nanopore, where the electric potential has a pulsed waveform oscillating between a high value and a low value; measuring current flowing though the nanopore while the electric potential is being applied to the nanopore at a low value; determining size of the nanopore based in part on the measured current; and removing the electric potential applied to the membrane when the size of the nanopore corresponds to a desired size.

Abstract: Method for measuring a target particle property. A suspended microchannel resonator is calibrated to determine the relationship between a detected mass and a resonance frequency shift of the resonator. The target particle is suspended in a fluid and introduced into the resonator, and the resonator frequency shift due to the particle is measured. Target particle mass is calculated from the resonator frequency shift, the target particle density, and the fluid density. A target particle property such as size or volume is determined from the calculated target particle mass.

Abstract: A method is provided for precisely enlarging a nanopore formed in a membrane. The method includes: applying an electric potential across the nanopore, where the electric potential has a pulsed waveform oscillating between a high value and a low value; measuring current flowing though the nanopore while the electric potential is being applied to the nanopore at a low value; determining size of the nanopore based in part on the measured current; and removing the electric potential applied to the membrane when the size of the nanopore corresponds to a desired size.

Abstract: Mass cytometry method. In one aspect, the method includes providing a sample having at least one cell type and mixing the sample with material such as nanoparticles functionalized with affinity molecules for the at least one cell type. The sample is transported through a suspended microchannel resonator to record a mass histogram and a cell count for the at least one cell type is determined from the histogram.

Abstract: Method for measuring a target particle property. A suspended microchannel resonator is calibrated to determine the relationship between a detected mass and a resonance frequency shift of the resonator. The target particle is suspended in a fluid and introduced into the resonator, and the resonator frequency shift due to the particle is measured. Target particle mass is calculated from the resonator frequency shift, the target particle density, and the fluid density. A target particle property such as size or volume is determined from the calculated target particle mass.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for improving measurements of particle or cell characteristics, such as mass, in Suspended Microchannel Resonators (SMR's). Apparatus include in particular designs for trapping particles in SMR's for extended measurement periods and for changing the fluid properties within the SMR during the extended periods. Methods include techniques to provide for cell growth over time and over time in response to changing fluid properties to aid in determining parameters such as drug resistance and drug susceptibility.

Abstract: Method for measuring a target particle property. A suspended microchannel resonator is calibrated to determine the relationship between a detected mass and a resonance frequency shift of the resonator. The target particle is suspended in a fluid and introduced into the resonator, and the resonator frequency shift due to the particle is measured. Target particle mass is calculated from the resonator frequency shift, the target particle density, and the fluid density. A target particle property such as size or volume is determined from the calculated target particle mass.

Abstract: Microsystem for monitoring cell growth. A microfluidic structure is designed to allow cells to circulate therethrough and the microfluidic structure includes modules to monitor mass, mass density and fluorescence of the cell.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for improving measurements of particle or cell characteristics, such as mass, in Suspended Microchannel Resonators (SMR's). Apparatus include in particular designs for trapping particles in SMR's for extended measurement periods and for changing the fluid properties within the SMR during the extended periods. Methods include techniques to provide for cell growth over time and over time in response to changing fluid properties to aid in determining parameters such as drug resistance and drug susceptibility.

Abstract: Mass cytometry method. In one aspect, the method includes providing a sample having at least one cell type and mixing the sample with material such as nanoparticles functionalized with affinity molecules for the at least one cell type. The sample is transported through a suspended microchannel resonator to record a mass histogram and a cell count for the at least one cell type is determined from the histogram.

Abstract: Method for measuring a target particle property. A suspended microchannel resonator is calibrated to determine the relationship between a detected mass and a resonance frequency shift of the resonator. The target particle is suspended in a fluid and introduced into the resonator, and the resonator frequency shift due to the particle is measured. Target particle mass is calculated from the resonator frequency shift, the target particle density, and the fluid density. A target particle property such as size or volume is determined from the calculated target particle mass.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a device and method for real-time, direct detection of heparin in buffer and in serum comprising a microfluidic field-effect device as an affinity biosensor. The sensor is based on an electrolyte-insulator-silicon structure, and is manufactured by a standard high-yield silicon microfabrication process. The binding of heparin to the sensor surface induces a change in the insulator-electrolyte surface potential, which is measured as a change in sensor capacitance. To ensure the binding selectivity, protamine and antithrombin III are used as affinity probes.