Abstract: Multimeric hybrid genes encoding the corresponding chimeric protein comprise a gene sequence coding for an antigenic region of a protein from a first pathogen linked to a gene sequence coding for an antigenic region of a protein from a second pathogen. The pathogens particularly are parainfluenza virus (PIV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). A single recombinant immunogen is capable of protecting infants and similar susceptible individuals against diseases caused by both PIV and RSV.

Abstract: An immunogenic composition capable of producing a respiratory syncytial (RS) virus specific immune response in a host immunized therewith comprises purified, inactivated RS virus which is substantially free from cellular and serum components and which is non-infectious, non-immunopotentiating, immunogenic and protective. The virus is grown on a vaccine quality cell line and harvested virus is purified under non-denaturing conditions to be substantially free from cellular and serum components. The purified RS virus is inactivated using ?-propiolactone, a non-ionic detergent, particularly n-octyl-?-D-glucopyranoside and n-octyl-?-D-glucopyranoside, or ascorbic acid. The immunogenic composition may be formulated as a vaccine for in vivo administration to a human host. The immunogenic composition also may be used in diagnostic applications.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward methods for the production of non-infectious, replication-deficient, immunogenic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-like particles. These particles are prepared from a recombinant expression vector comprising a heterologous promoter operatively connected to a DNA molecule comprising a modified HIV genome devoid of the long terminal repeat (LTR) regulatory regions but containing at least the gag and pol genes in their natural genomic arrangement. This vector is introduced into mammalian cells to produce the particles of interest. These particles should prove useful in a number of diagnostic, virologic, and immunologic applications.

Abstract: Immunogenic envelope glycoproteins are produced from enveloped virus, such as of the paramyxoviridae family, particularly PIV-3 and RSV, by culturing the virus in the substantial absence of exogenous serum proteins, isolating the virus from the tissue culture, solubilizing the envelope glycoproteins and isolating the solubilized envelope glycoproteins by chromatography.

Abstract: An immunogenic composition capable of producing a respiratory syncytial (RS) virus specific immune response in a host immunized therewith comprises purified, inactivated RS virus which is substantially free from cellular and serum components and which is non-infectious, non-immunopotentiating, immunogenic and protective. The virus is grown on a vaccine quality cell line and harvested virus is purified under non-denaturing conditions to be substantially free from cellular and serum components. The purified RS virus is inactivated using &bgr;-propiolactone, a non-ionic detergent, particularly n-octyl-&agr;-D-glucopyranoside and n-octyl-&bgr;D-glucopyranoside, or ascorbic acid. The immunogenic composition may be formulated as a vaccine for in vivo administration to a human host. The immunogenic composition also may be used in diagnostic applications.

Abstract: Immunogenic conjugate molecules comprising at least a portion of a capsular polysaccharide of a Streptococcus strain linked to at least a portion of an outer membrane protein of a Haemophilus strain are provided in which the immunogenicity of the capsular polysaccharide is increased. Particularly capsular polysaccharide from Streptococcus pneumoniae are linked to an outer membrane protein of a Haemophilus influenzae strain, which protein may be the P1, P2 or particularly the P6 outer membrane protein. Conjugate molecules comprising the P6 protein linked to a capsular polysaccharide from an encapsulated pathogen other than Streptococcus also are described, in which the immunogenicity of the capsular polysaccharide is enhanced. Such conjugate molecules may be incorporated into immunogenic compositions for protecting a host against disease caused by the Streptococcus strain and preferably also the Haemophilus strain.

Abstract: Immunogenic envelope glycoproteins are produced from enveloped virus, such as of the paramyxoviridae family, particularly PIV-3 and RSV, by culturing the virus in the substantial absence of exogenous serum proteins, isolating the virus from the tissue culture, solubilizing the envelope glycoproteins and isolating the solubilized envelope glycoproteins by chromatography.

Abstract: An immunogenic retrovirus-like particle which is non-infectious and non-replicating and which is useful as a candidate vaccine component against retroviral infections, including AIDS and ATLL, is produced by genetic engineering. A DNA molecule comprising a retroviral genome devoid of long terminal repeats is incorporated into an expression vector, which is introduced into mammalian cells for expression of the retrovirus-like particle.

Abstract: Immunogenic envelope glycoproteins are produced from enveloped virus, such as of the paramyxoviridae family, particularly PIV-3 and RSV, by culturing the virus in the substantial absence of exogenous serum proteins, isolating the virus from the tissue culture, solubilizing the envelope glycoproteins and isolating the solubilized envelope glycoproteins by chromatography.

Abstract: Immunogenic conjugate molecules comprising at least a portion of a capsular polysaccharide of a Streptococcus strain linked to at least a portion of an outer membrane protein of a Haemophilus strain are provided in which the immunogenicity of the capsular polysaccharide is increased. Particularly capsular polysaccharide from Streptococcus pneumoniae are linked to an outer membrane protein of a Haemophilus influenzae strain, which protein may be the P1, P2 or particularly the P6 outer membrane protein. Conjugate molecules comprising the P6 protein linked to a capsular polysaccharide from an encapsulated pathogen other than Streptococcus also are described, in which the immunogenicity of the capsular polysaccharide is enhanced. Such conjugate molecules may be incorporated into immunogenic compositions for protecting a host against disease caused by the Streptococcus strain and preferably also the Haemophilus strain.

Abstract: An expression system for expressing gene products from recombinant Bordetella strains and specific nucleic acid molecules useful in transforming Bordetella strains for such expression are described. A nucleic acid molecule may comprise a Bordetella promoter operatively coupled to a heterologous gene encoding a non-Bordetella gene product with the heterologous gene transcriptionally regulated by the Bordetella promoter. The nucleic acid molecule may further comprise a further nucleic acid molecule encoding a leader sequence for secretion of the non-Bordetella gene product. Another nucleic acid molecule may comprise a Bordetella promoter coupled to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a non-Bordetella leader sequence for secretion of a gene product, which may be a Bordetella gene product or a non-Bordetella gene product.

Abstract: An isolated and purified non-denatured outer membrane protein CD which is that of or corresponds to that isolatable from a Branhamella strain, particularly B. catarrhalis, is isolated from a bacterial strain by fractionating a cell lysate formed by disrupting a cell mass of the bacterial strain by centrifugation to provide a pellet and a discard supernatant containing a large proportion of soluble bacterial proteins. The pellet is selectively extracted to remove the remaining soluble proteins, the membrane proteins other than CD and other contaminants such as lipopolysaccharide and phospholipids. The remaining CD-containing pellet is dispersed and solubilized and then fractionated by centrifugation to remove the remaining cell debris.

Abstract: An expression system for expressing gene products from recombinant Bordetella strains and specific nucleic acid molecules useful in transforming Bordetella strains for such expression are described. A nucleic acid molecule may comprise a Bordetella promoter operatively coupled to a heterologous gene encoding a non-Bordetella gene product with the heterologous gene transcriptionally regulated by the Bordetella promoter. The nucleic acid molecule may further comprise a further nucleic acid molecule encoding a leader sequence for secretion of the non-Bordetella gene product. Another nucleic acid molecule may comprise a Bordetella promoter coupled to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a non-Bordetella leader sequence for secretion of a gene product, which may be a Bordetella gene product or a non-Bordetella gene product.

Abstract: An immunogenic retrovirus-like particle which is non-infectious and non-replicating and which is useful as a candidate vaccine component against retroviral infections, including AIDS and ATLL, is produced by genetic engineering. A DNA molecule comprising a retroviral genome devoid of long terminal repeats is incorporated into an expression vector, which is introduced into mammalian cells for expression of the retrovirus-like particle.

Abstract: An expression system for expressing gene products from recombinant Bordetella strains and specific nucleic acid molecules useful in transforming Bordetella strains for such expression are described. A nucleic acid molecule may comprise a Bordetella promoter operatively coupled to a heterologous gene encoding a non-Bordetella gene product with the heterologous gene transcriptionally regulated by the Bordetella promoter. The nucleic acid molecule may further comprise a further nucleic acid molecule encoding a leader sequence for secretion of the non-Bordetella gene product. Another nucleic acid molecule may comprise a Bordetella promoter coupled to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a non-Bordetella leader sequence for secretion of a gene product, which may be a Bordetella gene product or a non-Bordetella gene product.

Abstract: This invention is directed toward nucleic acids encoding self-assembled, non-infectious, non-replicating, immunogenic retrovirus-like particles comprising modified HIV-1 genomes devoid of long terminal repeats and containing nucleotide sequences encoding chimeric envelope glycoproteins. Retrovirus-like particles containing chimeric envelope glycoproteins were expressed in mammalian cells by using inducible promoters. One preferred embodiment discloses the engineering of a series of expression vectors in which a synthetic oligomer encoding gp120 residues 306 to 328 (amino acids YNKRKRIHIGP GRAFYTTKNIIG) from the V3 loop of the MN viral isolate was inserted at various positions within the endogenous HIV-1.sub.LAI env gene. Expression studies revealed that insertion of the heterologous V3(MN) loop segment resulted in the secretion of fully assembled HIV-like particles containing chimeric LAI/MN envelope glycoproteins. Both V3 loop epitopes were recognized by loop-specific neutralizing antibodies.

Abstract: This invention is directed toward self-assembled, non-infectious, non-replicating, immunogenic retrovirus-like particles comprising modified HIV-1 genomes devoid of long terminal repeats and containing nucleotide sequences encoding chimeric envelope glycoproteins. Retrovirus-like particles containing chimeric envelope glycoproteins were expressed in mammalian cells by using inducible promoters. One preferred embodiment discloses the engineering of a series of expression vectors in which a synthetic oligomer encoding gp120 residues 306 to 328 (amino acids YNKRKRIHIGP GRAFYTTKNIIG) from the V3 loop of the MN viral isolate was inserted at various positions within the endogenous HIV-1.sub.LAI env gene. Expression studies revealed that insertion of the heterologous V3(MN) loop segment resulted in the secretion of fully assembled HIV-like particles containing chimeric LAI/MN envelope glycoproteins. Both V3 loop epitopes were recognized by loop-specific neutralizing antibodies.

Abstract: This invention is directed toward diagnostic kits and antigens useful for the detection of viral antigens in a test sample. The kit contains antigens obtained from self-assembled, non-infectious, non-replicating, immunogenic retrovirus-like particles comprising modified HIV-1 genomes devoid of long terminal repeats and containing nucleotide sequences encoding chimeric envelope glycoproteins. One preferred embodiment discloses the engineering of a series of expression vectors in which a synthetic oligomer encoding gp120 residues 306 to 328 (amino acids YNKRKRIHIGP GRAFYTTKNIIG) from the V3 loop of the MN viral isolate was inserted at various positions within the endogenous HIV-1.sub.LAI env gene. Expression studies revealed that insertion of the heterologous V3(MN) loop segment resulted in the secretion of fully assembled HIV-like particles containing chimeric LAI/MN envelope glycoproteins. Both V3 loop epitopes were recognized by loop-specific neutralizing antibodies.

Abstract: Immunogenic conjugate molecules comprising at least a portion of a capsular polysaccharide of a Streptococcus strain linked to at least a portion of an outer membrane protein of a Haemophilus strain are provided in which the immunogenicity of the capsular polysaccharide is increased. Particularly capsular polysaccharide from Streptococcus pneumoniae are linked to an outer membrane protein of a Haemophilus influenzae strain, which protein may be the P1, P2 or particularly the P6 outer membrane protein. Conjugate molecules comprising the P6 protein linked to a capsular polysaccharide from an encapsulated pathogen other than Streptococcus also are described, in which the immunogenicity of the capsular polysaccharide is enhanced. Such conjugate molecules may be incorporated into immunogenic compositions for protecting a host against disease caused by the Streptococcus strain and preferably also the Haemophilus strain.