Abstract: The invention relates to the use of miRNA-193a for regulating gene expression, particularly it relates to the use of miRNA-193a as a CRT agonist, promoting the cell surface expression of CRT. This allows the advantageous treatment of cancers without or with low surface expression of CRT. The invention further relates to compositions comprising the miRNA for use in such treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of miRNA-193a for regulating gene expression, particularly it relates to the use of miRNA-193a as a PTEN agonist. This allows the advantageous treatment of PTEN-deficient cancers. The invention further relates to compositions comprising the miRNA for use as a PTEN agonist.

Abstract: Disclosed are oligonucleotides having a nucleobase sequence with at least 6 contiguous nucleobases complementary to an equal-length portion within a NR2E3 target nucleic acid. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing the oligonucleotides and methods of their use.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oligonucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 1 or parts thereof, wherein 1 to 4 nucleotides at the 3?-end and/or at the 5?-end of the oligonucleotide are modified at a base, a sugar and/or a phosphate for use in a method of reducing or inhibiting of scarring, of fibrotic closure of the trabeculectomy canal, of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of the trabecular meshwork and/or providing of protecting activity of the optic nerve optionally the optic nerve head. Further, the present invention refers to a pharmaceutical composition comprising such oligonucleotide and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lipid formulation comprising microRNA. The formulation comprises cationic lipids that can form lipid nanoparticles with the microRNA. The formulations are useful in medicine.

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 20 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The selected regions are preferably the region of nucleic acid no. 1380 to 1510, no. 1660 to 1680, no. 2390 to 2410, or no. 2740 to 2810 of the TGF-beta2 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 1, specific regions of the TGF-beta1 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 149, or specific regions of the TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 267. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonucleotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in the prevention and/or treatment of a malignant and/or benign tumor, an immunologic disease, fibrosis, glaucoma, etc.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oligonucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 1 or parts thereof, wherein 1 to 4 nucleotides at the 3?-end and/or at the 5?-end of the oligonucleotide are modified at a base, a sugar and/or a phosphate for use in a method of reducing or inhibiting of scarring, of fibrotic closure of the trabeculectomy canal, of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of the trabecular meshwork and/or providing of protecting activity of the optic nerve optionally the optic nerve head. Further, the present invention refers to a pharmaceutical composition comprising such oligonucleotide and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 20 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonucleotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in a method for the prevention and/or treatment of glaucoma, posterior capsular opacification, dry eye, Marfan or Loeys-Dietz syndrome, riboblastoma, choroidcarcinoma, macular degeneration, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular endma, or cataract.

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 20 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonucleotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in a method for the prevention and/or treatment of glaucoma, posterior capsular opacification, dry eye, Marfan or Loeys-Dietz syndrome, riboblastoma, choroidcarcinoma, macular degeneration, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular endma, or cataract.

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 20 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The selected regions are preferably the region of nucleic acid no. 1380 to 1510, no. 1660 to 1680, no. 2390 to 2410, or no. 2740 to 2810 of the TGF-beta2 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 1, specific regions of the TGF-beta1 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 149, or specific regions of the TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 267. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonucleotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in the prevention and/or treatment of a malignant and/or benign tumor, an immunologic disease, fibrosis, glaucoma, etc.

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 18 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta2 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonucleotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in the prevention and/or treatment of a malignant and/or benign tumor, an immunologic disease, fibrosis, or an ophthalmic disease such as dry eye, glaucoma or posterior capsular opacification (PCO).

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 20 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The selected regions are preferably the region of nucleic acid no. 1380 to 1510, no. 1660 to 1680, no. 2390 to 2410, or no. 2740 to 2810 of the TGF-beta2 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 1, specific regions of the TGF-beta1 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 149, or specific regions of the TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 267. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonucleotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in the prevention and/or treatment of a malignant and/or benign tumor, an immunologic disease, fibrosis, glaucoma, etc.

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 18 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta2 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonucleotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in the prevention and/or treatment of a malignant and/or benign tumor, an immunologic disease, fibrosis, or an ophthalmic disease such as dry eye, glaucoma or posterior capsular opacification (PCO).

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 20 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonucleotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in a method for the prevention and/or treatment of glaucoma, posterior capsular opacification, dry eye, Marfan or Loeys-Dietz syndrome, riboblastoma, choroidcarcinoma, macular degeneration, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular endma, or cataract.

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 20 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonucleotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in a method for the prevention and/or treatment of glaucoma, posterior capsular opacification, dry eye, Marfan or Loeys-Dietz syndrome, riboblastoma, choroidcarcinoma, macular degeneration, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular endma, or cataract.

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 20 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The selected regions are preferably the region of nucleic acid no. 1380 to 1510, no. 1660 to 1680, no. 2390 to 2410, or no. 2740 to 2810 of the TGF-beta2 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 1, specific regions of the TGF-beta1 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 149, or specific regions of the TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 267. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonucleotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in the prevention and/or treatment of a malignant and/or benign tumor, an immunologic disease, fibrosis, glaucoma, etc.

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 18 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta2 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonuc-leotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in the prevention and/or treatment of a malignant and/or benign tumor, an immunologic disease, fibrosis, or an ophthalmic disease such as dry eye, glaucoma or posterior capsular opacification (PCO).

Abstract: The invention refers to an oligonucleotide consisting of 10 to 20 nucleotides of selected regions of the TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3 nucleic acid sequence, which comprises modified nucleotides such as LNA, ENA, polyalkylene oxide-, 2?-fluoro, 2?-O-methoxy and/or 2?-O-methyl modified nucleotides. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such oligonucleotide, wherein the composition or the oligonucleotide is used in a method for the prevention and/or treatment of glaucoma, posterior capsular opacification, dry eye, Marfan or Loeys-Dietz syndrome, riboblastoma, choroidcarcinoma, macular degeneration, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular endma, or cataract.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Processes for the isolating of this bafilomycin metabolite from a novel Micromonospora species, pharmaceutical compositions containing this metabolite and methods of treatment using said metabolite are also described.