Abstract: A process for producing cellulolytic and/or hemicellulolytic enzymes uses the residue from the ethanolic fermentation of enzymatic hydrolyzates of cellulosic or ligno-cellulosic materials. This process may be integrated into a process for the production of ethanol from cellulosic or ligno-cellulosic materials which comprises the following steps: 1) chemical and/or physical pre-treatment of a cellulosic or ligno-cellulosic substrate; 2) enzymatic hydrolysis of the pre-treated substrate using cellulolytic and/or hemicellulolytic enzymes; 3) ethanolic fermentation, by a suitable alcohologenic microorganism, of the hydrolyzate from step (2) and production of a fermentation must; and 4) separation of the alcohologenic microorganism used in step (3), separation/purification of the ethanol and production of an aqueous phase constituting a residue; and in which said residue serves for the production of the cellulolytic and/or hemicellulolytic enzymes used in step 2).

Abstract: A process for producing cellulolytic and/or hemicellulolytic enzymes uses the residue from the ethanolic fermentation of enzymatic hydrolyzates of cellulosic or ligno-cellulosic materials. This process may be integrated into a process for the production of ethanol from cellulosic or ligno-cellulosic materials which comprises the following steps: 1) chemical and/or physical pre-treatment of a cellulosic or ligno-cellulosic substrate; 2) enzymatic hydrolysis of the pre-treated substrate using cellulolytic and/or hemicellulolytic enzymes; 3) ethanolic fermentation, by a suitable alcohologenic microorganism, of the hydrolyzate from step (2) and production of a fermentation must; and 4) separation of the alcohologenic microorganism used in step (3), separation/purification of the ethanol and production of an aqueous phase constituting a residue; and in which said residue serves for the production of the cellulolytic and/or hemicellulolytic enzymes used in step 2).

Abstract: This invention relates to a biological culture comprising at least one bacterial strain that is selected from the group that is formed by Rhodococcus erythropolis CNCM I-2204 Rhodococcus erythropolis CNCM I-2205 Rhodococcus erythropolis CNCM I-2207 Rhodococcus erythropolis CNCM I-2208 Rhodococcus rhodnii CNCM I-2206 able to selectively attack the C—S bonds of organic molecules present in hydrocarbons without substantially altering their carbon structure, and having improved stability. The invention also relates to a process for desulfurization of a hydrocarbon feedstock containing sulfur-containing organic molecules.

Abstract: A process for the production of sophorolipids by a stock of Candida bombicola or apicola in a medium that contains a source of nitrogen and a substrate is described. The process includes a first fermentation cycle that includes a stage of growth of the stock and a stage of production of a fermentation wort. The following stages are carried out at least once:a) a portion of the wort is drawn off;b) a mineral that contains nitrogen is added to the remaining portion to constitute a second medium;c) a new fermentation cycle is carried out from this second medium, and another wort is produced.Sophorolipids are recovered from these worts of stages (a) and (c). The duration of the first and new fermentation cycles is at least 30 hours.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process of producing cellulolytic enzymes by fermentation with the Trichoderma reesei fungus.This process includes two steps:(a) a first step of subjecting to aerobian fermentation a culture medium comprising a strain of Trichoderma reesei, nutrition compounds and a small quantity of cellulose and sugar,(b) a second step of contining the aerobian fermentation by adding soluble sugar at a speed such that the sugar concentration in the fermentation zone remains under 0.3% by weight.The cellulolytic enzymes obtained are used in the enzymatic hydrolysis of a lignocellulosic biomass.