Abstract: The present invention relates to a variation of the clock frequency for pulse-width-modulated actuation of an electrical converter. In this context, the clock frequency can be specifically lowered in an angle range of an electrical period of an AC current to be output. The specific lowering of the clock frequency during predetermined angle ranges of the electrical period allows the load on the switching elements in the converter to be adjusted. As a result, it is possible, by way of example, to adjust the temperature distribution or thermal load in the converter.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and an apparatus for estimating an RMS current (Ic,rms) of an intermediate circuit capacitor (CZWK) for a complete system of a battery (1), an inverter (9) and an N-phase electrical machine (6), wherein, in the complete system, the inverter (9) converts a DC power received from the battery (1) for the purpose of energizing the electrical machine with N phase currents, and wherein the RMS current (Ic,rms) of the intermediate circuit capacitor to be estimated is calculated according to a calculation rule which is supplied with predefined switching times (tLow,off, tHigh,off) of the N phases of the electrical machine, measured phase currents (ISu, ISv, ISw) of N-1 phases or N phases of the electrical machine and a predefined battery direct current (IBatt) as input variables. This makes it possible to exactly estimate the RMS current (Ic,rms) of an intermediate circuit capacitor for any desired pulse patterns for controlling the inverter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for estimating a temperature contribution of an inverter used to energize an electrical machine, in particular a synchronous machine. The method comprises the steps for calculating oscillating temperature swings of components of the inverter; and determining, as the estimated temperature contribution (?T(?), ?Ti(?), (?Td(?)) of the inverter, an upper envelope of an amplitude of a sum of the calculated oscillating temperature swings. The method according to the invention or an apparatus designed to carry out the method can be expanded for the purpose of estimating a temperature or a complete temperature contribution of the inverter and is provided, in particular, for use in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle having an electrical drive without a variable speed gear in order to estimate the operating temperature of vehicle drive power electronics accommodated therein.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and an apparatus for estimating an RMS current (Ic,rms) of an intermediate circuit capacitor (CZWK) for a complete system of a battery (1), an inverter (9) and an N-phase electrical machine (6), wherein, in the complete system, the inverter (9) converts a DC power received from the battery (1) for the purpose of energizing the electrical machine with N phase currents, and wherein the RMS current (Ic,rms) of the intermediate circuit capacitor to be estimated is calculated according to a calculation rule which is supplied with predefined switching times (tLow,off, tHigh,off) of the N phases of the electrical machine, measured phase currents (ISu, ISv, ISw) of N-1 phases or N phases of the electrical machine and a predefined battery direct current (IBatt) as input variables. This makes it possible to exactly estimate the RMS current (Ic,rms) of an intermediate circuit capacitor for any desired pulse patterns for controlling the inverter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for estimating a temperature contribution of an inverter used to energize an electrical machine, in particular a synchronous machine. The method comprises the steps for calculating oscillating temperature swings of components of the inverter; and determining, as the estimated temperature contribution (?T(?), ?Ti(?), (?Td(?)) of the inverter, an upper envelope of an amplitude of a sum of the calculated oscillating temperature swings. The method according to the invention or an apparatus designed to carry out the method can be expanded for the purpose of estimating a temperature or a complete temperature contribution of the inverter and is provided, in particular, for use in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle having an electrical drive without a variable speed gear in order to estimate the operating temperature of vehicle drive power electronics accommodated therein.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a control device for an electric motor having at least one phase. The control device includes a power unit having a first switching element and a first flyback element corresponding to the first switching element and a second switching element and a second flyback element corresponding to the second switching element. The first switching element is designed to couple a corresponding power connection of the motor with a positive supply voltage. The second switching element is designed to couple the corresponding power connection of the motor with a negative supply voltage; and a control unit designed to separately detect a first current flowing through the first switching element or second switching element corresponding to the phase, to detect a second current flowing through the flyback element corresponding to the respective second switching element or first switching element, and to control the switching elements of the power unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method (60) for controlling an inverter (10) using space-vector pulse width modulation, in particular to control an electric machine (14), said inverter (10) being equipped with a plurality of controllable switches (S) and being designed to provide a polyphase electric current (IU, IV, IW), in particular to supply multiphase electric current to an electric machine (14). In said method, a reference phase angle (alpha_R) is predefined, and the inverter (10) is controlled in such a way that a plurality of different successive switching states (V0-V7) is established for the switches (S) in order to provide the electric current (IU, IV, IW) in the form of a current space vector (I*).

Abstract: The invention relates to a control device for an electric motor having at least one phase, said control device comprising: a power unit which, for each phase of the electric motor, has a first switching element and a first flyback element corresponding to the first switching element, as well as a second switching element and a second flyback element corresponding to the second switching element, wherein the respective first switching element is designed to couple a corresponding power connection of the electric motor with a positive supply voltage, and the respective second switching element is designed to couple the corresponding power connection of the electric motor with a negative supply voltage; and a control unit which is designed to separately detect, in each of the phases, a first current flowing through the first switching element or second switching element corresponding to the phase, and which is designed to detect a second current flowing through the flyback element corresponding to the respective

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling an inverter (10) using space-vector pulse width modulation, in particular to control an electric machine (14), the inverter (10) being equipped with a plurality of controllable switches (S) and being designed to provide a polyphase electric current (IU, IV, IW), in particular to supply polyphase electric current (IU, IV, IW) to the electric machine (14).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an electrical machine (1) controlled by an inverter (2), wherein the inverter (2) comprises half-bridge branches (10-U, 10-V, 10-W) having power components in the form of controllable power switching elements (3) and power diodes (4) respectively connected in parallel therewith, wherein each of the half-bridge branches (10-U; 10-V; 10-W) is arranged on a separate semiconductor module (11-U; 11-V; 11-W), which are arranged jointly on a baseplate (12), wherein the phase currents (1_U, 1_V, 1_W) flowing through the half-bridge branches (10-U, 10-V, 10-W), the voltages present at the power components and temperatures (t_Sens_U, t_Sens_V, t_Sens_W) on the semiconductor modules (11-U, 11-V, 11-W) are determined, from the current (1_U; 1_V; 1_W) respectively flowing at a power component and from the voltage respectively present a power loss (P) is calculated for each of the power components, from the power losses (P) a relevant temperature swing (?t; ?t_Sens) is determ

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling an inverter (10) using space-vector pulse width modulation, in particular to control an electric machine (14), the inverter (10) being equipped with a plurality of controllable switches (S) and being designed to provide a polyphase electric current (IU, IV, IW), in particular to supply polyphase electric current (IU, IV, IW) to the electric machine (14).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method (60) for controlling an inverter (10) using space-vector pulse width modulation, in particular to control an electric machine (14), said inverter (10) being equipped with a plurality of controllable switches (S) and being designed to provide a polyphase electric current (IU, IV, IW), in particular to supply multiphase electric current to an electric machine (14). In said method, a reference phase angle (alpha_R) is predefined, and the inverter (10) is controlled in such a way that a plurality of different successive switching states (V0-V7) is established for the switches (S) in order to provide the electric current (IU, IV, IW) in the form of a current space vector (I*).

Abstract: A composite component includes a first joining partner, at least one second joining partner and a first joining layer situated between the first joining partner and the second joining partner. In addition to the first joining layer, at least one second joining layer is provided between the first and the second joining partner; and at least one intermediate layer is situated between the first and the second joining layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an electrical machine (1) controlled by an inverter (2), wherein the inverter (2) comprises half-bridge branches (10-U, 10-V, 10-W) having power components in the form of controllable power switching elements (3) and power diodes (4) respectively connected in parallel therewith, wherein each of the half-bridge branches (10-U; 10-V; 10-W) is arranged on a separate semiconductor module (11-U; 11-V; 11-W), which are arranged jointly on a baseplate (12), wherein the phase currents (1_U, 1_V, 1_W) flowing through the half-bridge branches (10-U, 10-V, 10-W), the voltages present at the power components and temperatures (t_Sens_U, t Sens_V, t_Sens_W) on the semiconductor modules (11-U, 11-V, 11-W) are determined, from the current (1_U; 1_V; 1_W) respectively flowing at a power component and from the voltage respectively present a power loss (P) is calculated for each of the power components, from the power losses (P) a relevant temperature swing (?t; ?t_Sens) is determ

Abstract: A composite component includes a first joining partner, at least one second joining partner and a first joining layer situated between the first joining partner and the second joining partner. In addition to the first joining layer, at least one second joining layer is provided between the first and the second joining partner; and at least one intermediate layer is situated between the first and the second joining layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for operating an electrically powered device in a packer using the piping structure of the well as an electrical conductor for providing power and/or communications. The electrically powered device may comprise an electrically controllable valve, a communications and control module, a modem, a sensor, and/or a tracer injection module.

Abstract: A reservoir production control system includes a plurality of wells for producing a reservoir linked to a central computer over a downhole communication network and a surface communication network. Both the downhole and the surface communication networks are wireless communications paths for transmitting downhole data and surface data to the central computer. Both networks include a series of interconnected tubing or pipe that allows transmission of data over electrically isolated portions of the pipe and tubing. After integrating and analyzing all relevant data and comparing the data with a reservoir model, the central computer initiates changes in a plurality of downhole control devices associated with the wells, thereby optimizing the production of the reservoir.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus is provided for supplying power and communications within a first piping structure. An external power transfer device is positioned around the first piping structure and is magnetically coupled to an internal power transfer device. The internal power transfer device is positioned around a second piping structure disposed within the first piping structure. A main surface current flowing on the first piping structure induces a first surface current within the external power transfer device. The first surface current causes a second surface current to be induced within the internal power transfer device.

Abstract: A petroleum well for producing petroleum products that incorporates a system adapted to provide power to a downhole device in the well. The system includes a current impedance device and a downhole power storage device. The current impedance device is positioned such that when a time-varying electrical current is transmitted through the portion of a piping structure and/or a voltage potential forms between one side of the current impedance device and another side of the current impedance device. The device is adapted to be electrically connected to the piping structure and/or across the voltage potential formed by the current impedance device, is adapted to be recharged by the electrical current, and is adapted to be electrically connected to the downhole device to provide power to the downhole device as needed.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods of electrically controlling downhole well interval inflow and/or injection. The downhole controllable well section having a communications and control module, a sensor, an electrically controllable valve and an induction choke. The electrically controllable valve is adapted to regulate flow between an exterior of the tubing and an interior of the tubing. Power and signal transmission between surface and downhole is carried out via the tubing and/or the casing. When there are multiple downhole controllable well sections, flow inhibitors separate the well sections.