Abstract: There may be provided a method of decoding a received set of encoded data representing information that has been compressed, wherein the encoded data set is divided into a hierarchy of subsets, the method comprising: decoding at least one first subset to derive a respective set of attribute metadata elements; separately decoding a plurality of second subsets comprising data elements, wherein each second subset describes a region of the information that has been compressed; and, reconstructing the information that has been compressed from the data elements, wherein the region of the information that has been compressed is identified from the attribute metadata elements.

Abstract: There may be provided a method of decoding a received set of encoded data, the method comprising: receiving the encoded data set representing information that has been compressed; identifying from the encoded data set an ordered set of interspersed node symbols and data symbols; processing an ordered tree having a predetermined number of layers from the ordered set of identified node symbols and data symbols, wherein each node symbol comprises a set of indicator elements which indicate if a further symbol is expected later in the dataset for a branch in the tree, such that the ordered set of identified node symbols determine the tree and such that data symbols are arranged in data locations in the tree based on the indicator elements, and wherein each data symbol represents one or more values associated with the information that has been compressed; and, reconstructing the information that has been compressed using the values represented by the data symbols based on location of the data symbols in the ordered

Abstract: There is provided a method of decoding a received set of encoded data, the method comprising: receiving an encoded dataset; identifying from the dataset an ordered set of node symbols and data symbols, wherein a node symbol comprises a predetermined number of elements wherein each element indicates if a subsequent node symbol or data symbol is to be expected in the dataset and a data symbol is a predetermined number of bits which represent an encoded value; constructing, based on said ordered set, an ordered tree having a predetermined number of layers from the identified node symbols and data symbols.

Abstract: A method of decoding a steam of encoded data the method comprising, at a decoder: receiving an encoded dataset comprising multiple tiles; receiving a data structure, said data structure indicative of the amount of data required to encode a plurality of tiles; identifying a portion of the encoded dataset to be decoded by: identifying the tiles associated with the portion to be decoded; determining the location of data related to the tiles based on the amount of data required to encode said tiles; extracting the identified portion of the encoded dataset from the encoded dataset; and decoding said identified portion of the encoded data set.

Abstract: There may be provided a method of decoding a received set of encoded data, the method comprising: receiving the encoded data set representing information that has been compressed; identifying from the encoded data set an ordered set of interspersed node symbols and data symbols; processing an ordered tree having a predetermined number of layers from the ordered set of identified node symbols and data symbols, wherein each node symbol comprises a set of indicator elements which indicate if a further symbol is expected later in the dataset for a branch in the tree, such that the ordered set of identified node symbols determine the tree and such that data symbols are arranged in data locations in the tree based on the indicator elements, and wherein each data symbol represents one or more values associated with the information that has been compressed; and, reconstructing the information that has been compressed using the values represented by the data symbols based on location of the data symbols in the ordered

Abstract: There may be provided a method of decoding a received set of encoded data representing information that has been compressed, the method comprising: obtaining, a set of attribute indicators from the data set, each indicator of the set of indicators is associated with a subset of the data set; and, decoding a plurality of subsets of the data set, comprising: retrieving decoding parameters for each subset according to the attribute indicator associated with each subset; and, decoding each subset according to the retrieved decoding parameters for each subset.

Abstract: There is provided a method of decoding a received set of encoded data, the method comprising: receiving an encoded dataset; identifying from the dataset an ordered set of node symbols and data symbols, wherein a node symbol comprises a predetermined number of elements wherein each element indicates if a subsequent node symbol or data symbol is to be expected in the dataset and a data symbol is a predetermined number of bits which represent an encoded value; constructing, based on said ordered set, an ordered tree having a predetermined number of layers from the identified node symbols and data symbols.

Abstract: A method of decoding a stream of encoded data the method comprising, at a decoder: receiving an encoded dataset comprising multiple tiles; receiving a data structure, said data structure indicative of the amount of data required to encode a plurality of tiles; identifying a portion of the encoded dataset to be decoded by: identifying the tiles associated with the portion to be decoded; determining the location of data related to the tiles based on the amount of data required to encode said tiles; extracting the identified portion of the encoded dataset from the encoded dataset; and decoding said identified portion of the encoded data set.

Abstract: There may be provided a method of decoding a received set of encoded data representing information that has been compressed, the method comprising: obtaining, a set of attribute indicators from the data set, each indicator of the set of indicators is associated with a subset of the data set; and, decoding a plurality of subsets of the data set, comprising: retrieving decoding parameters for each subset according to the attribute indicator associated with each subset; and, decoding each subset according to the retrieved decoding parameters for each subset.

Abstract: There may be provided a method of decoding a received set of encoded data representing information that has been compressed, wherein the encoded data set is divided into a hierarchy of subsets, the method comprising: decoding at least one first subset to derive a respective set of attribute metadata elements; separately decoding a plurality of second subsets comprising data elements, wherein each second subset describes a region of the information that has been compressed; and, reconstructing the information that has been compressed from the data elements, wherein the region of the information that has been compressed is identified from the attribute metadata elements.

Abstract: Signal data is processed at an encoder device. A representation of a signal at a first level of quality is obtained. The representation at the first level is upsampled using an upsampler in the encoder device to derive a preliminary representation of the signal at a second, higher level of quality. Adjustment data is derived using the representation at the first level as an input to an upsampling adjuster arranged in parallel with the upsampler in the encoder device. The adjustment data is useable by the encoder device to adjust the preliminary representation. The preliminary representation and the adjustment data are used to derive an adjusted representation of the signal at the second level. Residual data useable by a decoder device is derived, using the adjusted representation, to reconstruct a reference representation of the signal at the second level using the adjusted representation.

Abstract: Encoding a video data stream comprising a first and second frame of video data, encoding comprising the steps of: obtaining motion prediction data for a plurality of pixels, the motion prediction data indicative of the predicted relative motion of the plurality of pixels between the first and second frames of video data; obtaining a data mask comprising data indicative of relative weights to be applied for predicting pixels for the second frame; determining update data to define a relative difference between a plurality of pixels in the first frame and a corresponding plurality of pixels in the second frame, wherein said update data is based on a weighted scaling of the motion prediction data and the second frame of video data, said weighted scaling based on the data mask; and encoding the video data stream comprising at least the first frame of video data and the update data.

Abstract: There may be provided a method of decoding a received set of encoded data representing information that has been compressed, wherein the encoded data set is divided into a hierarchy of subsets, the method comprising: decoding at least one first subset to derive a respective set of attribute metadata elements; separately decoding a plurality of second subsets comprising data elements, wherein each second subset describes a region of the information that has been compressed; and, reconstructing the information that has been compressed from the data elements, wherein the region of the information that has been compressed is identified from the attribute metadata elements.

Abstract: A first value of a first data element (311) in a first set of data elements (310) is obtained, the first set of data elements being based on a first time sample of a signal. A second value of a second data element (321) in a second set of data elements (320) is obtained, the second set of data elements being based on a second, later time sample of the signal. A measure of similarity is derived between the first value and the second value. Based on the derived measure, a quantisation parameter useable in performing quantisation on data based on the first time sample of the signal is determined. Output data is generated using the quantisation parameter.

Abstract: A method of decoding a received set of encoded data representing information that has been compressed, wherein the encoded data set is divided into a hierarchy of subsets, is provided. The method comprises: obtaining, from at least one first subset, a respective set of offset values; and decoding a plurality of second subsets, each comprising a data structure of metadata and data, to derive a series of data values, wherein each second subset corresponds to a region of the information that has been compressed. Each offset value is associated with a second subset and indicates a relative position within the encoded data set that corresponds to the earliest element of the associated second subset with respect to the position within the encoded data set that corresponds to an element of another subset of the hierarchy of subsets.

Abstract: There may be provided a method of decoding a received set of encoded data, the method comprising: receiving the encoded data set representing information that has been compressed; identifying from the encoded data set an ordered set of interspersed node symbols and data symbols; processing an ordered tree having a predetermined number of layers from the ordered set of identified node symbols and data symbols, wherein each node symbol comprises a set of indicator elements which indicate if a further symbol is expected later in the dataset for a branch in the tree, such that the ordered set of identified node symbols determine the tree and such that data symbols are arranged in data locations in the tree based on the indicator elements, and wherein each data symbol represents one or more values associated with the information that has been compressed; and, reconstructing the information that has been compressed using the values represented by the data symbols based on location of the data symbols in the ordered

Abstract: A method of decoding a received set of encoded data is provided. The set of encoded data represents information that comprises a plurality of data elements having values within a range of values and that has been compressed by way of entropy encoding. The method comprises: receiving data comprising the set of encoded data and a set of banded distribution data, wherein the set of banded distribution data comprises one or more pairs of values, each pair comprising a sub-range value indicating a respective sub range of the range of values and a probability value representing a probability of a data element of the plurality of data elements having a value within the respective sub-range; and reconstructing the information that has been compressed, by way of performing entropy decoding, based upon a probability distribution defined by the set of banded distribution data, upon the set of encoded data.

Abstract: Signal data is processed at an encoder device (108). A representation of a signal at a first level of quality is obtained. The representation at the first level is upsampled using an upsampler in the encoder device (108) to derive a preliminary representation of the signal at a second, higher level of quality. Adjustment data is derived using the representation at the first level as an input to an upsampling adjuster arranged in parallel with the upsampler in the encoder device (108). The adjustment data is useable by the encoder device (108) to adjust the preliminary representation. The preliminary representation and the adjustment data are used to derive an adjusted representation of the signal at the second level. Residual data useable by a decoder device (110) is derived, using the adjusted representation, to reconstruct a reference representation of the signal at the second level using the adjusted representation.

Abstract: There may be provided a method of decoding a received set of encoded data representing information that has been compressed, the method comprising: obtaining, a set of attribute indicators from the data set, each indicator of the set of indicators is associated with a subset of the data set; and, decoding a plurality of subsets of the data set, comprising: retrieving decoding parameters for each subset according to the attribute indicator associated with each subset; and, decoding each subset according to the retrieved decoding parameters for each subset.

Abstract: First compressed data is decoded to obtain a representation of an image at a first level of quality which is output for display. In response to a predetermined trigger event, second compressed data is decoded to obtain reconstruction data, and the reconstruction data is used to reconstruct a representation of part of the image at a second, higher level of quality using the representation at the first level of quality. The representation of part of the image is output for display at the second level of quality.