Abstract: A backlight includes an extended light source adapted to emit light. A reflective polarizer is disposed on the extended light source, such that for substantially normally incident light and for at least a first wavelength in a range from about 420 nanometer (nm) to about 650 nm, the reflective polarizer reflects at least 60% of the incident light having a first polarization state and transmits at least 60% of the incident light having an orthogonal second polarization state. A first prismatic film is disposed between the extended light source and the reflective polarizer. A retarder layer is disposed between the reflective polarizer and the first prismatic film, such that for substantially normally incident light at a wavelength of about 550 nm, the retarder layer has a retardance nW, where n is an integer ?1 and W is a wavelength between about 160 nm and about 300 nm.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for coloring gelatin-based formulations involving adding a saturated fatty acid to the gelatin-based formulation along with lake pigment, whereby the saturated fatty acid is added in an amount so as to prevent cross-linking between the gelatin-based formulations and the aluminum cations released by the lake pigments. Preferably, this amount is about 10% to about 300% by weight of the added lake pigment content. With this process, the resulting colored gelatin exhibits acceptable machineability characteristics and disintegration. As an example, the colored gelatin produced by this process has a viscosity of less than approximately 10,000 cP at about 60° C. Additionally, the present invention is a gelatin-based formulation made from the above-described process. The gelatin-based formulation includes gelatin, lake pigment(s), and a sufficient amount of fatty acid to prevent cross-linking between the gelatin and the cations released from the lake pigment(s).