Abstract: A train detection system includes transmitters receivers connected to a track circuit for transmitting and receiving a train detecting signal to and from the track circuit, and a control device on the ground, which transmits the train detecting signal to the transmitter and receives the train detection signal from the receiver. The transmitter adds a first unique code data to the train detecting signal received from the control device and transmits the same to the track circuit, and the receiver adds a second unique code data to the train detecting signal being added of the first unique code data received from the track circuit and transmits the same to the control device. The control device on the ground includes a storage portion and a collating portion which collates whether the first and second unique code data received from the receiver coincide with data stored in advance in the storage portion.

Abstract: A train detection system includes transmitters receivers connected to a track circuit for transmitting and receiving a train detecting signal to and from the track circuit, and a control device on the ground, which transmits the train detecting signal to the transmitter and receives the train detection signal from the receiver. The transmitter adds a first unique code data to the train detecting signal received from the control device and transmits the same to the track circuit, and the receiver adds a second unique code data to the train detecting signal being added of the first unique code data received from the track circuit and transmits the same to the control device. The control device on the ground includes a storage portion and a collating portion which collates whether the first and second unique code data received from the receiver coincide with data stored in advance in the storage portion.

Abstract: A transmitter and receiver device used together with a control device provided on ground, which performs detection of a train, performs transmission and reception of a train detecting signal, and collates data added to a received train detection signal with predetermined data. A transmitter, to be connected to a track circuit, transmits a train detecting signal, to the track circuit, and a receiver, to be connected to the track circuit, receives the train detecting signal from the track circuit. The transmitter adds a first unique code to the train detecting signal transmitted from the control device provided on the ground and transmits the same to the track circuit. The receiver adds a second unique code to the train detecting signal which was the first unique code added thereto and received from the track circuit and transmits the same to the control device provided on the ground.

Abstract: A transmitter and receiver device used together with a control device provided on ground, which performs detection of a train, performs transmission and reception of a train detecting signal, and collates data added to a received train detection signal with predetermined data. A transmitter, to be connected to a track circuit, transmits a train detecting signal, to the track circuit, and a receiver, to be connected to the track circuit, receives the train detecting signal from the track circuit. The transmitter adds a first unique code to the train detecting signal transmitted from the control device provided on the ground and transmits the same to the track circuit. The receiver adds a second unique code to the train detecting signal which was the first unique code added thereto and received from the track circuit and transmits the same to the control device provided on the ground.

Abstract: A train detection system and method in which a transmitter transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver receives the train detecting signal, and a control device on the ground which is connectable to the transmitter and transmits the train detecting signal to the transmitter and receives the train detecting signal from the receiver. The transmitter adds first unique code data to the train detecting signal transmitted from control device on the ground and the receiver adds second unique code data to the train detecting signal. The control device on the ground collates whether the first unique code data and the second unique code data received from said receiver coincide with predetermined data contents.

Abstract: A train detection system includes a transmitter which transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver, and a wayside controller connectable to the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter adds a first unique code assigned to the transmitter to the train detecting signal received from the wayside controller and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal, and the receiver adds data of a second unique code to the train detecting signal and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal. The wayside controller includes a unique code checker for checking whether or not the first unique code and the second unique code agree with the contents of a predetermined code.

Abstract: A train detection system, having a transmitter which transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver, and a wayside controller connected to the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter adds a first unique code assigned to the transmitter to the train detecting signal received from the wayside controller and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal and the receiver adds data of a second unique code to the train detecting signal and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal. The wayside controller includes a unique code checker for checking whether or not the first unique code and the second unique code agree with the contents of a predetermined code.

Abstract: A train detection system, having a transmitter which transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver, and a wayside controller connected to the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter adds a first unique code assigned to the transmitter to the train detecting signal received from the wayside controller and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal and the receiver adds data of a second unique code to the train detecting signal and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal. The wayside controller includes a unique code checker for checking whether or not the first unique code and the second unique code agree with the contents of a predetermined code.

Abstract: A train detection system, having a transmitter which transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver and a wayside controller connected to the transmitter and the receiver through a data transmission path. The transmitter adds a first unique code assigned to the transmitter to the train detecting signal received from the wayside controller and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal and the receiver adds data of a second unique code to the train detecting signal and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal. The wayside controller includes a unique code checker for checking whether or not the first unique code data and the second unique code data agree with the contents of predetermined data.

Abstract: In a railway information transmission method and system wherein information is transmitted by a consecutive transmission mode between on-vehicle control equipment and ground control equipment, a redundant code which is updated in accordance with a predetermined procedure every transmission processing is affixed to information to-be-communicated, the information being then transmitted, and on a reception side, a logical operation is performed on the redundant code which is contained in the received information and a redundant code which is created on this side and which is updated in a predetermined procedure. Thus, the trouble of a transmission path can be simply found, and further, the safety. of train service based on an automatic train control or the like can be enhanced.

Abstract: A train detection system, having a transmitter which transmits a train detecting signal, a receiver and a wayside controller connected to the transmitter and the receiver through a data transmission path. The transmitter adds a first unique code assigned to the transmitter to the train detecting signal received from the wayside controller and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal and the receiver adds data of a second unique code to the train detecting signal and transmits the thus processed train detecting signal. The wayside controller includes a unique code checker for checking whether or not the first unique code data and the second unique code data agree with the contents of predetermined data.

Abstract: A train detection system, including a transmitter, to be connected to a track circuit, which transmits to the track circuit a train detecting signal for confirming the existence of a train in the track circuit, a receiver, to be connected to the track circuit, which receives the train detecting signal from the transmitter through the track circuit, and a wayside controller. The wayside controller is connected to the transmitter and the receiver through a data transmission path, which transmits the train detecting signal to the transmitter and receives the train detecting signal from the receiver. The wayside controller includes a checker for checking whether or not the train detecting signal, which is received from the receiver, agrees with the contents of predetermined data.

Abstract: A train detection system, including a transmitter, to be connected to a track circuit, which transmits to the track circuit a train detecting signal for confirming the existence of a train in the track circuit, a receiver, to be connected to the track circuit, which receives the train detecting signal from the transmitter through the track circuit, and a wayside controller. The wayside controller is connected to the transmitter and the receiver through a data transmission path, which transmits the train detecting signal to the transmitter and receives the train detecting signal from the receiver. The wayside controller includes a checker for checking whether or not the train detecting signal, which is received from the receiver, agrees with the contents of predetermined data.

Abstract: In a railway information transmission method and system wherein information is transmitted by a consecutive transmission mode between an on-vehicle control equipment and a ground control equipment; a redundant code which is updated in a predetermined procedure every transmission processing is affixed to information to-be-communicated, the information being then transmitted, and on a reception side, the redundant code which is contained in the received information is collated with a redundant code which is created on this side and which is updated in a predetermined procedure.

Abstract: A method for treating liver dysfunction includes administering at least one member selected from a chitin oligosaccharide, a chitosan oligosaccharide and salts thereof, in an effective amount. As the chitin oligosaccharide, preferred is an oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of from 2 to 7. As the chitosan oligosaccharide, preferred is an oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization of from 2 to 8. As the method for administration, it is preferred to add these oligosaccharides to foods, medicines or feeds, and to orally ingest them. However, when used as medicines, administration methods such as intravenous injection and muscular injection may be used.

Abstract: In a railway information transmission method and system wherein information is transmitted by a consecutive transmission mode between on-vehicle control equipment and ground control equipment, a redundant code which is updated in accordance with a predetermined procedure every transmission processing is affixed to information to-be-communicated, the information being then transmitted, and on a reception side, the redundant code which is contained in the received information is correlated with a redundant code which is created on this side and which is updated in a predetermined procedure. Thus, the trouble of a transmission path can be simply found, and further, the safety of train service based on an automatic train control or the like can be enhanced.

Abstract: A train detection system is capable of realizing reliable train detection with a train detection apparatus of simple construction using a track circuit. This is attained by a transmitter 11a adding data of a first unique code to a train detecting signal received from wayside controller 100 and transmitting it to a track circuit; a receiver 11b adding data of a second unique code to the train detecting signal added with the first unique code data received from the track circuit and transmitting it to the wayside controller 100; and the wayside controller 100 checking whether or not the data received from the receiver 11b agrees with predetermined data.

Abstract: A method for treating and improving diabetes and liver dysfunction, can be obtained by administering at least one selected from a chitin oligosaccharide, a chitosan oligosaccharide and salts thereof, in an effective amount. As the chitin oligosaccharide, preferred is one having the degree of polymerization of from 2 to 7. As the chitosan oligosaccharide, preferred is one having the degree of polymerization of from 2 to 8. As the method for administration, it is preferred to add them to e.g. foods, medicines or feeds, and orally ingest them. However, when used as medicines, administration methods such as intravenous injection and muscular injection, may be used.

Abstract: A washing apparatus is compact as well as easy to handle, with which a user can wash down dirt effectively in a short time. Washing liquid supplied from the washing liquid supplying means is made in the form of high-speed jet liquid by a high-speed jet stream spouting means. The high-speed jet liquid is spouted from the aperture of the first cover to wash down dirt by the impact given by the high-speed jet liquid. A washing object is dewatered by gas spouted from the aperture by a blowing means. The high-speed jet stream spouting means is comprised of a rotating object having a plurality of radial shape flow paths extending from a center portion to a circumference of the rotating object, and a liquid supplying portion for supplying washing liquid to a central portion of the radial shape flow paths. A rotating means rotates the rotating object so that washing liquid supplied in the radial shape flow paths is accelerated in the direction of a circumference as well as a radius of the rotating object by rotation.

Abstract: A fuel injection system permits the use of hydraulic control oil as a pressure transmitting medium and enables reliable valve opening and closing performance regardless of operating environment. The housing of the fuel injection system is constituted by a valve main body and a cylinder main body, the flowing channel of fuel being airtightly separated from a pressure control chamber. The cylinder main body incorporates a piezoelectric element, which changes the fluid pressure of the pressure transmitting medium in the pressure control chamber, a piston, and a cylinder having an inflow/outflow hole. A needle valve is installed, penetrating the cylinder main body so that the distal end thereof is located in a needle guide cavity of the valve main body and the other end thereof is located in the cylinder.