Abstract: Supercritical fluid extraction can experience problems of prolonged extraction times and undesired elution of target components of a trap sample. To resolve these problems, a sample is stored in a container (125) disposed upstream of a back-pressure control valve (140). A mixed fluid of carbon dioxide in a supercritical state and a modifier is introduced into the container, and a component contained in the sample is extracted. The extracted component is introduced into a trap column (135) together with the carbon dioxide and the modifier and collected in the trap column. The trap column is loaded with polymer beads as a filler to securely collect an extracted component in the trap column, even when the modifier in the supercritical fluid is increased.

Abstract: Acoustic wave devices and related methods are disclosed. In some embodiments, an acoustic wave device can include a quartz substrate having a first surface, and a piezoelectric plate formed from LiTaO3 or LiNbO3 and having a first surface configured to support a surface acoustic wave and a second surface in engagement with the first surface of the quartz substrate. The second surface of the piezoelectric plate is a minus surface resulting from crystal structure orientation of the piezoelectric plate. The acoustic wave device can further include an interdigital transducer electrode formed on the first surface of the piezoelectric plate and configured to provide transducer functionality associated with the surface acoustic wave.

Abstract: Methods and assemblies related to fabrication of acoustic wave devices. In some embodiments, a method for fabricating an acoustic wave device can include attaching a first surface of a piezoelectric layer, such as a LiTaO3 or LiNbO3 layer, to a handling substrate, and performing a thinning operation on the piezoelectric layer to expose a second surface of a reduced-thickness piezoelectric layer attached to the handling substrate. The method can further include bonding the second surface of the reduced-thickness piezoelectric layer to a first surface of a permanent substrate, and removing the handling substrate from the reduced-thickness piezoelectric layer. The handling substrate can be, for example, a silicon substrate, and the permanent substrate can be, for example, a quartz substrate.

Abstract: A precure tread for a tire has surface grooves facing a tread face, rear grooves facing a crown portion of a base tire, and a passage for communication between the rear grooves to atmosphere. The groove bottom of the rear grooves is located at a higher level than a groove bottom of the surface groove in the radial direction. The tire durability can be considerably improved when this precure tread is applied to a new tire or a retreaded tire.

Abstract: A precure tread for a tire has surface grooves facing a tread face, rear grooves facing a crown portion of a base tire, and a passage for communication between the grooves to atmosphere. The groove bottom of the rear grooves is located at a high level than a groove bottom of the surface groove in the radial direction. The tire durability can be considerably improved when this precure tread is applied to a new tire or a retreated tire.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a pneumatic tire which comprises a case and a tread which covers a crown portion of the case. The tread includes a foamed rubber which has a volume not less than 10% of that of the entire of the tread, and the foamed rubber is formed of a rubber composition which contains rubber components each having a glass transition point not higher than -60.degree. C.

Abstract: A precure tread for a tire has surface grooves facing a tread face, rear grooves facing a crown portion of a base tire, and a passage for communication between the rear grooves to atmosphere. The groove bottom of the rear grooves is located at a higher level than a groove bottom of the surface groove in the radial direction. The tire durability can be considerably improved when this precure tread is applied to a new tire or a retread tire.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a pneumatic tire which comprises a case and a tread which covers a crown portion of the case. The tread includes a foamed rubber which has a volume not less than 10% of that of the entire of the tread, and the foamed rubber is formed of a rubber composition which contains rubber components each having a glass transition point not higher than -60.degree. C.

Abstract: An adhesive for a rubber compound, comprising a water-in-oil emulsion containing a rubber, carbon black, a zinc compound, a tackifier, an organic solvent, a nonionic surfactant and water.

Abstract: Tire filling material having high resilience produced by curing a mixture of(a) a polyoxypropylene polyol having an OH equivalent molecular weight of 900-1,800 and a functionality of 2-4,(b) a polyisocyanate, and(c) a plasticizerin the presence of a catalyst where the equivalent ratio (NCO/OH) of isocyanate groups in component (b) to hydroxyl groups in component (a) is from 0.8-2.0 and the amount of component (c) is 10-200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of component (a).

Abstract: A soft polyurethane elastomer containing isocyanurate ring prepared by reacting polyoxypropylene polyol having an OH equivalent molecular weight of about 500-3,000, and a functionality of about 2-5, and polyisocyanate compound in the presence of tertiary amine catalyst, and if desired further combined with organic tin catalyst. This process is advantageous in facilitation of material control during curing reaction, low exothermicity and high thermal stability of the resulting polymer. Further the properties of the polymer are improved by using ethyleneoxide addition polyoxypropylene polyol instead of the above polymer and a specific tertiary amine as a catalyst. The elastomer thus prepared is significantly suitable for tire filling material.

Abstract: A polyurethane composition having high tear strength has been produced by mixing homogeneously 20 to 50 parts by weight of finely divided acidic silica particles, 100 parts by weight of isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and appropriate parts of curative, and curing the mixture in a manner well known in the prior art, where the ratio (l/d) of average chain distance (l) between adjacent crosslinking points of the cured polyurethane chains to average size (d) of finely divided silica particles is in the range of from 2.5 to 20.

Abstract: Polydiene polyurethanes having high tear strength are obtained by using polydiene glycols, prepared with use of lithium-based catalyst, having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 5,000 and functionality of 1.8 - 2.1, diisocyanates and chain-extending agents, and by controlling chemical cross-link density being 4 .times. 10.sup.-5 mole/cc and less. When the chemical cross-link density is within the above range, elongation and tensile strength in addition to tear strength of the polyurethane are improved significantly. Furthermore, when 10 - 50 parts by weight of the specified carbon black are added to 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the prepolymer, the chain-extending agent and the additive prior to curing the prepolymer, these mechanical properties of the polyurethane are improved further.