Abstract: An aromatic polycarbonate of the present invention is produced by reacting an aromatic dihydroxy compound with a compound capable of introducing a carbonate bond, and has a viscosity-average molecular weight of 12,000 to 40,000 and a content of a cyclic oligomer represented by the formula (1) of not more than 1,000 ppm, in which the percentage of the content of said cyclic oligomer represented by the formula (1) based on the total contents of the cyclic oligomer represented by the formula (1), an oligomer represented by the formula (2) and an oligomer represented by the formula (3) satisfies the following relational formula [I]: 0 < ( 1 ) ( 1 ) + ( 2 )

Abstract: An aromatic polycarbonate composition which has excellent thermal stability and maintains high transparency and a satisfactory hue even at high temperatures. The aromatic polycarbonate composition comprises: a polycarbonate obtained by reacting at least one aromatic dihydroxy compound with a compound capable of incorporating a carbonate bond; and a phosphorus compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein the eight R′s may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted, aliphatic or aromatic, univalent group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A large-capacity optical recording medium, comprisesa track region having a plurality of tracks arranged along the concentric or spiral grooves, the track region being radially divided into annular zones, and each of the tracks being partitioned into plural sectors such that a number of the sectors per track is constant in each zone but the number of the sectors per track differs between among zones, wherein an address designating a specific track and sector is previously recorded as a plurality of prepits, the track region having a user-track region, in which a user can optically record or readout information, and a pair of control-track regions, radially bracketing said user-track region, the control-track region permitting the user to read out information therefrom but not to record information thereon, and wherein the control-track region located radially inward of the user-track region is provided with medium information tracks in which medium information has been recorded as prepits, and the control-tra

Abstract: The disclosure describes a flame-retardant polyester resin composition comprising: (1) 100 parts by weight of a polyester resin which may contain a halogen atom;(2) 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a polyhydric alcohol having not less than 3 hydroxyl groups in the molecule with a hydroxyl group concentration of 1.0.times.10.sup.-2 to 3.5.times.10.sup.-2 eq/g;(3) 0 to 20 parts by weight of an inorganic flame retarding synergist; and(4) 0 to 50 parts by weight of a halogen-based flame retardant,the halogen content in the composition being 0.1 to 20% by weight.

Abstract: A distance measuring device for ensuring accuracy of the positional relationship between the optical axis of a light-receiving lens and the optical center of a light-receiving element obtains distance information data by measuring the distance to a target plate which is 1 meter from the distance measuring device. If the distance information is not smaller than 1.625 meter, a switch is connected to one pair of terminals and the difference between reference output data stored in a control circuit and output data of an AF-IC obtained when the distance to the target plate is measured with the switch connected to the pair of terminals is calculated and stored in a memory circuit. When the value of the distance information data is not greater than 0.375 meter, the switch is connected to another pair of terminals, and output deviation data is stored in the memory circuit 11 in the same way. When the value of the distance information value is smaller than 1.625 meter and greater than 0.

Abstract: A distance measuring apparatus for a camera comprises a light projecting device for projecting light to an object to be photographed, a light receiving circuit for receiving light projected by the light projecting device and reflected by the object to be photographed and for converting the reflected light into first and second output signals, a first selecting device for selecting the first output signal, and a second selecting device for selecting one of the first and second output signals. A first signal processing circuit is connected to the first selecting device for processing the output signal selected by the first selecting device. A second signal processing circuit is connected to the second selecting device for processing the output signal selected by the second selecting device.

Abstract: A distance measuring device for a camera has a near infrared light-projecting element for projecting measuring light to be reflected by an object to be photographed. The reflected measuring light is received as a first light beam image at a first position on a surface of a first light-receiving element. The reflected measuring light reflected by the object is also received as a second light beam image at a second position on a surface of a second light-receiving element. A CPU controls the focusing movement of the lens of the camera by computing a distance to the object depending on the first position, compensating the computed distance depending on the second position, and controlling the focusing movement of the lens based on the compensated computed distance. The CPU compares the second position with a predetermined distance value and inhibits the compensation of the computed distance if it is determined that compensation is not necessary.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electrophotographic photoconductor comprising:a conductive substrate;a charge-generation layer formed on said conductive substrate; anda charge-transport layer formed on said charge-generation layer, said charge-transport layer comprising a charge-transport material and a binder resin which comprises a polycarbonate composed of at least one specified structural unit derived from benzophenone or a derivative thereof and at least one another specified structural unit derived from diphenylmethan or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: A photographic camera has a rectilinear approximate operation circuit for calculating characteristic correction data for correcting errors in the operational characteristics of the camera. Predetermined theoretical characteristic data dependent on operational characteristics of the camera are stored. Measured data corresponding to predetermined measured values are stored as individually measured characteristic data in a nonvolatile EEPROM so that the stored measured data can be easily changed by rewriting the EEPROM. An object signal is generated depending on an object to be photographed. The rectilinear approximate operational circuit calculates characteristic correction data from the object signal, the theoretical characteristic data and the measured characteristic data, which is then used for correcting errors in the operation characteristics of the camera.

Abstract: In a step-up circuit for causing the emission of light of a distance measuring light emitting element, the step-up circuit outputs a step-up voltage from one terminal of a step-up capacitor. A step-up voltage level changeover circuit applies a step-up voltage to the capacitor every time the distance measuring light emitting element emits light that is higher than the step-up voltage in the normal state. The number of parts is reduced by eliminating a separate capacitor for light emission, the space for the circuit is reduced by using the capacitor having a small capacity, the soldering steps for fabrication of the circuit are automated; and the costs for assembly are ameliorated owing to the automation.

Abstract: A novel electrophotographic photoreceptor and a method of preparation therof are disclosed. The photoreceptor is characterized in that the photosensitive layer contain a specific carbonate resin binder resin having a weight average molecular weight on not less than 200,000. The resin is preferably a polycarbonate resin which contains repeating units represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are respectively and independently a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a halogen atom or an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic group; and R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 are respectively and independently a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic group, or form a ring or a carbonyl group together with the linking carbon atom.

Abstract: An auto focus camera produces a distance signal representative of the distance from the camera to an object being photographed. A first storage circuit stores comparative data to be compared with the distance signal, and a comparator circuit compares the distance signal with the comparative data. A second storage circuit stores lens extension amounts corresponding to the comparative data stored in the first storage circuit and outputs a lens extension amount corresponding to the specific comparative data selected by the comparator circuit. A focusing lens is positioned according to the output from the second storage circuit.

Abstract: An auto-focusing device includes a light emitting element for emitting an optical beam to be projected upon an object, an image position detecting element for receiving the optical beam reflected from the object for outputting an image position signal, and range computing circuitry for receiving the image position signal and computing therefrom the range to the object and outputting a corresponding range signal. First and second level deciding circuits decide whether or not the computed data based on the image position signal is at a level validating the computation of the range signal. The level deciding circuits output a remotest or nearer-than-remotest signal dependent upon the computed image position signal if the computed data from the image position signal is not validated. A lens position setting device sets a lens position from either the range signal, the remotest signal or the nearer-than-remotest signal in accordance with the decisions of the first and second level deciding circuits.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter for a camera has a reference signal generating element, a measurement signal generating element, and pulse output means for generating pulses of pule durations corresponding respectively to signals from the generating elements. The generating elements are alternately selected to produce two pulse durations, and the ratio of these two durations is computed by pulse duration ratio computing means. Control information corresponding to the computed ratio is retrieved from memory means.

Abstract: An active rangefinder for use in a camera. The rangefinder has a light-emitting device, a spot light position detector disposed at a given distance from the light-emitting device, head amplifiers, filters having amplification function, synchronous detectors, integrators, an adder, a subtracter, a microcomputer, and an automatic gain control (AGC). The filters are connected to their respective head amplifiers each having an operational amplifier. The gains of the filters are controlled by the AGC according to the output signals from the synchronous detectors.

Abstract: A surface profile analyzer of the present invention is a device chiefly for analyzing the profile of the skin surface of a human. It has a ring-shaped illuminating device for irradiating a predetermined place of a test surface from all peripheral directions thereof, and an image pick-up device for photographing the test surface illuminated by the ring-shaped illuminating device. A digital signal generating device for converting the image signal of the test surface coming from the image pick-up device into a digital signal is used in conjunction with a computer to analyze the surface profile.

Abstract: A novel melanin inhibitor comprising as an active component a p-hydroxycinnamamide derivative of the following general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a 2-hydroxyethyl group, and R.sub.2 represents a hydroxymethyl group or a carboxyl group.The melanin inhibitor may take various forms such as a lotion, an emulsion, a cream, an ointment, a gel and the like, and it is locally applied onto affected parts such as spots and freckles on the skin, and a pigmental deposition after sunburn.

Abstract: A melanin inhibitor comprising as the reactive component a cinnamic acid derivative of the formula (I) or (II): ##STR1## in which R' represents an acyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group or an alkenyl group, and R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group or an alkenyl group.The melanin inhibitors according to the invention are locally applied to affected portions such as of freckles and pigmentary deposits after sunburn without giving any stimulative or allergic troubles to the skin.

Abstract: This invention relates to the measurement of the moisture content retained in the skin, and enables accurate diagnosis of the skin conditions by a device which can be switched in the connection of measurement electrodes to measure the moisture content either in the surface or in the depth of the keratinous layer of the skin.

Abstract: A method of driving the light-emitting devices of a multiple flash rangefinder for use in an autofocus camera in which the rangefinder includes a light-receiving device and an arithmetic processing unit that calculates the distance to the subject from the output signal from the light-receiving device. The light-emitting devices are lit up successively one at a time in such a way that each device emits momentarily and the series of operations is repeated several times.