Abstract: Provided is a soft candy having excellent shape retention and detachability, wherein the soft candy is made from a base composition containing a sugar, a glucide that inhibits crystallization of the sugar, and a thickener, wherein the base composition has a specific gravity of 1.00 to 1.25 g/cm3; and a ratio of the sugar to a total mass of the sugar and the glucide that inhibits crystallization of the sugar in the base composition is from 50 to 75 mass %, or among bubbles present in a cross section of a soft candy produced by shaping the base composition, a total area of bubbles having an area of 0.05 mm2 or greater is 80% or less relative to a total area of the bubbles.

Abstract: The controller performs shift control of the transmission such that an actual pressure of a primary pressure becomes an indicating pressure. The controller includes a phase advance compensator which performs advance compensation of the indicating pressure, and a setting unit which sets an indicating pressure on which the advance compensation is performed by the phase advance compensator as the indicating pressure, in accordance with at least one of a rotation speed of a primary pulley, an input torque to a secondary pulley, a speed ratio, or a changing rate.

Abstract: The controller performs shift control of the transmission such that an actual pressure of a primary pressure becomes an indicating pressure. The controller includes a phase advance compensator which performs advance compensation of the indicating pressure, and a setting unit which sets an indicating pressure on which the advance compensation is performed by the phase advance compensator as the indicating pressure, in accordance with at least one of a rotation speed of a primary pulley, an input torque to a secondary pulley, a speed ratio, or a changing rate.

Abstract: In a control apparatus for a continuously variable transmission that is installed in a vehicle and comprises a continuously variable transmission mechanism, a speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism being modified by modifying a winding radius of a belt sandwiched between pulleys in accordance with an oil pressure supplied to hydraulic cylinders provided on the pulleys, the control apparatus comprises an oil pressure supply unit that supplies a working oil at a predetermined oil pressure, a flow rate control unit that controls a flow rate at which the working oil supplied by the oil pressure supply unit is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder, and flow rate setting part that sets a target oil pressure to be supplied to the hydraulic cylinder, and sets a flow rate at which the working oil is to be caused to flow through the flow rate control unit in order to achieve the target oil pressure.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an automatic transmission includes a control section having a target secondary pressure setting section configured to set a target secondary pressure within a strength limit of the belt, and an operation switching section configured to switch a shift operation from a normal speed to a high speed higher than the normal speed when a predetermined condition is satisfied. The control section is configured to control the secondary pressure regulating valve by a feedback control based on the target secondary pressure and the actual secondary pressure sensed by the hydraulic pressure sensor. The target secondary pressure setting section is configured to modify the target secondary pressure by adding a predetermined quantity when a correction initiation condition is satisfied, the condition initiation including a first condition that the shift operation is performed at a high speed by switching of the operation switching section.

Abstract: A speed ratio change control device for a belt type continuously variable transmission calculates a maximum thrust that can be generated by the primary pulley on the basis of an upper limit value of the line pressure, calculates an upper limit value of a shift speed on the basis of the maximum thrust, and sets the target speed ratio on the basis of the upper limit value of the shift speed.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an automatic transmission includes a control section having a normal control section configured to actuate the step motor at a first speed by using a feedback control including an integral control in accordance with the target pulley ratio and the actual pulley ratio, a high speed control section configured to actuate the step motor at a second speed higher than the first speed by an open loop control based on the target pulley ratio, a judgment section configured to judge whether there is a high speed operation request, and a switch section configured to select the normal control performed by the normal control section at a normal condition, and to switch to the high speed control when a switch start condition is satisfied, the switch start condition including a first condition that the judgment section judges there is the high speed operation request.

Abstract: This invention is a speed ratio change control device for a belt type continuously variable transmission that a minimum generated pressure of the primary pressure is estimated on the basis of a displacement speed of the movable sheave of the primary pulley and an opening area of a drain side passage of the speed ratio change control valve (S4), an upper limit value of a shift speed is calculated on the basis of the minimum generated pressure (S6), and the target speed ratio is set on the basis of the upper limit value of the shift speed (S10).

Abstract: When a speed of a vehicle is less than 8 km/h, an upshift determination condition is established, an idle switch signal is turned off, and a downshift is detected, an operating speed of the step motor is limited. Thereby, since the operating speed of the step motor is limited even when the vehicle is rapidly decelerated and re-accelerated before a pulley ratio is returned to a lowest value Lo, a shift speed of the downshift performed in the re-acceleration is lowered, and no slippage occurs in a V-belt between pulleys.

Abstract: In hydraulic pressure control apparatus and method for a continuously variable transmission, a line pressure of the continuously variable transmission is developed with a working oil supplied from an oil pump as an original pressure, and a command pressure is set to develop a line pressure target value of the target value in such a manner that the command pressure is maintained at a predetermined small value for a constant time and, thereafter, the value of the command pressure is raised up to the target value when a shift range of the continuously variable transmission is switched from a neutral range to a running range, the command pressure being raised at a rate lower than a step input to suppress an overshoot developed in the actual line pressure.

Abstract: This invention is a speed ratio change control device for a belt type continuously variable transmission that a maximum thrust that can be generated by the primary pulley is calculated on the basis of an upper limit value of the line pressure (S3), an upper limit value of a shift speed is calculated on the basis of the maximum thrust (S5), and the target speed ratio is set on the basis of the upper limit value of the shift speed (S9).

Abstract: This invention is a speed ratio change control device for a belt type continuously variable transmission that a minimum generated pressure of the primary pressure is estimated on the basis of a displacement speed of the movable sheave of the primary pulley and an opening area of a drain side passage of the speed ratio change control valve (S4), an upper limit value of a shift speed is calculated on the basis of the minimum generated pressure (S6), and the target speed ratio is set on the basis of the upper limit value of the shift speed (S10).

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus for an automatic transmission with a line pressure regulator valve operative to regulate an oil pressure produced by an oil pump and set a line pressure, the hydraulic control apparatus including a control unit outputting a first command for controlling the line pressure regulator valve to set the line pressure to a minimum value immediately after engine start, and a second command for controlling the line pressure regulator valve to set the line pressure to a target value in accordance with increase in engine speed. The control unit is programmed to set the target value of the line pressure to a value smaller than a maximum value of the line pressure and/or reduce a target speed of engine speed, upon start of the engine in a low temperature condition.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an automatic transmission includes a control section having a target secondary pressure setting section configured to set a target secondary pressure within a strength limit of the belt, and an operation switching section configured to switch a shift operation from a normal speed to a high speed higher than the normal speed when a predetermined condition is satisfied. The control section is configured to control the secondary pressure regulating valve by a feedback control based on the target secondary pressure and the actual secondary pressure sensed by the hydraulic pressure sensor. The target secondary pressure setting section is configured to modify the target secondary pressure by adding a predetermined quantity when a correction initiation condition is satisfied, the condition initiation including a first condition that the shift operation is performed at a high speed by switching of the operation switching section.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an automatic transmission includes a control section having a normal control section configured to actuate the step motor at a first speed by using a feedback control including an integral control in accordance with the target pulley ratio and the actual pulley ratio, a high speed control section configured to actuate the step motor at a second speed higher than the first speed by an open loop control based on the target pulley ratio, a judgment section configured to judge whether there is a high speed operation request, and a switch section configured to select the normal control performed by the normal control section at a normal condition, and to switch to the high speed control when a switch start condition is satisfied, the switch start condition including a first condition that the judgment section judges there is the high speed operation request.

Abstract: A shift control system includes a belt-type continuously variable transmission (CVT) with primary and secondary pulleys, a shift actuator that regulates an oil pressure supplied to the primary or secondary pulley to vary an actual transmission ratio of the CVT, and a control unit that controls the shift actuator. The control unit sets a target transmission ratio in a first mode when a normal driving range is selected and in a second mode when an engine braking range is selected, drives the shift actuator to adjust the actual transmission ratio to the target transmission ratio, determines a delay time to delay the setting of the target transmission ratio in the second mode at the time of range switchover from the normal driving range to the engine braking range, and holds the target transmission ratio set in the first mode until the delay time has elapsed from the range switchover.

Abstract: A V-belt continuously variable transmission includes a primary pulley and a secondary pulley. The primary pulley is connected to an input shaft and the secondary pulley is connected to an output shaft. A V-belt is wrapped around the primary and secondary pulleys. When a speed ratio is to be increased: (a) the oil pressure supplied to the primary pulley is set to an oil pressure necessary for ensuring a torque capacity of the V-belt and for maintaining the speed ratio; and (b) the oil pressure supplied to the secondary pulley is set to an oil pressure that is higher than the oil pressure necessary for ensuring the torque capacity of the V-belt and for maintaining the speed ratio, thereby attaining a target speed change speed.

Abstract: A speed change ratio control unit for a continuously variable transmission that uses a step motor as a driving actuator of a speed change control valve that compares a variable ASTP representing a step position of the step motor and a step position BSTP of the step motor that is necessary for realizing a desired speed change ratio at every predetermined operation cycle, and if ASTP?BSTP is satisfied determines that a step-out has occurred on the step motor.

Abstract: A belt type continuously variable transmission includes a primary pulley (11), a secondary pulley (12), a belt (13) wound around the primary pulley and secondary pulley; a sensor (27, 21) for detecting a vehicle running state; and a controller (1).

Abstract: In hydraulic pressure control apparatus and method for a continuously variable transmission, a line pressure of the continuously variable transmission is developed with a working oil supplied from an oil pump as an original pressure, and a command pressure is set to develop a line pressure target value of the target value in such a manner that the command pressure is maintained at a predetermined small value for a constant time and, thereafter, the value of the command pressure is raised up to the target value when a shift range of the continuously variable transmission is switched from a neutral range to a running range, the command pressure being raised at a rate lower than a step input to suppress an overshoot developed in the actual line pressure.