Abstract: The current invention discloses methods and devices for duplicating images on image-carrying media of various characteristics using a liquid carrier based developer. The various characteristics of the image-carrying media include absorbency, surface smoothness and coating materials. In order to render an optimal image, these surface characteristics require the adjustments of certain operational parameters related to steps or components of the duplication using the liquid carrier based developer. Among other things, a step of packing toner particles or a toner particle packing means and a step of transferring toner particles or a transfer means were adjusted alone or in combination with other steps or components. The adjustments of these two operational parameters significantly improve the rendered image quality on an image-carrying medium.