Abstract: A method of calibrating a driving parameter of an optical component across an operating wavelength range of the component. The method comprises placing a layer of material in a light path, the layer of material being substantially planar and substantially transparent and having a thickness of the order of wavelengths in said range and operating said component to vary said driving parameter whilst detecting light transmitted through said layer of material to obtain driving parameter versus light intensity data. The obtained data is then compared with characterizing data previously derived for said layer of material in order to calibrate said driving parameter.

Abstract: Described herein are biological devices and methods for using the same to produce carbo sugars. The biological devices include microbial cells transformed with a DNA construct containing genes for producing a cellulose synthase and galactomannan galactosyltransferase. In some instances, the biological devices also include a gene for lipase. Methods for altering the viscosity of petroleum oil using the carbo sugars are also described herein. Finally, methods for degreasing or decontaminating water mixed with petroleum oil or other fatty substances or a surface coated with petroleum oil or other fatty substances using the carbo sugars are described herein.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for providing supplemental content to a group of users when the group of users is disinterested in content from a live content stream. When users are disinterested in a segment of the live content, the users will be provided with supplemental content to consume during the not interesting portion of the live content while other users that are viewing the live content will continue to receive the live content stream. After the segment of the live content is completed, the group of users will resume consumption of the live content stream.

Abstract: An optical sensor. The optical sensor comprises a substrate, a Fabry-Perot interferometer, and first and second photodetectors. The Fabry-Perot interferometer comprises a first mirror and a second mirror, and is mounted on the substrate such that light is transmitted through the interferometer to the substrate. The first and second photodetectors are configured to detect light transmitted through the etalon and the substrate. The first photodetector is sensitive to a first wavelength range, and the second photodetector is sensitive to a second wavelength range, and wherein the first and second wavelength ranges each correspond to a different mode of the interferometer.

Abstract: In an example implementation, a first light measurement is obtained using a photodetector of a sensor module. The first light measurement corresponds, at least in part, to ambient light in an environment of the sensor module. Modulated light is generated using a light source of the sensor module, and a second light measurement is obtained using the photodetector of the sensor module. The second light measurement corresponds, at least in part, to modulated light reflected from an object toward the photodetector. A distance between the sensor module and the object is estimated, using an electronic control device, based on the first measurement, the second light measurement, and the modulated light.

Abstract: In an example method, light is emitted towards a sample region, and sample light is received at an interferometer. A subset of the sample light is transmitted from the interferometer to a detector. Transmitting the subset of the sample light includes determining a reference voltage corresponding to the range of wavelengths of the subset of sample light, and a reference temperature. Transmitting the subset of sample light also includes determining a temperature of an environment, determining a bias voltage corresponding to a difference between the reference temperature and the temperature of the environment, and applying, to the interferometer, an input voltage corresponding to the sum of the reference voltage and the bias voltage. The subset of the sample light is measured by the detector, and a spectral distribution of light is determined based on the measurements.

Abstract: A customized alignment system of the instruments used in total knee arthroplasty. The alignment system includes a fixed femoral guide and a tibial guide configured to adapt to the femur and the tibia, resting on these bones without invading the cartilage of the articular surfaces. The tibial guide and two joinable femoral guides that can be coupled to the fixed femoral guide allow performing bone perforations adequately arranged to allow subsequent placement of cutting guides for the placement of a conventional total knee prosthesis. The guides are designed from a preoperative bone model. The system provides a more precise alignment compared to other conventional techniques, avoids the use of intramedullary alignment and simplifies surgery for the placement of a total knee prosthesis.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a pump element for a chamber under partial gas pressure, the pump element including a substrate covered with a getter layer based on metallic material, including the following steps: placing, in a vacuum processing chamber, the substrate and a target in said metallic material, propelling ions against the target to extract particles of metallic material therefrom and project them against a surface of the substrate at an oblique angle of incidence. A chamber under partial gas pressure containing a getter produced in this way.

Abstract: An optical apparatus comprising: a light-emitting device coupled to a controllable voltage supply configured to provide a supply voltage to the light-emitting device; a temperature sensor arranged to sense a temperature of the light-emitting device; a driver die comprising a driver circuit for driving the light-emitting device; and a control module configured to: receive a voltage at the output of the light-emitting device; determine a target voltage that is to be provided at the output of the light-emitting device, wherein the control module is configured to determine the target voltage based on said temperature; and output a control signal to control the output of the light-emitting device to be at the target voltage in dependence on the voltage at the output of the light-emitting device.

Abstract: According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of measuring the optical reflectance R of a target using a detection system comprising a light emitter and a light detector spaced apart from one another. The method comprises illuminating the target with the light emitter, detecting light reflected from the target using the light detector, wherein the light detector provides an electrical output signal SS indicative of the intensity of the detected light, and determining the optical reflectance R of the target according to (Formula 1), where RR is the spectral reflectance of a reference standard, SR is the detector electrical output signal with the reference standard in place, SH is the detector electrical output signal with no target in front of the light emitter and light detector, and M is a calibration factor.

Abstract: An optoelectronic module includes an optical filter and can have a relatively small overall height. The module includes a semiconductor die for the optical filter, where the die has a cavity in its underside. The cavity provides space to accommodate an optoelectronic device such as a light sensor or light emitter. Such an arrangement can reduce the overall height of the module, thereby facilitating its integration into a host device in which space is at a premium.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for providing supplemental content to a group of users when the group of users is disinterested in content from a live content stream. When users are disinterested in a segment of the live content, the users will be provided with supplemental content to consume during the not interesting portion of the live content while other users that are viewing the live content will continue to receive the live content stream. After the segment of the live content is completed, the group of users will resume consumption of the live content stream.

Abstract: An example system includes a housing defining a cavity and an aperture, a photodetector disposed within the cavity, a voltage-tunable interferometer disposed within the cavity between the aperture and the photodetector, a first light source disposed within the cavity, and an electronic control device. The electronic control device is operable to vary an input voltage applied to the interferometer, and concurrently, cause the first light source to emit light towards the interferometer and measure light reflected from the interferometer using the photodetector. The electronic control device is also operable to determine a calibrated input voltage based on light reflected from the interferometer and measured by the photodetector. The electronic control device is also operable to apply the calibrated input voltage to the interferometer, and concurrently, obtain one or more spectral measurements using the photodetector.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for providing supplemental content to a group of users when the group of users is disinterested in content from a live content stream. When users are disinterested in a segment of the live content, the users will be provided with supplemental content to consume during the not interesting portion of the live content while other users that are viewing the live content will continue to receive the live content stream. After the segment of the live content is completed, the group of users will resume consumption of the live content stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells and well as isolated populations of said exosomes and method for preparing said isolated exosome populations. The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising said exosome or isolated exosome population and their use in a method of treating an immune-mediated inflammatory disease in a subject.

Abstract: An optoelectronic module comprising: a radiation-emitting device; a housing comprising a wall or walls laterally surrounding the radiation-emitting device; two or more terminals disposed on a surface of the wall or walls; a transparent substrate abutting the housing, the transparent substrate comprising an interlock feature; a control unit coupled to the two or more terminals, wherein the control unit is configured to: supply an electrical current though the interlock feature; monitor an electrical parameter associated with the interlock feature; wherein the terminals are arranged such that: when the transparent substrate is in a first orientation about an optical axis of the radiation-emitting device, the interlock feature is coupled to at least two of the two or more terminals and the optoelectronic module is operable to provide a field of illumination in a first illumination orientation; and when the transparent substrate is in a second orientation about the optical axis of the radiation-emitting device, t

Abstract: An example system includes a first light source, a second light source, a photodetector, and an electronic control device. The electronic control device is operable to cause the first light source to emit first light within a range of wavelengths towards a subject, and measure, using the photodetector, the first light reflected from the subject. The electronic control device is also operable to cause the second light source to emit second light including a plurality of emission peaks within the range of wavelengths, and measure, using the photodetector, the second light. The electronic control device is also operable to determine spectral information regarding the subject based on the measured first light and the measured second light.

Abstract: An optical sensor. The optical sensor comprises a substrate, a Fabry-Perot interferometer, and first and second photodetectors. The Fabry-Perot interferometer comprises a first mirror and a second mirror, and is mounted on the substrate such that light is transmitted through the interferometer to the substrate. The first and second photodetectors are configured to detect light transmitted through the etalon and the substrate. The first photodetector is sensitive to a first wavelength range, and the second photodetector is sensitive to a second wavelength range, and wherein the first and second wavelength ranges each correspond to a different mode of the interferometer.

Abstract: An example system includes a first spectrometer, a second spectrometer, and an electronic control device communicatively coupled to the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer. The first spectrometer is operable to emit first light using a first light source towards a sample region between the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer. The first spectrometer is also operable to measure first reflected light reflected using a first photodetector from an object in the sample region. The second spectrometer is operable to measure first transmitted light transmitted through the object using a second photodetector. The electronic control device is operable to determine, based on at least one of the measured first reflected light or the measured first transmitted light, a spectral distribution of light corresponding to the object.

Abstract: Systems and methods for enabling and rewarding collaborative content creation are described. The method comprises, playing back live video provided by an over-the-top (OTT) provider to a user, receiving, from the user, a command to crop and modify a portion of the video comprising a subject, generating user-generated content based on the command, publishing the user-generated content to a plurality of users, determining whether the user-generated content is republished a threshold number of times during a republication period, and in response to determining that the user-generated content is republished the threshold number of times during the republication period, unlocking access to content from the OTT provider for the user that relates to the subject.