Abstract: A fabrication method of a thermoelectric conversion element includes forming a first metal layer containing Cu on a first surface of a thermoelectric conversion layer, and forming a first electrode and a first intermediate layer from the first metal layer. The thermoelectric conversion layer is composed of a thermoelectric conversion material containing Mg and at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of Sb and Bi, the first intermediate layer is provided between the thermoelectric conversion layer and the first electrode, the first intermediate layer is in contact with the thermoelectric conversion layer, the first electrode is in contact with the first intermediate layer, and a composition of the first intermediate layer is different from both a composition of the first electrode and a composition of the thermoelectric conversion layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an agent for use in the treatment or prevention of inflammatory bowel disease. Also disclosed is an agent for inhibiting the production of TNF-?. A therapeutic or prophylactic agent for inflammatory bowel disease comprising at least one amino acid selected from the group consisting of lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan, glutamine, glycine, cysteine, cystine and threonine, the amino acid being administered at a dose of 0.1 to 4000 mg/kg per day; and a TNF-? production inhibitor comprising an amino acid selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine and tryptophan, the amino acid being administered at a dose of 0.1 to 4000 mg/kg per day.

Abstract: Disclosed is an agent for use in the treatment or prevention of inflammatory bowel disease. Also disclosed is an agent for inhibiting the production of TNF-?. A therapeutic or prophylactic agent for inflammatory bowel disease comprising at least one amino acid selected from the group consisting of lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan, glutamine, glycine, cysteine, cystine and threonine, the amino acid being administered at a dose of 0.1 to 4000 mg/kg per day; and a TNF-? production inhibitor comprising an amino acid selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine and tryptophan, the amino acid being administered at a dose of 0.1 to 4000 mg/kg per day.

Abstract: Phenylalanine derivatives of the following formula, analogues thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have an antagonistic activity to ?4 integrin. They are used as therapeutic agents or preventive agents for various diseases concerning ?4 integrin in which ?4 integrin-depending adhesion process participates in the pathology, such as inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, asthma, psoriasis, allergy, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arterial sclerosis, restenosis, tumor proliferation, tumor metastasis and transplantation rejection. wherein R1 is a methyl group and R2 is a methoxy group.

Abstract: Disclosed is an agent for use in the treatment or prevention of inflammatory bowel disease. Also disclosed is an agent for inhibiting the production of TNF-?. A therapeutic or prophylactic agent for inflammatory bowel disease comprising at least one amino acid selected from the group consisting of lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan, glutamine, glycine, cysteine, cystine and threonine, the amino acid being administered at a dose of 0.1 to 4000 mg/kg per day; and a TNF-? production inhibitor comprising an amino acid selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine and tryptophan, the amino acid being administered at a dose of 0.1 to 4000 mg/kg per day.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the following phenylalanine derivatives or analogues thereof having an antagonistic activity to ?4 integrin and therapeutic agents for various diseases concerning ?4 integrin.

Abstract: Phenylalanine derivatives of the following formula, analogues thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have an antagonistic activity to ?4 integrin. They are used as therapeutic agents or preventive agents for various diseases concerning ?4 integrin in which ?4 integrin-depending adhesion process participates in the pathology, such as inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, asthma, psoriasis, allergy, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arterial sclerosis, restenosis, tumor proliferation, tumor metastasis and transplantation rejection. wherein R1 is a methyl group and R2 is a methoxy group.

Abstract: Disclosed is an agent for use in the treatment or prevention of inflammatory bowel disease. Also disclosed is an agent for inhibiting the production of TNF-?. A therapeutic or prophylactic agent for inflammatory bowel disease comprising at least one amino acid selected from the group consisting of lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan, glutamine, glycine, cysteine, cystine and threonine, the amino acid being administered at a dose of 0.1 to 4000 mg/kg per day; and a TNF-? production inhibitor comprising an amino acid selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine and tryptophan, the amino acid being administered at a dose of 0.1 to 4000 mg/kg per day.

Abstract: Phenylalanine derivatives of the following formula, analogues thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have an antagonistic activity to ?4 integrin. They are used as therapeutic agents or preventive agents for various diseases concerning ?4 integrin in which ?4 integrin-depending adhesion process participates in the pathology, such as inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, asthma, psoriasis, allergy, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arterial sclerosis, restenosis, tumor proliferation, tumor metastasis and transplantation rejection. wherein R1 is a methyl group and R2 is a methoxy group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the following phenylalanine derivatives or analogues thereof having an antagonistic activity to ?4 integrin and therapeutic agents for various diseases concerning ?4 integrin.

Abstract: Phenylalanine derivatives of the following formula, analogues thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have an antagonistic activity to &agr;4 integrin. They are used as therapeutic agents or preventive agents for various diseases concerning &agr;4 integrin in which &agr;4 integrin-depending adhesion process participates in the pathology, such as inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, asthma, psoriasis, allergy, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arterial sclerosis, restenosis, tumor proliferation, tumor metastasis and transplantation rejection.

Abstract: Each of a pair of clean packaging films comprises a base structure consisting of a base layer and a heat-sealing layer, an outer protective film, and inner protective film. The pair of clean packaging films are superposed after the outer and the inner protective films are peeled off, and the superposed pair of packaging clean films are sealed properly to obtain pouches having clean inside and outside surfaces.

Abstract: Each of a pair of clean packaging films comprises a base structure consisting of a base layer and a heat-sealing layer, an outer protective film, and inner protective film. The pair of clean packaging films are superposed after the outer and the inner protective films are peeled off, and the superposed pair of packaging clean films are sealed properly to obtain pouches having clean inside and outside surfaces.