Abstract: An in-mold solidified shell thickness estimation apparatus includes: an input device; a model database configured to store a model formula and a parameter related to a solidification reaction of a molten steel inside a mold of a continuous casting facility; and a heat transfer model calculator configured to estimate an in-mold solidified shell thickness by calculating temperature distributions of the mold and of the molten steel inside the mold by solving a three-dimensional unsteady heat transfer equation. The heat transfer model calculator is configured to correct errors in a temperature of a mold copper plate and in an amount of heat removed from the mold, by correcting an overall heat transfer coefficient between the mold copper plate and the solidified shell.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a working electrode, a counter electrode, and an electrolyte covering the working electrode and the counter electrode. The working electrode and the counter electrode are configured so that electrons are supplied from the counter electrode to the working electrode and the working electrode absorbs CO2 in response to a first voltage applied between the working electrode and the counter electrode, and electrons are supplied from the working electrode to the counter electrode and the CO2 is desorbed from the working electrode in response to a second voltage applied between the working electrode and the counter electrode. The working electrode is made of a metal, and a surface of the working electrode that is to be in contact with the CO2 containing gas is covered with an oxide film.

Abstract: A striking device includes a striking section that strikes a test object. This striking device is characterized by having: a vertically long intermediate link that is coupled to the striking section and can move in a state of maintaining a vertical orientation; and a laterally long driving link and a driven link that is driven by the driving link, one end of each of the driving link and the driven link being rotatably coupled to the intermediate link, and the driving link and the driven link being parallel to each other, in that the other end side of each of the driving link and the driven link rotates about a rotational shaft that is provided in a perpendicular direction to a vertical line at different positions on the same vertical line.

Abstract: An in-mold solidified shell thickness estimation apparatus includes: an input device; a model database configured to store a model formula and a parameter related to a solidification reaction of a molten steel inside a mold of a continuous casting facility; and a heat transfer model calculator configured to estimate an in-mold solidified shell thickness by calculating temperature distributions of the mold and of the molten steel inside the mold by solving a three-dimensional unsteady heat transfer equation. The heat transfer model calculator is configured to correct errors in a temperature of a mold copper plate and in an amount of heat removed from the mold, by correcting an overall heat transfer coefficient between the mold copper plate and the solidified shell.

Abstract: Adding (A) an amylomaltase derived from a bacterium of the genus Thermus to a starch-containing material, and further adding (B) a protein or lipid modification enzyme, or (C) a starch degradation product or (D) a starch degradation enzyme is useful for modifying a starch-containing food.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula (III) which serves as an intermediate of an oligonucleotide analog having stable and excellent antisense or antigene activity or having excellent activity as a detection reagent (probe) for a specific gene or as a primer for the initiation of amplification of a specific gene can be produced at high yields regardless of the type of nucleobase by a method comprising reacting a compound represented by the general formula (II) or a salt thereof with a trimethylsilylated compound obtained from a compound represented by the general formula (IVb), wherein X, Y, Z, A, R, and B are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula (III) which serves as an intermediate of an oligonucleotide analog having stable and excellent antisense or antigene activity or having excellent activity as a detection reagent (probe) for a specific gene or as a primer for the initiation of amplification of a specific gene can be produced at high yields regardless of the type of nucleobase by a method comprising reacting a compound represented by the general formula (II) or a salt thereof with a trimethylsilylated compound obtained from a compound represented by the general formula (IVb), wherein X, Y, Z, A, R, and B are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula (III) which serves as an intermediate of an oligonucleotide analog having stable and excellent antisense or antigene activity or having excellent activity as a detection reagent (probe) for a specific gene or as a primer for the initiation of amplification of a specific gene can be produced at high yields regardless of the type of nucleobase by a method comprising reacting a compound represented by the general formula (II) or a salt thereof with a trimethylsilylated compound obtained from a compound represented by the general formula (IVb), wherein X, Y, Z, A, R, and B are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: A fuel cutoff valve is furnished with a casing defining a valve chamber, and a float mechanism housed to be able to rise and fall in the valve chamber. The casing is furnished with a closure plate situated in the space above the valve chamber and in a facing arrangement with a connecting passage. The closure plate is furnished with a vent hole that has been formed so as to divert the passage from the connecting passage to a second pipe line, and with a barrier wall that is situated in opposition to a first pipe line and that has been formed so as to divert the passage from the first pipe line to the second pipe line.

Abstract: A fuel cutoff valve is furnished with a casing defining a valve chamber, and a float mechanism housed to be able to rise and fall in the valve chamber. The casing is furnished with a closure plate situated in the space above the valve chamber and in a facing arrangement with a connecting passage. The closure plate is furnished with a vent hole that has been formed so as to divert the passage from the connecting passage to a second pipe line, and with a barrier wall that is situated in opposition to a first pipe line and that has been formed so as to divert the passage from the first pipe line to the second pipe line.