Abstract: The exhaust gas purification device includes a substrate, a first catalyst layer, and a second catalyst layer. The substrate includes an upstream end and a downstream end. The first catalyst layer contains first catalyst particles and lies on the substrate across a first region extending between the upstream end and a first position. The first position is at a first distance from the upstream end toward the downstream end. The second catalyst layer contains second catalyst particles and lies on the first catalyst layer across the first region. The second catalyst layer is provided with pores. Pore connectivity of the second catalyst layer is 5% to 35%. A mean value of areas of the pores of the second catalyst layer in a cross-sectional backscattered electron image of the second catalyst layer may be 0.7 ?m2 to 9.0 ?m2.

Abstract: As described above, when a communication control device receives a message transmitted from a user terminal, the communication control device specifies a destination of the message from contents of the message, specifies a type of communication service available by a user of the specified destination, and creates a message suitable for the specified type of service. Then, the communication control device transmits the created message to the specified destination.

Abstract: As described above, when a communication control device receives a message transmitted from a user terminal, the communication control device specifies a destination of the message from contents of the message, specifies a type of communication service available by a user of the specified destination, and creates a message suitable for the specified type of service. Then, the communication control device transmits the created message to the specified destination.