Abstract: Disclosed are a holographic writing method and apparatus capable of re-writing (updating) holographic information and quickly writing the holographic information with high efficiency. In an embodiment, a holographic writing method for writing holographic information by emitting a beam at a holographic recording medium containing a photo-responsable polymer material having photoisomerization characteristics that change a molecular structure thereof by absorbing light energy, writes the holographic information by using a writing wavelength different from a maximum absorption wavelength in a light absorption spectrum of photoisomer molecule structures of the holographic recording medium. The maximum absorption wavelength is a wavelength at which light absorption rate is maximum in the light absorption spectrum.

Abstract: Disclosed are a holographic writing method and apparatus capable of re-writing (updating) holographic information and quickly writing the holographic information with high efficiency. In an embodiment, a holographic writing method for writing holographic information by emitting a beam at a holographic recording medium containing a photo-responsable polymer material having photoisomerization characteristics that change a molecular structure thereof by absorbing light energy, writes the holographic information by using a writing wavelength different from a maximum absorption wavelength in a light absorption spectrum of photoisomer molecule structures of the holographic recording medium. The maximum absorption wavelength is a wavelength at which light absorption rate is maximum in the light absorption spectrum.

Abstract: A non-aqueous fuel cell catalyst includes a carbon support medium; a coating layer comprising a proton-conducting polymer including a phosphoric acid group coated on a surface of the carbon support medium; and a support member comprising platinum or a platinum alloy supported on the coating layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an alloy catalyst for a fuel cell is disclosed. The method for manufacturing an alloy catalyst for a fuel cell may include predetermined processes and reaction conditions, such that iridium is alloyed to platinum contained in a cathode carbon support catalyst. Accordingly, time for stabilizing charge on the carbon surface may be reduced and a metal particle size may be controlled, thereby manufacturing high quality products having uniform metal particle distribution and improved durability. In addition, corrosion of a cathode carbon support catalyst in a harsh condition such as vehicle driving may be prevented.

Abstract: Titanium suboxide (TixO2x-1) nanoparticles useful as a support for a catalyst electrode of a fuel cell, and a method for synthesizing the titanium suboxide (TixO2x-1) nanoparticles by using TiO2, a Co catalyst and hydrogen gas at a low temperature ranging from 600 to 900° C. are described Since the titanium suboxide nanoparticles show high corrosion resistance to acid and durability and have excellent thermal and electric conductivities, a catalyst electrode manufactured by using the same as a support exhibits improved catalytic activity and oxidation reduction (redox) properties.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an alloy catalyst for a fuel cell is disclosed. The method for manufacturing an alloy catalyst for a fuel cell may include predetermined processes and reaction conditions, such that iridium is alloyed to platinum contained in a cathode carbon support catalyst. Accordingly, time for stabilizing charge on the carbon surface may be reduced and a metal particle size may be controlled, thereby manufacturing high quality products having uniform metal particle distribution and improved durability. In addition, corrosion of a cathode carbon support catalyst in a harsh condition such as vehicle driving may be prevented.

Abstract: Titanium suboxide (TixO2x-1) nanoparticles useful as a support for a catalyst electrode of a fuel cell, and a method for synthesizing the titanium suboxide (TixO2x-1) nanoparticles by using TiO2, a Co catalyst and hydrogen gas at a low temperature ranging from 600 to 900° C. are described Since the titanium suboxide nanoparticles show high corrosion resistance to acid and durability and have excellent thermal and electric conductivities, a catalyst electrode manufactured by using the same as a support exhibits improved catalytic activity and oxidation reduction (redox) properties.

Abstract: A catalyst for an electrode of a membrane-electrode assembly of a fuel cell system is provided herein. More specifically, the catalyst includes a first catalyst including platinum supported on carbon, and a second catalyst including an Ir—Ru alloy.