Abstract: This document discloses a solution for a method of monitoring an electric power grid. According to an aspect, a method comprises: obtaining, on a basis of one or more physical stimuli generated endogenously in the electric power grid, a first set of measurement data associated with a first location of the electric power grid, the physical stimuli belonging to nominal or near-nominal operation of the electric power grid and generating at least one of voltage fluctuation and current fluctuation that exceeds at least one threshold; computing a grid strength of the first location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data; mapping the grid strength to a grid strength of a second location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data and correlation between electrical characteristics of the first location and the second location.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for a method of monitoring an electric power grid. According to an aspect, a method comprises: obtaining, on a basis of one or more physical stimuli generated endogenously in the electric power grid, a first set of measurement data associated with a first location of the electric power grid, the physical stimuli belonging to nominal or near-nominal operation of the electric power grid and generating at least one of voltage fluctuation and current fluctuation that exceeds at least one threshold; computing a grid strength of the first location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data; mapping the grid strength to a grid strength of a second location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data and correlation between electrical characteristics of the first location and the second location.

Abstract: Methods, computer software and apparatus for use in an electric power grid are described. Measurement data is received intermittently or continuously from a plurality of measurement units, indicating values of at least one measured characteristic at respective measurement locations. The at least one is characteristic is monitored, and it is determined, based on the monitoring, that there has been a change in electric power flow in the electric power grid. Responsive to the determination, component data is accessed relating to characteristics of components of the electric power grid involved in provision and/or consumption of electric power. Based on received measurement data relating to the change and the accessed component data, a power flow characteristic of the grid in a given time period is determined.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for a method of monitoring an electric power grid. According to an aspect, a method comprises: detecting one or more physical stimuli in the electric power grid; obtaining, while the one or more physical stimuli is effective, a first set of measurement data associated with a first location of the electric power grid; computing operational information such as a fault level of the first location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data; mapping the operational information to corresponding operational information of a second location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data and correlation between electrical characteristics of the first location and the second location.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for determining an inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of an electric power grid are described. First data is determined. The first data represents a signal comprising a first variation in the grid frequency over a period of time, the signal resulting from a second variation, the second variation being a variation in provision of electric power to and/or consumption of electric power from the grid, the signal having been filtered according to a first filter defining a first frequency band to at least attenuate frequencies outside of the first frequency band. Second data is determined. The second data is representative of the second variation on a second frequency band, the second frequency band being substantially the same as the first frequency band. An inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of the electric power grid is determined based on the first data and the second data.

Abstract: Methods, and apparatus for determining a characteristic of an inertial contribution to an electrical power grid are described. A change in inertia in the electrical power grid based on one or more inertia measurements performed in a first time period is determined. On the basis of the determined change in inertia and data indicative of an inertia contribution characteristic of one or more energy production facilities and/or one or more energy consuming devices in the electric power grid, a characteristic of an inertial contribution to the electrical power grid is determined for a second time period different to the first time period.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for a method of monitoring an electric power grid. According to an aspect, a method comprises: detecting one or more physical stimuli in the electric power grid; obtaining, while the one or more physical stimuli is effective, a first set of measurement data associated with a first location of the electric power grid; computing operational information such as a fault level of the first location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data; mapping the operational information to corresponding operational information of a second location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data and correlation between electrical characteristics of the first location and the second location.

Abstract: Methods, and apparatus for determining a characteristic of an inertial contribution to an electrical power grid are described. A change in inertia in the electrical power grid based on one or more inertia measurements performed in a first time period is determined. On the basis of the determined change in inertia and data indicative of an inertia contribution characteristic of one or more energy production facilities and/or one or more energy consuming devices in the electric power grid, a characteristic of an inertial contribution to the electrical power grid is determined for a second time period different to the first time period.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for determining an inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of an electric power grid are described. First data is determined. The first data represents a signal comprising a first variation in the grid frequency over a period of time, the signal resulting from a second variation, the second variation being a variation in provision of electric power to and/or consumption of electric power from the grid, the signal having been filtered according to a first filter defining a first frequency band to at least attenuate frequencies outside of the first frequency band. Second data is determined. The second data is representative of the second variation on a second frequency band, the second frequency band being substantially the same as the first frequency band. An inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of the electric power grid is determined based on the first data and the second data.

Abstract: Methods, computer software and apparatus for use in an electric power grid are described. Measurement data is received intermittently or continuously from a plurality of measurement units, indicating values of at least one measured characteristic at respective measurement locations. The at least one is characteristic is monitored, and it is determined, based on the monitoring, that there has been a change in electric power flow in the electric power grid. Responsive to the determination, component data is accessed relating to characteristics of components of the electric power grid involved in provision and/or consumption of electric power. Based on received measurement data relating to the change and the accessed component data, a power flow characteristic of the grid in a given time period is determined.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, a method is disclosed that comprises by using a processor, calculating a plurality of signal states for each of at least two carriers, selecting at least one carrier from the at least two carriers, generating modified signal states for each of the selected at least one carrier by rotating at least one of the respective plurality of signal states with a discrete frequency shift step, determining combinations of signal states of the at least two carriers based at least in part on the modified signal states of the selected at least one carrier, and calculating a cubic metric based on the determined combinations of signal states of the at least two carriers.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, a method is disclosed that comprises by using a processor, calculating a plurality of signal states for each of at least two carriers, selecting at least one carrier from the at least two carriers, generating modified signal states for each of the selected at least one carrier by rotating at least one of the respective plurality of signal states with a discrete frequency shift step, determining combinations of signal states of the at least two carriers based at least in part on the modified signal states of the selected at least one carrier, and calculating a cubic metric based on the determined combinations of signal states of the at least two carriers.

Abstract: A method for compensating the bias in estimates by utilizing the configured channel estimation filter bank. The method comprises selecting a filter from a predefined set of filters based on channel parameters, and producing at least one radio channel coefficient by applying the selected filter. An input to the filter comprises raw channel estimates, and an output of the filter comprises at least one biased channel coefficient after filtering. The method further comprises producing a radio link quality based on the at least one biased channel coefficient and/or the selected filter. During the estimation, the method comprises removing bias based on the selected filter and/or a filter configuration.

Abstract: A method for compensating the bias in estimates by utilizing the configured channel estimation filter bank. The method comprises selecting a filter from a predefined set of filters based on channel parameters, and producing at least one radio channel coefficient by applying the selected filter. An input to the filter comprises raw channel estimates, and an output of the filter comprises at least one biased channel coefficient after filtering. The method further comprises producing a radio link quality based on the at least one biased channel coefficient and/or the selected filter. During the estimation, the method comprises removing bias based on the selected filter and/or a filter configuration.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing improved location such as emergency services location of mobile devices in an over the air communications system are disclosed. On receiving a request, a user equipment (UE) mobile device makes observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) measurements on signals received from certain cell communication elements. The UE selects or prioritizes the cells based on one of several schemes, including comparing internally stored cell ID information to cell ID information provided by the network, and using lists of cells that are recently used, recently received, previously used, or on a closed subscriber group (CSG) list are alternative embodiments. The UE may prioritize home eNB cells that it is a member of for the measurements. By prioritizing the cells used for the measurements, the OTDOA measurements may be limited to a few cells and the time needed to make the measurements may be reduced.

Abstract: Receiving gain factors for channels that are combined to be transmitted in a communications signal, and calculating, on the basis of the gain factors, a non-linearity metric for controlling a transmission power of the communications signal.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product, wherein a first search bandwidth is set and a preliminary channel scanning is performed at the first search bandwidth to check for existence of a predetermined transmission signal. A second search bandwidth is set and initial channel synchronization is performed at the second search bandwidth, if said preliminary channel scanning indicates existence of the predetermined transmission signal, wherein the second search bandwidth is smaller than the first search bandwidth.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for channel estimation are provided. The apparatus comprises: a synchronization unit configured to time-synchronize with a received signal on the basis of one or more synchronization patterns of the received signal; a searcher configured to search for pilot sequences of the received signal; an estimator configured to perform channel estimation on the basis of the pilot sequences and one or more synchronization patterns, and a decoder configured to decode cell information from the received signal.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method, a receiver and a wireless terminal for measuring an impulse response e.g. in a (W)CDMA terminal having at least two receiving antenna branches with diversity reception. In the method one antenna branch is selected, e.g. by choosing the antenna with a good signal to interference ratio. An impulse response is measured for the selected antenna branch (full IRM) with a searcher. The delays of the propagation paths of the radio channel are estimated by selecting the delay values, whose correlation value exceed a threshold value. The impulse response measurement for the other antenna branch is performed only on the selected delay values (reduced IRM) with the searcher. The finger allocation for the selected antenna branch can be done immediately after the full IRM and for the other antenna immediately after the reduced IRM. The finger allocation for all branches can alternatively take place after the reduced IRM, simultaneously.