Abstract: A surface of a marine object is treated with an antifouling paint. The antifouling paint comprises a porous silicate and a wax. The porous silicate has a particle size of between 1 and 100 ?m and is in a concentration of between 18 and 60 weight percent. The antifouling paint is applied to the surface. The wax is used to encapsulate the porous silicate and to prevent an immediate release of ions from the porous silicate.

Abstract: The method is for treating a marine object. A composition is provided that has an organic substance. The composition is applied to the marine object. The composition has a first layer and a second layer. A first organic substance on the first layer attracts bacteria. The bacteria consume the first organic substance and during this process use oxygen. The bacteria thus reduce an oxygen level in a boundary layer adjacent to a surface of the marine object. The first layer of the composition erodes to expose the second layer. The bacteria consume a second organic substance of the second layer.

Abstract: A method for eliminating alien species and undesirable organisms from ballast water of a marine vessel. Ballast water (204) is injected into a container (202). An organic substance is added to the ballast water. Heterotrophic organisms (219) in the ballast water reproduce and consume the organic substance (218). The heterotrophic organisms substantially reduce the oxygen level in the ballast water compared to the oxygen level of untreated ballast water. The alien species and undesirable organisms die due to lack of oxygen.

Abstract: A method for eliminating alien species and undesirable organisms from ballast water of a marine vessel. Ballast water (204) is injected into a container (202). An organic substance is added to the ballast water. Heterotrophic organisms (219) in the ballast water reproduce and consume the organic substance (218). The heterotrophic organisms substantially reduce the oxygen level in the ballast water compared to the oxygen level of untreated ballast water. The alien species and undesirable organisms die due to lack of oxygen.

Abstract: The method is for treating a marine object. A composition is provided that has an organic substance. The composition is applied to the marine object. The composition has a first layer and a second layer. A first organic substance on the first layer attracts bacteria. The bacteria consume the first organic substance and during this process use oxygen. The bacteria thus reduce an oxygen level in a boundary layer adjacent to a surface of the marine object. The first layer of the composition erodes to expose the second layer. The bacteria consume a second organic substance of the second layer.

Abstract: A self-polishing antifouling paint comprising a binder and a biologically active substance, wherein said biologically active substance is chosen to be decomposable in the presence of water and to consume oxygen in its process of decomposition so as to generate an oxygen-lean aqueous environment in the water-exposed paint outer layer.