Abstract: Described are illumination control devices, for an analyser arrangement and method of using thereof. The analyser arrangement is configured to determine at least one parameter related to charged particles emitted from a sample. The illumination control device comprises an input for input electromagnetic radiation, and is configured to control the illumination of the sample to induce the emission of charged particles from the sample and to operate in at least a first mode and a second mode, wherein the illumination control device in the first mode, is configured to illuminate a first area of the sample with a first part of the input electromagnetic radiation and a second area part of the first area of the sample with a second part of the input electromagnetic radiation, and in a second mode, is configured to illuminate the second area of the sample with the second part of the input electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: Described is an angle-resolving photoelectron spectrometer comprising an electrostatic lens system having a first end and a second end, and arranged to form a beam of electrons emitted from a measurement area on a sample surface, and to transport the electrons to the second end, wherein the first lens element is configured to be arranged at a positive voltage in relation to the sample. The spectrometer comprises at least a first shielding electrode with a limiting aperture, arranged such that the angle between the optical axis and any point on the limiting aperture is larger than 45° and smaller than 70, and at least one compensation electrode which is arranged around the optical axis at a larger distance from the measurement area than the first lens element. The compensation electrode is configured to be arranged at a negative voltage in relation to the sample.

Abstract: A method performed by a first network node (110) for determining a synchronized time reference in a wireless communications network (100) is provided. The first network node (110) determine a first timing reference (t3) by detecting a broadcasted time reference signal (S1). Also, the first network node (110) receive information indicating a first timing difference (?t21?22) between a second timing reference (t21) that is based on a detection of the broadcasted time reference signal (S1) at a second network node (111) and a third timing reference (t22) that is based on a positioning signal (S2) received by the second network node (111). Then, the first network node (110) determine a time reference for the first network node (110) based on the determined first timing reference (t3) and the received first timing difference (?t21?22). A first network node (110) for determining a timing reference in a wireless communications network (100) is also provided.

Abstract: A method performed by a first network node (110) for determining a synchronized time reference in a wireless communications network (100) is provided. The first network node (110) determine a first timing reference (t3) by detecting a broadcasted time reference signal (S1). Also, the first network node (110) receive information indicating a first timing difference (?t21?22) between a second timing reference (t21) that is based on a detection of the broadcasted time reference signal (S1) at a second network node (111) and a third timing reference (t22) that is based on a positioning signal (S2) received by the second network node (111). Then, the first network node (110) determine a time reference for the first network node (110) based on the determined first timing reference (t3) and the received first timing difference (?t21?22). A first network node (110) for determining a timing reference in a wireless communications network (100) is also provided.

Abstract: A method for configuration of radio interface based synchronisation comprises obtaining of hearability information and synchronisation ability information concerning a multitude of radio base stations. The hearability information comprises an identity of the radio base station, and experienced signal quality from and identities of other radio base stations. The synchronisation ability information comprises information about a quality of synchronisation obtainable by the radio base station. A radio interface based synchronisation configuration is created in dependence of the obtained information. The radio interface based synchronisation configuration comprises definitions of synchronisation links, which radio base stations are recommended to use for synchronisation purposes. Data defining the radio interface based synchronisation configuration is provided for transmission to the respective radio base stations.

Abstract: A method and nodes for wireless timing synchronization of a target node and a source node. In some embodiments, a request is sent to a source node for time synchronizing the target node with the source node. A first time, T1, indicative of time of transmission of a first radio signal from the source node to the target node is determined. A second time, T2, indicative of time of receipt of the first radio signal at the target node is determined. A third time, T3, indicative of time of transmission of a second radio signal from the target node to the source node is determined. A fourth time, T4, indicative of time of receipt of the second radio signal at the source node is determined. A clock offset based on T1, T2, T3 and T4 for use in time synchronizing the target node with the source node is determined.

Abstract: A method for configuration of radio interface based synchronisation comprises obtaining of hearability information and synchronisation ability information concerning a multitude of radio base stations. The hearability information comprises an identity of the radio base station, and experienced signal quality from and identities of other radio base stations. The synchronisation ability information comprises information about a quality of synchronisation obtainable by the radio base station. A radio interface based synchronisation configuration is created in dependence of the obtained information. The radio interface based synchronisation configuration comprises definitions of synchronisation links, which radio base stations are recommended to use for synchronisation purposes. Data defining the radio interface based synchronisation configuration is provided for transmission to the respective radio base stations.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for providing delay information to synchronization packets passing a transport network node. In a transport network node synchronization packets propagate from a synchronization master node towards boundary clock nodes. The synchronization packets pass the transport network node, in which the synchronization packets are received, and a level of delay is determined. Furthermore, when the level of delay for the synchronization packets is above a threshold, the synchronization packets are marked with a delay indication. The received synchronization packets are sent to the boundary clock node or ordinary clock node, whether or not they are marked. By implementing functionality for determining a level of delay of synchronization packets, and marking passing synchronization packets with delay indications, boundary clock nodes and ordinary clock nodes may differentiate the received synchronization packets based on the delay identifications.

Abstract: A method and nodes for wireless timing synchronization of a target node and a source node. In some embodiments, a request is sent to a source node for time synchronizing the target node with the source node. A first time, T1, indicative of time of transmission of a first radio signal from the source node to the target node is determined. A second time, T2, indicative of time of receipt of the first radio signal at the target node is determined. A third time, T3, indicative of time of transmission of a second radio signal from the target node to the source node is determined. A fourth time, T4, indicative of time of receipt of the second radio signal at the source node is determined. A clock offset based on T1, T2, T3 and T4 for use in time synchronizing the target node with the source node is determined.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for providing delay information to synchronisation packets passing a transport network node. In a transport network node synchronisation packets propagate from a synchronisation master node towards boundary clock nodes. The synchronisation packets pass the transport network node, in which the synchronisation packets are received, and a level of delay is determined. Furthermore, when the level of delay for the synchronisation packets is above a threshold, the synchronisation packets are marked with a delay indication. The received synchronisation packets are sent to the boundary clock node or ordinary clock node, whether or not they are marked. By implementing functionality for determining a level of delay of synchronisation packets, and marking passing synchronisation packets with delay indications, boundary clock nodes and ordinary clock nodes may differentiate the received synchronisation packets based on the delay identifications.