Abstract: Disclosed are methods, devices, and systems for improved protective clothing such as helmets and protective headgear, including improvements in modular, semi-custom or customized helmet liners and/or inserts to enhance wearer comfort and reduce the deleterious effects of impacts between the wearer and other players and/or objects in all types of wearer activities (i.e., sports, military, equestrian, etc.).

Abstract: A helmet includes an outer shell, an impact absorbing layer positioned inside the outer shell, and a foam layer interior to the impact absorbing layer. The impact absorbing layer includes a plurality of impact absorbing structures positioned inside the outer shell, wherein at least a portion of the outer shell is flexible to transmit an impact force to a localized section of the plurality of impact absorbing structures. One or more of the plurality of impact absorbing structures include a plurality of filaments, wherein ends of at least some of the filaments are joined at a node and the at least some of the filaments are capable of buckling and absorbing energy when subjected to the impact force.

Abstract: A garment worn by a wearer has an impact absorbing material comprising arrays of various hexagonal or other deformable polygonal-shaped structures positioned between an exterior surface and an interior surface. When force is applied to the exterior surface, the structures of the impact absorbing materials deform (e.g., buckle) in a desired manner, reducing the force received by the interior surface.

Abstract: A system for breaking down a PFA (perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl) compound includes a reactor vessel, a heater, and a catalyst. The reactor vessel is operable to hold influent that includes a PFA compound, an alkali, and water, while alkaline hydrolysis separates a fluorine atom from the PFA compound in the influent. The heater is operable to heat the influent to a temperature within the range of 100° Celsius to 700° Celsius. And the catalyst is operable to increase the rate at which alkaline hydrolysis separates a fluorine atom from a PFA compound. The catalyst includes a body that includes a transition metal, which is a d-block metal or a metal from any of the periodic table's groups 4-11. The body also has a shape configured to multiply a surface-area-to-volume ratio by at least 1.5 when the body is disposed in an influent experiencing alkaline hydrolysis.

Abstract: The adjustable helmet assembly disclosed within in comprises a front shell, a back shell and a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism allows sliding movement of the front shell relative to the back shell for adjustment to a desired length for a specific wearer. The locking mechanism is movable from an unlocked position allowing the front shell to move relative to the back shell, and a locked position prohibiting the front shell to move relative to the back shell. The locking mechanism may be a clamp or lever function, and/or a cam function. Accordingly, the adjustable helmet may further comprise crumple zones to further reduce and/or dissipate impact forces.

Abstract: Protective clothing and/or equipment may comprise an impact mitigation layer which comprises a plurality of impact mitigation assemblies positioned between an exterior surface and an interior surface. The plurality of impact mitigation assemblies may comprise an impact absorbing array of impact mitigation structures having at least one filament and a lateral support wall or connecting element. When force is applied to the exterior surface, the structures of the impact absorbing materials deform in a desired and controlled manner, reducing the force received by the interior surface.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, devices, and systems for improved protective clothing such as helmets and protective headgear, including improvements in modular, semi-custom or customized helmet liners and/or inserts to enhance wearer comfort and reduce the deleterious effects of impacts between the wearer and other players and/or objects in all types of wearer activities (i.e., sports, military, equestrian, etc.).

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, devices, and systems for improved protective clothing such as helmets and protective headgear, including improvements in modular, semi-custom or customized helmet liners and/or inserts to enhance wearer comfort and reduce the deleterious effects of impacts between the wearer and other players and/or objects in all types of wearer activities (i.e., sports, military, equestrian, etc.).

Abstract: A garment worn by a wearer has an impact absorbing material comprising arrays of various hexagonal or other deformable polygonal-shaped structures positioned between an exterior surface and an interior surface. When force is applied to the exterior surface, the structures of the impact absorbing materials deform (e.g., buckle) in a desired manner, reducing the force received by the interior surface.

Abstract: A garment worn by a wearer has an impact absorbing material comprising arrays of various hexagonal or other deformable polygonal-shaped structures positioned between an exterior surface and an interior surface. When force is applied to the exterior surface, the structures of the impact absorbing materials deform (e.g., buckle) in a desired manner, reducing the force received by the interior surface.

Abstract: A garment worn by a wearer has an impact absorbing material comprising arrays of various hexagonal or other deformable polygonal-shaped structures positioned between an exterior surface and an interior surface. When force is applied to the exterior surface, the structures of the impact absorbing materials deform (e.g., buckle) in a desired manner, reducing the force received by the interior surface.

Abstract: The adjustable helmet assembly disclosed within in comprises a front shell, a back shell and a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism allows sliding movement of the front shell relative to the back shell for adjustment to a desired length for a specific wearer. The locking mechanism is movable from an unlocked position allowing the front shell to move relative to the back shell, and a locked position prohibiting the front shell to move relative to the back shell. The locking mechanism may be a clamp or lever function, and/or a cam function. Accordingly, the adjustable helmet may further comprise crumple zones to further reduce and/or dissipate impact forces.

Abstract: The protective helmet may comprise a flexible protective helmet that includes a plurality of impact zones that could be particularized to a specific occupation, sport, player-position and/or the individual behavior of a specific player. The protective helmet comprising a plurality of impact mitigation pads coupled to a flexible liner may easily conform to a head of wearer. The different embodiments comprise elements to provide a padded protective helmet that is flexible or semi-flexible, light-weight and adapted to reduce the risk of head trauma due to the multi-layered padded configuration.

Abstract: Protective clothing and/or equipment may comprise an impact mitigation layer which comprises a plurality of impact mitigation assemblies positioned between an exterior surface and an interior surface. The plurality of impact mitigation assemblies may comprise an impact absorbing array of impact mitigation structures having at least one filament and a lateral support wall or connecting element. When force is applied to the exterior surface, the structures of the impact absorbing materials deform in a desired and controlled manner, reducing the force received by the interior surface.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, devices, and systems for improved protective clothing such as helmets and protective headgear, including improvements in modular, semi-custom or customized helmet liners and/or inserts to enhance wearer comfort and reduce the deleterious effects of impacts between the wearer and other players and/or objects in all types of wearer activities (i.e., sports, military, equestrian, etc.).

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, devices, and systems for improved protective clothing such as helmets and protective headgear, including improvements in modular, semi-custom or customized helmet liners and/or inserts to enhance wearer comfort and reduce the deleterious effects of impacts between the wearer and other players and/or objects in all types of wearer activities (i.e., sports, military, equestrian, etc.).

Abstract: Disclosed are systems, methods, procedures and devices incorporating a variety of impact absorbing structures (IAS) and/or buckling structure arrays into protective garments, vests and/or other items, which can greatly enhance wearer comfort, improve garment durability, improve wearer athletic performance, reduce cost of manufacture and/or minimize impact forces and trauma to the wearer's body.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems, methods, procedures and devices incorporating a variety of impact absorbing structures (IAS) and/or buckling structure arrays into shoes, sneakers and/or other footwear, which can greatly enhance wearer comfort, improve shoe durability, improve athletic performance, reduce cost of manufacture and/or minimize impact forces to the foot, legs and/or lower body. Included herein are various types of footwear, foot coverings, lower extremity garments and related orthopedic sleeves and/or orthotics.