Abstract: A method includes receiving an n-level Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM-n) signal at a receiver from a transmitter via a channel. The method also includes determining one or more sampling times of the PAM-n signal. The method further includes determining one or more slicing levels of the PAM-n signal. The method also includes extracting and decomposing jitter in the PAM-n signal for each slicing level of the PAM-n signal to determine one or more jitter components. The method further includes extracting and decomposing noise in the PAM-n signal for each data level of the PAM-n signal to determine one or more noise components. The method also includes adjusting the receiver, the transmitter, the channel, or any combination thereof, based on the one or more jitter components, the one or more noise components, or both.

Abstract: Network communication systems may employ coding schemes to provide error checking and/or error correction. Such schemes may include parity or check symbols in a message that may add redundancy, which may be used to check for errors. For example, Ethernet may employ forward error correction (FEC) schemes using Reed-Solomon codes. An increase in the number of parity symbols may increase the power of the error-correcting scheme, but may lead to an increased in latencies. Encoders and decoders that may be configured in a manner to produce variable-length messages while preserving compatibility with network standards are described. Decoders described herein may be able to verify long codewords by checking short codes and integrating the results. Encoders described herein may be able to generate codewords in multiple formats without replicating large segments of the circuitry.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided to improve flexibility of optical signal transmission between integrated circuit devices, and more specifically data utilization circuits. More specifically, the integrated circuit devices may include a data utilization circuit communicatively coupled to a field programmable optical array (FPOA). In some embodiments, the FPOA may convert an electrical signal received from the data utilization to an optical signal, route the optical signal to an optical channel, and multiplex the optical signal with other optical signals routed to the optical channel. Additionally or alternatively, the FPOA may de-multiplex a multiplexed optical signal based on wavelength, route an optical signal included in the multiplexed optical signal to an electrical channel, convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and output the electrical signal to the data utilization circuit via an electrical channel.

Abstract: A method includes receiving an n-level Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM-n) signal at a receiver from a transmitter via a channel. The method also includes determining one or more sampling times of the PAM-n signal. The method further includes determining one or more slicing levels of the PAM-n signal. The method also includes extracting and decomposing jitter in the PAM-n signal for each slicing level of the PAM-n signal to determine one or more jitter components. The method further includes extracting and decomposing noise in the PAM-n signal for each data level of the PAM-n signal to determine one or more noise components. The method also includes adjusting the receiver, the transmitter, the channel, or any combination thereof, based on the one or more jitter components, the one or more noise components, or both.

Abstract: A method includes receiving an n-level Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM-n) signal at a receiver from a transmitter via a channel. The method also includes determining one or more sampling times of the PAM-n signal. The method further includes determining one or more slicing levels of the PAM-n signal. The method also includes extracting and decomposing jitter in the PAM-n signal for each slicing level of the PAM-n signal to determine one or more jitter components. The method further includes extracting and decomposing noise in the PAM-n signal for each data level of the PAM-n signal to determine one or more noise components. The method also includes adjusting the receiver, the transmitter, the channel, or any combination thereof, based on the one or more jitter components, the one or more noise components, or both.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the configuration of data communication links between electrical devices are described. The methods described may consider power efficiency of the data communication link along with bit error rate, latency, data rate, and other specifications. Methods discussed may lead to changes in the data communication link protocol, use of error correction coding scheme, the power consumption and the selection of features employed by the data communication link. Electronic systems capable of implementing the discussed methods may be incorporated in the circuitry of the electrical devices. Methods discussed may change the configuration the data communication link features during the operation of the electrical devices and/or the data communication link.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided to improve flexibility of optical signal transmission between integrated circuit devices, and more specifically data utilization circuits. More specifically, the integrated circuit devices may include a data utilization circuit communicatively coupled to a field programmable optical array (FPOA). In some embodiments, the FPOA may convert an electrical signal received from the data utilization to an optical signal, route the optical signal to an optical channel, and multiplex the optical signal with other optical signals routed to the optical channel. Additionally or alternatively, the FPOA may de-multiplex a multiplexed optical signal based on wavelength, route an optical signal included in the multiplexed optical signal to an electrical channel, convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and output the electrical signal to the data utilization circuit via an electrical channel.

Abstract: A system for determining a response characteristic of an nth order linear system, such as a phase locked loop, is disclosed. An input signal is supplied to the linear system, and the system measures an output signal produced by the linear system. A variance record is constructed for a measurable quantity, such as jitter, extracted from the output signal. The response characteristic of the linear system is then obtained from the variance record. The response characteristic, such as the transfer function, noise processes, and/or power spectral density (PSD), may be found through a numerical or analytical solution to a mathematical relationship between a response function of the nth order linear system and the variance record.

Abstract: A system for determining a response characteristic of an nth order linear system, such as a phase locked loop, is disclosed. An input signal is supplied to the linear system, and the system measures an output signal produced by the linear system. A variance record is constructed for a measurable quantity, such as jitter, extracted from the output signal. The response characteristic of the linear system is then obtained from the variance record. The response characteristic, such as the transfer function, noise processes, and/or power spectral density (PSD), may be found through a numerical or analytical solution to a mathematical relationship between a response function of the nth order linear system and the variance record.