Abstract: A substrate for realizing complex actions with samples of materials is disclosed. The substrate is configured to hold the sample for evaluation and is formed by placing a material on a holder and removing a part of the holder, wherein a peripherally supported membrane is formed.

Abstract: Described herein is a columnar structure on a transparent substrate that incorporates emitting, light-guiding, dielectric, and conduction elements. At least one emitting element of the columnar structure is a column that conducts and/or emits a particle flux, with the surface of one butt-end of the column facing the inside of the substrate and contacting it immediately or indirectly, and the surface of the other butt-end enabling the passage of emission exciting particles into the column.

Abstract: A cathodoluminescent mosaic screen on a light-transparent substrate wherein the light-emitting components of the screen are implemented as light-guiding single-crystalline columns. A method for preparation of the screen by vapor deposition of the luminescent material onto the substrate coated by a localized liquid phase has been proposed.