Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for detection of radio signal. A method performed by a reception apparatus may comprise: obtaining (S101) time domain samples of a radio signal; processing (S102) the time domain samples by a plurality of match filters respectively, to generate a plurality of filtered results of the time domain samples; classifying (S103) a filtered result of the plurality of filtered results by a classifier; discarding (S104) a filtered result classified as being not associated to the code sequence; and determining (S105) whether the code sequence is used in the radio signal, when a filtered result of the radio signal is classified as being associated to the code sequence. Some processing procedures may be avoided based on the classification result of the detected radio signal, and computational complexity may be reduced.

Abstract: A method performed by a base station for operating a data throughput counter in a wireless communications network is provided. The method includes determining a number of data throughput values over a determined period of time, wherein each determined data throughput value represents the data throughput associated with data transferred during a Radio Resource Connection, RRC, connection or part thereof. The method also includes incrementing the data throughput counter based on those determined throughput values for which the amount of data transferred is above a first threshold value, and/or for which the transport time of said amount of data is above a second threshold value. A base station for operating a data throughput counter in a wireless communications network is also provided, as well as computer programs and carriers.

Abstract: Methods and systems for detecting chiral characteristic of an analyte, are provided. In some embodiments, the method disclosed herein (e.g. operated by a system) comprises receiving at least one spectral line of harmonic emission generated by an interaction between a laser field and the analyte; measuring a characteristic of an electric field of the at least one spectral line resulting from an electric dipole interaction between the laser field and the analyte; and determining the chiral characteristic of said analyte based on said measured characteristics of the at least one spectral line.

Abstract: An analog signal processing block with differential signal inputs and including a differential amplifier with differential inputs is disclosed which is configurable to operate either in a differential output mode or in a single-ended output mode without affecting the desired frequency and time characteristics as determined by the switched capacitor networks. The analog signal processing block includes a pair of switched capacitor networks each having one of the differential signal inputs, an input-sided terminal connected to one of the differential inputs of the differential amplifier and an output-sided terminal. The output-sided terminal of a first one of the switched capacitor networks is connected to an output of the differential amplifier.

Abstract: Out-of-range conditions are detected in amplifier CMOS or BiCMOS circuitry that includes a control transistor (MS) connected in series with a cascode transistor (MSC), and a differential amplifier (A1) with an inverting input connected to the node between the control transistor and the cascode transistor, a non-inverting input connected to a reference voltage source (VRDS) and an output connected to the gate of the cascode transistor (MSC). The voltage at the output of the differential amplifier (A1) is monitored, and an error condition is determined when the voltage exceeds or drops below a predetermined threshold value. The invention considerably widens the useful operating range, without requiring sophisticated or complex detection circuitry.

Abstract: A converter circuit and method for converting a pulse-width modulated input signal into a voltage output signal eliminates an offset due to component mismatch. The converter circuit includes at least two channels. Each channel has an operational amplifier with differential inputs and differential outputs. A first capacitor in each channel provides a negative feedback from a first output to a first input and a second capacitor in each channel provides a negative feedback from a second output to a second input. Each channel is conditioned by a switch array in response to the pulse-width modulated signal to operate in a selected one of an integration mode, a sampling mode and a reset mode. In each channel, in the integration mode, the switch array selectively connects the reference current source of first polarity either to the first or to the second input of the operational amplifier, and the reference current source of second polarity to the other of the first and second inputs.

Abstract: Out-of-range conditions are detected in amplifier CMOS or BiCMOS circuitry that includes a control transistor (MS) connected in series with a cascode transistor (MSC), and a differential amplifier (A1) with an inverting input connected to the node between the control transistor and the cascode transistor, a non-inverting input connected to a reference voltage source (VRDS) and an output connected to the gate of the cascode transistor (MSC). The voltage at the output of the differential amplifier (A1) is monitored, and an error condition is determined when the voltage exceeds or drops below a predetermined threshold value. The invention considerably widens the useful operating range, without requiring sophisticated or complex detection circuitry.

Abstract: an analog signal processing block with differential signal inputs and including a differential amplifier with differential inputs is disclosed which is configurable to operate either in a differential output mode or in a single-ended output mode without affecting the desired frequency and time characteristics as determined by the switched capacitor networks. The analog signal processing block includes a pair of switched capacitor networks each having one of the differential signal inputs, an input-sided terminal connected to one of the differential inputs of the differential amplifier and an output-sided terminal. The output-sided terminal of a first one of the switched capacitor networks is connected to an output of the differential amplifier.

Abstract: A converter circuit and method for converting a pulse-width modulated input signal into a voltage output signal eliminates an offset due to component mismatch. The converter circuit includes at least two channels. Each channel has an operational amplifier with differential inputs and differential outputs. A first capacitor in each channel provides a negative feedback from a first output to a first input and a second capacitor in each channel provides a negative feedback from a second output to a second input. Each channel is conditioned by a switch array in response to the pulse-width modulated signal to operate in a selected one of an integration mode, a sampling mode and a reset mode. In each channel, in the integration mode, the switch array selectively connects the reference current source of first polarity either to the first or to the second input of the operational amplifier, and the reference current source of second polarity to the other of the first and second inputs.

Abstract: A process for preparing a powder-like iron-sodium tartrate complex useful for the preparation of a solvent for cellulose which comprises reacting a salt of trivalent iron with sodium tartrate or primary sodium tartrate or a mixture thereof in an aqueous medium at a molar ratio of said reactants of 1:3.0-3.3 respectively, a concentration of the salt of trivalent iron of 0.5-0.7 mole/l of the starting reaction mixture and at a pH of the reaction mixture of 0.8-5.5 with the formation of a reaction mass containing the desired product; the latter is precipitated from the reaction mass by means of a precipitation agent such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or acetone at a volume ratio of the precipitation agent to the reaction mass of 0.7-1.5:1.0 respectively with the formation of a precipitate of the desired product and a mother liquor; the precipitate of the desired product is separated from the mother liquor and dried at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 105.degree. C.

Abstract: The process for producing pulp according to the present invention consists in the subsequent steps of an aqueous treatment of a vegetable stock at a temperature within the range of from 110.degree. to 170.degree. C. under a pressure of from 2 to 7 atm.g. for a period of from 0.3 to 4 hours at a weight ratio of the vegetable stock to water of 1:2-4 respectively; a simultaneous impregnation and cooking of said vegetable stock in a solution of nitric acid at a temperature of from 70.degree. to 90.degree. C. for 0.5-3 hours; cooking at a temperature of from 100.degree. to 130.degree. C. under a pressure of from 1 to 4 atm.g. for 0.3-0.5 hour; an alkali extraction of the vegetable stock; decontamination of the gaseous cooking products by mixing thereof with the air in a volumetric ratio of 1:0.5-1 respectively, and treatment with the spent liquor resulting from the stage of alkali extraction.