Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum, a charging member, a developing member, a transfer member, first and second gears, a drive source, and a control unit. The charging member contacts the photosensitive drum and forms a charging portion to charge a surface of the photosensitive drum. The control unit performs control in such a manner that an image forming operation of performing image formation by rotating the photosensitive drum at a first rotational speed is executable. Where the control unit executes the image forming operation, the control unit performs a switch operation of stopping the photosensitive drum in a state in which the photosensitive drum is driven, while a non-image forming operation to be executed after the image forming operation is executed, and rotationally driving the photosensitive drum again at a second rotational speed faster than the first rotational speed, a plurality of times.

Abstract: The invention has for its object the provision of a thermocouple having a fused portion that is kept against growing bulky in a small ball form, and a process for fabricating the same. To accomplish that object, the inventive thermocouple has a feature that the included butt angle (a) between two thermocouple element wires (2a) and (2b) is 90° or greater. Portions of mutual contact of two thermo-couple element wires are fused and integrated into a thermo-metric contact (16) having a feature that its diameter is at most twice as large as the diameter of each element wire (2a), (2b).

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a probe which can provide stable electrical conduction to an electrode of an object to be measured even when it is miniaturized. A probe 100 comprises a columnar contact part 110 which can come in contact with an electrode 10 of an object to be measured almost perpendicularly, and a base end (not shown) connected to the contact part 110, the contact part 110 comprises a base part 111 and an expansion part 111a bonded to an end of the base part 111 in a width direction, and the expansion part 111a is formed of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient higher than that of the base part 111.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a probe which can provide stable electrical conduction to an electrode of an object to be measured even when it is miniaturized. A probe 100 comprises a columnar contact part 110 which can come in contact with an electrode 10 of an object to be measured almost perpendicularly, and a base end (not shown) connected to the contact part 110, the contact part 110 comprises a base part 111 and an expansion part 111a bonded to an end of the base part 111 in a width direction, and the expansion part 111a is formed of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient higher than that of the base part 111.

Abstract: A process for arranging a number of micro-bodies efficiently and precisely as one on one spot on a substrate. Charged spots are formed by a converging ion beam or the like on a substrate having an insulating property or the like, and micro-bodies having a size of 200 microns or less are attracted and stuck to the charged spots.

Abstract: A process for arranging a number of micro-bodies efficiently and precisely as one on one spot on a substrate. Charged spots are formed by a converging ion beam or the like on a substrate having an insulating property or the like, and micro-bodies having a size of 200 microns or less are attracted and stuck to the charged spots.

Abstract: A process for arranging a number of micro-bodies efficiently and precisely as one on one spot on a substrate. Charged spots are formed by a converging ion beam or the like on a substrate having an insulating property or the like, and micro-bodies having a size of 200 microns or less are attracted and stuck to the charged spots.

Abstract: A process for arranging a number of micro-bodies efficiently and precisely as one on one spot on a substrate.

Abstract: A novel patterned thin film forming method is capable of realizing formation of nanometer-scale patterned thin films with high controllability by an easy and low-cost process. To form a patterned thin film on an insulating substrate in a precursor solution containing a film-forming substance, an electric charge pattern is formed on the insulating substrate, and then the insulating substrate is dipped in the precursor solution to deposit the film-forming substance on the electric charge pattern formed on the insulating substrate.

Abstract: A novel patterned thin film forming method is capable of realizing formation of nanometer-scale patterned thin films with high controllability by an easy and low-cost process. To form a patterned thin film on an insulating substrate in a precursor solution containing a film-forming substance, an electric charge pattern is formed on the insulating substrate, and then the insulating substrate is dipped in the precursor solution to deposit the film-forming substance on the electric charge pattern formed on the insulating substrate.

Abstract: A process for arranging a number of micro-bodies efficiently and precisely as one on one spot on a substrate.

Abstract: A process for arranging a number of micro-bodies efficiently and precisely as one on one spot on a substrate.