Abstract: The invention provides a metal-based carbon fiber composite material that can be prepared with commonly used cheap materials and less energy than in a melt method, has a wide range of dimensions and shapes (particularly large area) and is excellent in the thermal conductivity and light in weight. The metal-based carbon fiber composite material can be obtained by heating and pressure welding a metal and carbon fibers and has a structure in which a metal layer and a carbon fiber-containing metal layer are alternately stacked. The metal-based carbon fiber composite material can be produced by a method comprising the steps of: adhering carbon fibers on a sheet or foil metal support to form a preform; stacking the preforms to form a preform laminate; and heating and pressure welding the preform laminate in a vacuum or non-oxidizing atmosphere to unite the preforms together.

Abstract: A photo-driven optical deflecting apparatus in which a light beam is deflected by using only light beam(s), comprising (a) a dielectric substrate having "photovoltaic effect"; (b) one or more first couples of electrodes formed in or on at least a portion of the surface(s) of said substrate so as to polarize the portion(s) positioned between said couple(s) of the electrodes formed thereby; (c) one or more photo-driving or photo-receiving elements provided at least in the polarized portion(s) of the surface of said dielectric substrate, having a polarization direction oriented in one direction, and having photovoltaic effect so as to generate a voltage between said electrodes; (d) a dielectric and transparent prism having "electrooptic effect" through which a light beam to be deflected is passed and deflected, provided on the surface of said substrate, having a second couple of electrodes provided on a couple of the surfaces of the prism, which surfaces are parallel to the optic axis; and a polarizer provided o

Abstract: There is provided a pyroelectric ceramic composition of the general formula:X--PbZrO.sub.3 --Y--Pb(Zn.sub.1/3 NB.sub.2/3)O.sub.3 --Z--PbTiO.sub.3where X+Y+Z=1, X=0.07, 0.82.ltoreq.X.ltoreq.0.93, O<Y.ltoreq.0.11, and having both of high pyroelectric constant and the second transition temperature below its Curie's temperature. Further, the material comprising the combination of the fired powders having the different compositions of the above formula, each from the other can be more useful.

Abstract: There is provided a new electro-optical effect composition having the general formula:(1-x)Pb(Mg.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3)O.sub.3 --xPbTiO.sub.3wherein 0.5.ltoreq..times..ltoreq.0.40.

Abstract: A photo-driven switching apparatus in which a light beam is switched or modulated by using only light beam(s), comprising (a) a dielectric substrate having "photovoltaic effect"; (b) one or more couples of electrodes formed in or on at least portions of the surface(s) of the substrate so as to polarize the portion(s) positioned between the couple(s) of the electrodes thereby, (c) one or more photo-driving or photo-receiving elements provided at least in the polarized portion(s) of the surface of the dielectric substrate, having a polarization direction arranged at one certain direction, and having photovoltaic effect so as to generate photovoltage; (d) a dielectric rotation element comprising a light beam switching passage or modulator having a couple of polarizers, the polarization direction of each of which is perpendicularly crossed or parallel to each other, positioned on the surface of incoming of a light beam to be modulated, and at the surface of outgoing of the light beam, and a couple of electrodes f

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for shielding electromagnetic radiation which includes a casing made primarily of electromagnetic shielding material and an electromagnetic wave suppressor member having high permeability and/or permittivity. A method for using this apparatus also is described. The suppressor member has a high dielectric loss and/or high magnetic loss at a location close to the place in the casing where electromagnetic waves are less shielded, thereby reducing leakage of undesirable electromagnetic waves from the casing.

Abstract: A pyroelectric ceramic composition of the general formula: PbZr.sub.X (Zn.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3).sub.Y Ti.sub.Z O.sub.3 wherein X+Y+Z=1 is provided having both of high pyroelectric constant and the second transition temperature below its Curie's temperature. Further, there is provided a multilayered pyroelectric structure comprising a stack of a plurality of layers, each of which has the different composition each to other, of the general formula: PbZr.sub.X (Zn.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3).sub.Y Ti.sub.Z O.sub.3 wherein X+Y+Z=1, where the value of Z is different from each other in the different layers.

Abstract: There is provided a monolithic structure of an LC circuit incorporated component comprising at least one capacitor formed from internal electrodes in layered form in a ceramic monolithic structure, at least one inductor formed from internal conductive structure in coil form in said monolithic structure, internal connecting leads for connecting said capacitor(s) and inductor(s) to form said circuit, formed in said structure, and terminals for the circuit, formed at the surface(s) of the component.

Abstract: An implant material for replacing hard tissue of a living body is provided. The implant material comprises 10 to 90 wt % of a fiber glass and 90 to 10 wt % of an organic high polymer material. The fiber glass is mainly composed of calcium phosphate. The organic high polymer material does not inhibit affinity with the living body. On the surface of the implant material, a portion of the fiber glass is exposed.

Abstract: A fiber glass is provided for filling in a defect or hollow portion of bone. The fiber glass comprises calcium phosphate as a main ingredient and has a negative zeta potential. The calcium phosphate has a molar ratio of Ca/P of not less than 0.2 and less than 0.6 and the total content of CaO plus P.sub.2 O.sub.5 in the fiber glass is less than 80 wt %. The fiber glass is of long filament form or staple fiber form. The fiber glass of long filament form may be woven to form a woven filler.

Abstract: A fiber glass is provided for filling in a defect or hollow portion of bone. The fiber glass comprises calcium phosphate as a main ingredient and has a negative zeta potential. The calcium phosphate has a molar ratio of Ca/P of not less than 0.2 and less than 0.6 and the total content of CaO plus P.sub.2 O.sub.5 less than 80 wt %. The fiber glass is of long filament form or staple fiber form. The fiber glass of long filament form may be woven to form a woven filler.

Abstract: A fiber glass is provided for filling in a defect or hollow portion of bone. The fiber glass comprises calcium phosphate as a main ingredient and has a negative zeta potential. The calcium phosphate has a molar ratio of Ca/P of not less than 0.2 and less than 0.6 and the total content of CaO plus P.sub.2 O.sub.5 in the fiber glass is less than 80 wt %. The fiber glass is of long filament form or staple fiber form. The fiber glass of long filament form may be woven to form a woven filler.

Abstract: A filler for filling in defects or hollow portions of bones to coalesce with the bone tissues is provided which comprises powders of a calcium phosphate compound having the apatite crystalline structure of each crystallite size of 400 .ANG. or larger and of each crystal grain size of 3 .mu.m or smaller, said calcium phosphate compound being represented by the following general formula of Ca.sub.m (PO.sub.4).sub.n OH (1.33.ltoreq.m/n.ltoreq.1.95), and said powders being fluidized or plasticized.

Abstract: A filler for filling in defects or hollow portions of bones to coalesce with the bone tissues is provided which comprises powders of a calcium phosphate compound having the apatite crystalline structure of each crystal grain size of from 50 .orgate. to 10 microns and represented by the following general formula of Ca.sub.m (PO.sub.4).sub.n OH (1.33.ltoreq.m/n.ltoreq.1.95); and said powders being adapted for filling in a fluidized or plasticized state. A method of treating a bone with the filler is also provided wherein at least a portion of said filler is filled in to reach the bone-marrow cavity of said bone.

Abstract: A process for making a porous sintered body of calcium phosphate having continuous and fine pores distributed uniformly throughout the porous body is provided which comprises the steps of: preparing a slurry of amorphous calcium phosphate having a molar ratio of calcium to phosphor ranging within 1.59 to 1.80; adding a foaming agent to said slurry; dipping a porous body of an organic material having continuous and fine void channels into said slurry prior to or after foaming said slurry to allow said slurry to adhere on the internal walls of said void channels; heating said porous body of said organic material at a temperature high enough for decomposing said organic material to varnish into smoke and concurrently for thermally converting said amorphous calcium phosphate into hydroxyapatite to form a network of hydroxyapatite; and sintering said network of hydroxyapatite to form said porous sintered body.

Abstract: A novel gap type surge absorber is disclosed. The surge absorber comprises a plurality of carbon thin films isolated from each others at short distances attached to the surface of an insulating body and one material selected from the group consisting of a metal, an alloy and a conductive adhesive as an electrode fixed to each of the plural carbon thin films. The surge absorber is an element based on a new mechanism that when a surge voltage reaches a prescribed value, a discharge is generated owing to emission of electrons between the carbon thin films and thereby a creeping discharge is initiated between the electrodes. The surge absorber has a small electrostatic capacity as well as a small discharge lag and is capable of cutting off a follow current.