Abstract: Cesium is extracted from acidified nuclear waste by contacting the waste with a bis 4,4'(5) [1-hydroxy-2-ethylhexyl]benzo 18-crown-6 compound and a cation exchanger in a matrix solution. Strontium is extracted from acidified nuclear waste by contacting the waste with a bis 4,4'(5') [1-hydroxyheptyl]cyclohexo 18-crown-6 compound, and a cation exchanger in a matrix solution.

Abstract: Bi-metallic alloys of iron and titanium are employed as catalysts for reacting nitrogen and hydrogen to yield ammonia. The binary alloy composition is first activated by removing surface oxides with hydrogen gas at elevated temperatures and pressures. The particle size of the catalyst may then be reduced by one or more dehydriding and hydriding steps.

Abstract: Titanium-iron alloys, conditioned or activated to be reversible hydride formers, function as catalysts to promote gas phase hydrogenation and, dehydrogenation reactions. In the hydride form in the presence of hydrogen, the alloys catalyze hydrogenation of C.tbd.C, C.dbd.C, C.tbd.O, C.dbd.O, C.dbd.N, C.tbd.N, N.dbd.O, N.dbd.N and N.tbd.N bonds. Of particular utility is the synthesis of ammonia from a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture at relatively low temperature and pressure. In the unhydrided or metallic form the alloys dehydrogenate C--C, C.dbd.C, C--H and C--N bonds where hydrogen is attached to these groups. Of particular utility is the dehydrogenation of ethane to form ethylene at relatively low temperature and where increased pressure increases the percentage of ethane converted to ethylene.