Abstract: Provided is a transistor device including: a substrate; a lower transistor positioned on the substrate and including a lower channel layer, a lower gate, and a lower source/drain region; an upper transistor positioned on the lower transistor and including an upper channel layer, an upper gate, and an upper source/drain region; and an inner spacer configured to insulate the lower transistor from the upper transistor, wherein the inner spacer may be formed by removing a portion of each of a first sacrificial layer and a second sacrificial layer, which are formed above and below the lower channel layer and the upper channel layer and have different Ge contents, to a depth according to a Ge content and then depositing an insulating material.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material, an aqueous binder, and a lithium carboxymethyl cellulose salt (CMC-Li salt). The electrolyte includes a lithium salt and an organic solvent, and the organic solvent includes diethyl carbonate.

Abstract: A polyester resin that exhibits heat resistance and transparency by including at least dispiro[5.1.5.1]tetradecane-7,14-diol as a diol component, and a preparation method of this polyester resin are disclosed. The polyester resin is obtained by copolymerization of two or more glycols in addition to dispiro[5.1.5.1]tetradecane-7,14-diol and dicarboxylic acid component, which may include terephthalic acid. The diol component may include 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol in a range from 30 to 50 mol % based on 100 mol % of the dicarboxylic acid and dispiro[5.1.5.1]tetradecane-7,14-diol in a range from 5 to 60 mol % based on 100 mol % of the dicarboxylic acid moiety and ethylene glycol.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a polyester resin exhibiting excellent heat resistance and high transparency by including dispiro[5.1.5.1]tetradecane-7,14-diol as a diol component, and a preparation method of the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a negative electrode active material having excellent output characteristics and causing little gas generation, and an electrode including the negative electrode active material. The negative electrode active material includes metal oxide-lithium titanium oxide (MO-LTO) composite particles which have a shape of secondary particles formed by aggregation of primary particles, wherein the primary particles have a core-shell structure including a core and a shell totally or at least partially covering the surface of the core, the core includes primary particles of lithium titanium oxide (LTO), and the shell includes a metal oxide.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a negative electrode active material having excellent output characteristics and causing little gas generation, and an electrode including the negative electrode active material. The negative electrode active material includes metal oxide-lithium titanium oxide (MO-LTO) composite particles which have a shape of secondary particles formed by aggregation of primary particles, wherein the primary particles have a core-shell structure including a core and a shell totally or at least partially covering the surface of the core, the core includes primary particles of lithium titanium oxide (LTO), and the shell includes a metal oxide.

Abstract: Provided is a diagnostic apparatus. The diagnostic apparatus includes a microfluidic chip including first and second measurement parts for respectively measuring an amount of hemoglobin and an active degree of an enzyme within a blood sample. The second measurement part of the microfluidic chip analyzes the active degree of the enzyme within the blood sample using voltammetry.

Abstract: Provided is a diagnostic apparatus. The diagnostic apparatus includes a microfluidic chip including first and second measurement parts for respectively measuring an amount of hemoglobin and an active degree of an enzyme within a blood sample. The second measurement part of the microfluidic chip analyzes the active degree of the enzyme within the blood sample using voltammetry.

Abstract: Provided is a diagnostic apparatus. The diagnostic apparatus includes a microfluidic chip including first and second measurement parts for respectively measuring an amount of hemoglobin and an active degree of an enzyme within a blood sample. The second measurement part of the microfluidic chip analyzes the active degree of the enzyme within the blood sample using voltammetry.

Abstract: Provided is a diagnostic apparatus. The diagnostic apparatus includes a microfluidic chip including first and second measurement parts for respectively measuring an amount of hemoglobin and an active degree of an enzyme within a blood sample. The second measurement part of the microfluidic chip analyzes the active degree of the enzyme within the blood sample using voltammetry.