Abstract: A word line driving circuit includes a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit is configured to provide a first word line driving voltage and a second word line driving voltage based on a first control signal, a second control signal, a first bias voltage, a second bias voltage and a base voltage. The second circuit is configured to provide the first control signal and the second control signal based on a third control signal, a fourth control signal, a word line control signal, a reverse word line control signal, the first bias voltage, the second bias voltage and the base voltage. The first bias voltage and the second bias voltage have different levels during the read mode and the program mode for adaptively adjusting the read voltage and the program voltage, thereby improving the data access time.

Abstract: A power circuit is adapted for providing a programming voltage to an electronic fuse circuit, and includes a pass transistor of a P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor, a buffer circuit, and a bulk voltage control circuit. The pass transistor includes a bulk electrode, a gate electrode, a first source/drain electrode receiving a system high voltage, and a second source/drain electrode connected to a bit line. The buffer circuit provides a control voltage to the gate electrode of the pass transistor. The pass transistor is turned on during a programming operation and turned off during a reading operation. The bulk voltage control circuit independently provides a bulk voltage to the bulk electrode. A last-stage buffer of the buffer circuit is also activated by the bulk voltage to control the pass transistor during the reading operation of the electronic fuse circuit. A method for providing power to an electronic fuse circuit is also provided.

Abstract: A power circuit is adapted for providing a programming voltage to an electronic fuse circuit, and includes a pass transistor of a P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor, a buffer circuit, and a bulk voltage control circuit. The pass transistor includes a bulk electrode, a gate electrode, a first source/drain electrode receiving a system high voltage, and a second source/drain electrode connected to a bit line. The buffer circuit provides a control voltage to the gate electrode of the pass transistor. The pass transistor is turned on during a programming operation and turned off during a reading operation. The bulk voltage control circuit independently provides a bulk voltage to the bulk electrode. A last-stage buffer of the buffer circuit is also activated by the bulk voltage to control the pass transistor during the reading operation of the electronic fuse circuit. A method for providing power to an electronic fuse circuit is also provided.

Abstract: A word line driving circuit includes a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit is configured to provide a first word line driving voltage and a second word line driving voltage based on a first control signal, a second control signal, a first bias voltage, a second bias voltage and a base voltage. The second circuit is configured to provide the first control signal and the second control signal based on a third control signal, a fourth control signal, a word line control signal, a reverse word line control signal, the first bias voltage, the second bias voltage and the base voltage. The first bias voltage and the second bias voltage have different levels during the read mode and the program mode for adaptively adjusting the read voltage and the program voltage, thereby improving the data access time.

Abstract: A power circuit is adapted for providing a programming voltage to an electronic fuse circuit, and includes a pass transistor of a P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor, a buffer circuit, and a bulk voltage control circuit. The pass transistor includes a bulk electrode, a gate electrode, a first source/drain electrode receiving a system high voltage, and a second source/drain electrode connected to a bit line. The buffer circuit provides a control voltage to the gate electrode of the pass transistor. The pass transistor is turned on during a programming operation and turned off during a reading operation. The bulk voltage control circuit independently provides a bulk voltage to the bulk electrode. A last-stage buffer of the buffer circuit is also activated by the bulk voltage to control the pass transistor during the reading operation of the electronic fuse circuit. A method for providing power to an electronic fuse circuit is also provided.

Abstract: A self-biased amplifier includes a capacitor, a bias generation circuit and a common source amplifier. The capacitor is used to receive an input voltage and output an alternating component of the input voltage. The bias generation circuit is coupled to the capacitor, and used to generate a first bias voltage according to the alternating component. The common source amplifier is coupled to the bias generation circuit, and used to generate an amplified voltage according to the first bias voltage.

Abstract: A self-biased amplifier includes a capacitor, a bias generation circuit and a common source amplifier. The capacitor is used to receive an input voltage and output an alternating component of the input voltage. The bias generation circuit is coupled to the capacitor, and used to generate a first bias voltage according to the alternating component. The common source amplifier is coupled to the bias generation circuit, and used to generate an amplified voltage according to the first bias voltage.

Abstract: A crystal oscillator with a configuration that allows for reduction of power consumption includes a crystal element, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor, an eighth transistor, a ninth transistor, a crystal element. The crystal element includes a first terminal coupled to a control terminal of the seventh transistor and a second terminal coupled to a first terminal of the seventh transistor. The second transistor includes a control terminal coupled to an output terminal of the crystal oscillator and a first terminal of the ninth transistor.

Abstract: A level shift circuit receives an first input logic signal and a second input logic signal, and generates a first output logic signal and a second output logic signal. The level shift circuit includes a first current mirror module, a second current mirror module, and a latch module. The first current mirror module and the second current mirror module respectively output a first control logic signal having a phase performance following the first input logic signal and a second control logic signal having a phase performance following the second input logic signal. The latch module is coupled to the first current mirror module and the second current mirror module. The latch module receives the first control logic signal and the second control logic signal, and updates correspondingly and stores the output logic signal and the complementary output logic signal.

Abstract: An electronic-fuse (e-fuse) circuit includes: an e-fuse array; a control switch, coupled to the e-fuse array, for controlling whether a voltage supply is applied to the e-fuse array in programming; and a close loop feedback circuit, coupled to the control switch and the e-fuse array, for clamping at lease one node voltage of the e-fuse array to a reference voltage, and for controlling the control switch to control a blowing current in programming the e-fuse array.

Abstract: An electronic-fuse (e-fuse) circuit includes: an e-fuse array; a control switch, coupled to the e-fuse array, for controlling whether a voltage supply is applied to the e-fuse array in programming; and a close loop feedback circuit, coupled to the control switch and the e-fuse array, for clamping at lease one node voltage of the e-fuse array to a reference voltage, and for controlling the control switch to control a blowing current in programming the e-fuse array.

Abstract: A heat exchanging system is provided for conditioning indoor temperature of a building. The heat exchanging system includes a magnetic refrigerator, an indoor heat exchanger and an outdoor heat exchanger. The indoor heat exchanger is thermally connected to the magnetic refrigerator. The outdoor heat exchanger is thermally connected to the magnetic refrigerator. The outdoor heat exchanger includes a geothermal heat exchanging unit, wherein the geothermal heat exchanging unit is embedded under the ground of a building.

Abstract: A method of forming a flexible implement grip utilizing a cured underlist. A sleeve is formed of uncured sheet stock laminated with a carrier having a design thereon of heat transferable colored ink. The laminate is cut to a pattern, wrapped on a core bar and heated in a mold with textured/embossed cavities. The design is heat transferred to the sheet stock in the molding and upon removal from the mold, the carrier and core bar are removed to leave a seamless tubular sleeve with the colored design on the outer surface. The sleeve is then assembled on the underlist and adhesively secured thereon forming a finished grip.

Abstract: A magnetic cooling device is provided, including a magnetocaloric module and a magnetic unit movably disposed around the magnetocaloric module. The magnetocaloric module comprises a bed, a first magnetocaloric member, a second magnetocaloric member, and a third magnetocaloric member received in the bed, wherein the first and third magnetocaloric members are respectively close to a cold end and a hot end of the magnetocaloric module. Specifically, the first, second, and third magnetocaloric members are arranged along a central axis of the magnetocaloric module, and the weight of the third magnetocaloric member exceeds that of the first and second magnetocaloric members. A thermal fluid sequentially flows through the first, second, and third magnetocaloric members to transfer heat from the cold end to the hot end of the magnetocaloric module.

Abstract: A heat exchanging system is provided for conditioning indoor temperature of a building. The heat exchanging system includes a magnetic refrigerator, an indoor heat exchanger and an outdoor heat exchanger. The indoor heat exchanger is thermally connected to the magnetic refrigerator. The outdoor heat exchanger is thermally connected to the magnetic refrigerator. The outdoor heat exchanger includes a geothermal heat exchanging unit, wherein the geothermal heat exchanging unit is embedded under the ground of a building.

Abstract: In one version of the method of making a flexible grip, a thin film carrier with negative of desired colored image is laminated to an uncured skin sheet and flat cured in a mold to heat transfer the image to the skin sheet and concurrently form a textured surface. The carrier is peeled away and the skin sheet wrapped and adhesively bonded to a cured underlist. In another version, the thin film carrier with negative of desired image is laminated on an uncured skin sheet which is wrapped on a cured underlist. The wrapped underlist is cured in a textured mold cavity to concurrently, in a single molding operation, heat transfer the image of the skin sheet from a textured surface and cure the skin sheet in place on the underlist.

Abstract: A magnetocaloric module for a magnetic refrigeration apparatus includes: a bed having an inner surface; a magnetocaloric material filled in the bed; and an insulating layer formed over the inner surface, isolating the magnetocaloric material from the bed. With the use of the insulating layer, thermal conduction between the magnetocaloric material and the bed can be reduced and Galvanic corrosion which may occur to the bed can be prevented. Also, a temperature gradient of the magnetocaloric module may be further extended.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a multicompound hand grip for an implement, like a golf club grip, that has varying hardness in selected areas. The grip has an inner sleeve and an outer panel. The inner sleeve is made of a first elastomeric material and includes selected raised portions that provide a reinforcement ridge in some embodiments to provide varying hardness at selected locations or areas. The sleeve is made of a material having a durometer value that differs from the material and the durometer value of the outer panel to provide a grip with good tactile feel and gripping qualities.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a multicompound hand grip for an implement, like a golf club grip, that has varying hardness in selected areas. The grip has an inner sleeve and an outer panel. The inner sleeve is made of a first elastomeric material and includes selected raised portions that provide a reinforcement ridge in some embodiments to provide varying hardness at selected locations or areas. The sleeve is made of a material having a durometer value that differs from the material and the durometer value of the outer panel to provide a grip with good tactile feel and gripping qualities.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a multicompound hand grip for an implement, like a golf club grip, that has varying hardness in selected areas. The grip has an inner sleeve and an outer panel. The inner sleeve is made of a first elastomeric material and includes selected raised portions that provide a reinforcement ridge in some embodiments to provide varying hardness at selected locations or areas. The sleeve is made of a material having a durometer value that differs from the material and the durometer value of the outer panel to provide a grip with good tactile feel and gripping qualities.