Abstract: A memory system is provided to include a memory device including a first memory block and a second memory block, and a memory controller configured, in response to a read request from a host, to control the memory device to read data stored in a first page corresponding to a first logical address included in the read request, update a read count of the first memory block including the first page, and perform a refresh operation of copying data stored in pages of the first memory block to the second memory block based on the read count of the first memory block. The memory controller is further configured to control a priority of the refresh operation on any page based on the number of times logical addresses corresponding to the pages of the first memory block that are received from the host.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery having excellent battery performance at high voltage, wherein the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention includes a positive electrode which includes a positive electrode active material layer including a lithium nickel cobalt manganese-based oxide having an average particle diameter of primary particles of 3 ?m or more and a lithium cobalt-based oxide, a negative electrode which includes a negative electrode active material layer including a negative electrode active material, and an electrolyte, wherein a ratio of negative electrode capacity to positive electrode capacity is in a range of 1.06 to 1.15.

Abstract: Provided are a compound represented by Formula 24, an organic electric element comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic material layer formed between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising the compound of Formula 24, and an electronic device thereof, the element and device having improved driving voltage, luminous efficiency and lifetime from the employment of the compound.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a mask assembly and a method of manufacturing the mask assembly. A mask assembly includes a frame including a frame opening, and an open mask including cell openings overlapping the frame opening. The open mask further includes support portions overlapping remaining cell openings except a first cell opening among the cell openings.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a first optical module including a first light source part, a first sub-light source part that is lighted individually with the first light source part, and a first reflector that reflects a light beam irradiated from the first sub-light source part, a second optical module including a second light source part, a second sub-light source part that is lighted individually with the second light source part, and a second reflector that reflects a light beam irradiated from the second sub-light source part, and a third optical module including a third light source part, a third sub-light source part that is lighted individually with the third light source part, and a third reflector that reflects a light beam irradiated from the third sub-light source part.

Abstract: A circuit board according to an embodiment includes an insulating layer including a first via hole; a first via disposed in the first via hole of the insulating layer; wherein the first via includes: a first via part disposed in a first region of the first via hole; and a second via part disposed in a second region other than the first region of the first via hole; wherein the second region is a central region of the first via hole, and the first region is an outer region surrounding the second region; wherein the first via part and the second via part includes: a first surface in contact with each other; and a second surface other than the first surface exposed on the insulating layer; wherein the first surface has a first surface roughness; wherein the second surface has a second surface roughness different from the first surface roughness.

Abstract: A lamp for a vehicle includes a first optical module that forms a first light distribution pattern, and including a first light source part, and a first output lens part that outputs light input from the first light source part, and a second optical module that forms a second light distribution pattern having light distribution characteristics that is different from those of the first light distribution pattern, and including a second light source part, and a second output lens part that outputs light input from the second light source part. The first optical module and the second optical module are arranged in an upward/downward direction, the first light distribution pattern and the second light distribution pattern overlap each other to implement a low beam.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to an organic electronic device capable of ensuring high luminous efficiency, low driving voltage and high heat resistance, and improving color purity or lifespan.

Abstract: A method for isolating a lithium precursor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes preparing a preliminary precursor mixture including a preliminary lithium precursor and a preliminary transition metal precursor, mixing the preliminary precursor mixture and a precipitation liquid in a reactor to form a precursor mixture, and injecting a non-reactive gas into the precursor mixture. Accordingly, the lithium precursor can be isolated with high yield and high efficiency.

Abstract: In a method for recovering active metals of a lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment, a cathode active material mixture is collected from the cathode of the lithium secondary battery, the cathode active material mixture is reduced by a reducing reaction to prepare a preliminary precursor mixture, an aqueous lithium precursor solution is formed from the preliminary precursor mixture, and an aluminum-containing material is removed from the aqueous lithium precursor solution with an aluminum removing resin.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles using carbon monoxide, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles, the method of which a simple and fast one-pot reaction enables particle manufacturing to reduce process costs, facilitate scale-up, change various types of core and shell metals, and form a multi-layered shell by including the steps of adsorbing carbon monoxide on a transition metal for a core, and reacting carbon monoxide adsorbed on the surface of the transition metal for the core, a metal precursor for a shell, and a solvent to form particles with a core-shell structure having a reduced metal shell layer formed on a transition metal core.

Abstract: A display apparatus having a mura compensation function includes a mura memory in which compensation data corresponding to coefficient values of a mura compensation equation is stored; and a mura compensation circuit configured to perform mura compensations on display data by using the mura compensation equation to which the compensation data has been applied, wherein the coefficient values are set so that the mura compensation equation has been fit to have a curve that satisfies known difference values of selected gray levels, a first estimation difference value of a first estimation gray level higher than the selected gray levels, and a second estimation difference value of a second estimation gray level lower than the selected gray levels, and wherein the compensation data comprises the coefficient values of the mura compensation equation in which all of the known difference values of the selected gray levels, the first estimation difference value, and the second estimation difference value have a differen

Abstract: Provided are the compound represented by Formula 2-K, an organic electric element including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic material layer formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and electronic device thereof, and by including the compound represented by Formula 1 and compound represented by Formula 2 or the compound represented by Formula 2-K in the organic material layer, the driving voltage of the organic electric element can be lowered, and the luminous efficiency and life time of the organic electric element can be improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating pain, comprising GR82334 as an active ingredient. Particularly, the present invention relates to: a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating pain, comprising GR82334 as an active ingredient; and a pain treatment method comprising a step of intra-articularly or intrathecally administering the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to an individual in which pain arises.

Abstract: A device for controlling a behavior of a vehicle identifies sensing data including at least one of a travel state of a host vehicle, an operation signal for the host vehicle, a lateral force acting on the host vehicle caused by cross-wind, or any combination using a sensor. The device also identifies an intention determination value related to an intention of a user using at least some of the sensing data. The device also identifies at least one of a braking control amount, a steering control amount for the host vehicle, or any combination using at least some of the sensing data when the sensing data and the intention determination value satisfy specified conditions. The device also compensates for a behavior of the host vehicle based on the braking control amount, the steering control amount, or any combination.

Abstract: Provided are porous silica impregnated with an extract of an Epidermidibacterium keratini strain, a cosmetic composition including the same, and a method of producing the cosmetic composition. Porous silica according to one aspect is impregnated with an E. keratini strain extract, which is a water-insoluble component, and thus can improve the negative feeling of use characteristic of the water-insoluble component and be formulated stably. In addition, the porous silica has an excellent skin improvement effect, and thus can be used as a cosmetic composition.

Abstract: A circuit board according to an embodiment includes an insulating layer including a first via hole; a first via disposed in the first via hole of the insulating layer; wherein the first via includes: a first via part disposed in a first region of the first via hole; and a second via part disposed in a second region other than the first region of the first via hole; wherein the second region is a central region of the first via hole, and the first region is an outer region surrounding the second region; wherein the first via part and the second via part includes: a first surface in contact with each other; and a second surface other than the first surface exposed on the insulating layer; wherein the first surface has a first surface roughness; wherein the second surface has a second surface roughness different from the first surface roughness.

Abstract: The present application relates to a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, an organic optoelectronic diode and a display device. In Chemical Formula 1, each substituent has the same definition as in the specification.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochemical device separator including a porous polymer substrate and an organic/inorganic composite porous coating layer formed on at least one side of the polymer substrate, wherein the organic/inorganic composite porous coating layer comprises particulate binder resins and first inorganic particles, the particulate binder polymers include hybrid polymer particles of a fluorine-based polymer and an acrylic-based polymer and acrylic-based polymer particles, the acrylic polymer particles have a particle size D50 “a” in a range of 1 to 7 ?m, the first inorganic particles have a particle size D50 “b” in a range of 200 to 800 nm, a/b is 2 to 15, and the hybrid polymer particles have a particle size D50 smaller than that of the acrylic polymer particles.

Abstract: A positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector. The positive electrode active material layer includes a positive electrode active material and a conductive material. The conductive material includes a linear conductive material. The positive electrode active material includes a lithium composite transition metal oxide containing nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn). The lithium composite transition metal oxide is in the form of a single particle. The positive electrode active material has an average particle diameter (D50) of 2 ?m to 10 ?m. The positive electrode satisfies a specific equation for a BET specific surface area and an amount of the positive electrode active material and the linear conductive material.