Abstract: An electronic device comprising a semiconductor memory including a plurality of memory cells is provided. Each of the plurality of memory cells includes: a first electrode layer; a variable resistance layer disposed over the first electrode layer; a second electrode layer disposed over the variable resistance layer; and an interface electrode layer interposed between the first electrode layer and the variable resistance layer or between the second electrode layer and the variable resistance layer. The interface electrode layer includes a porous metal-containing layer.

Abstract: A light emitting diode floodlight includes a hollow housing, a lens, a cover, a light source, an illumination reflector, an intermediate portion, and a power source. The cover is coupled to the end of the housing and configured to hold and support the lens. The light source has a pyramidal frustum-shaped portion installed at an opposite end of the housing. The illumination reflector is installed within the housing so as to surround a periphery of the pyramidal frustum-shaped portion of the light source. The intermediate portion is connected to a first heat sink of the light source and has a second heat sink on an outer peripheral surface thereof. The power source has a power supply electrically connected to the light source.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lens for an LED outdoor lamp, and a road lamp, a security lamp, a tunnel lamp, a park lamp, a guard lamp, an industrial flood lamp, and an outdoor lamp using the lens. There is an advantage in that the shape of a light field can be a square shape by controlling light distribution. Brightness is very uniform within a available illumination range, and stray light is hardly generated outside of the range.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lens for an LED outdoor lamp, and a road lamp, a security lamp, a tunnel lamp, a park lamp, a guard lamp, an industrial flood lamp, and an outdoor lamp using the lens. There is an advantage in that the shape of a light field can be a square shape by controlling light distribution. Brightness is very uniform within a available illumination range, and stray light is hardly generated outside of the range.