Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for determining a modality of interaction between a user and a robot. The apparatus includes memory in which at least one program is recorded and a processor for executing the program. The program may perform recognizing a user state and an environment state by sensing circumstances around a robot, determining an interaction capability state associated with interaction with a user based on the recognized user state and environment state, and determining the interaction behavior of the robot for the interaction with the user based on the user state, the environment state, and the interaction capability state.

Abstract: A motor-driving control system includes an actuator configured to generate rotational force by driving received current, a current provider configured to provide current to the actuator while repeatedly turning on and off the current at a preset period and duty, and a controller configured to estimate a rotation position or a rotation speed of the actuator in a section in which the current of the current provider is turned on or off and to control the current provider to follow a speed command based on the estimated rotation position or rotation speed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an internal command pulse generation circuit and a sense data generation circuit. The internal command pulse generation circuit is configured to generate an internal command pulse based on a write signal, a latency code, and an offset code. The sense data generation circuit is configured to generate a sense data based on the internal command pulse and an internal data strobe signal and configured to generate the sense data based on the internal command pulse and a delayed strobe signal.

Abstract: A micro device includes an epitaxial structure, an overcoat layer, and a first light-guiding structure. The epitaxial structure has a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to each other and a peripheral surface connecting the top surface and the bottom surface. The insulating layer covers at least the bottom surface and part of the peripheral surface of the epitaxial structure. The overcoat layer includes a contact portion and an extension portion. The contact portion conformally covers the insulating layer and the peripheral surface and the bottom surface of the epitaxial structure, and the extension portion connects the contact portion and extends in a direction away from the peripheral surface. The display apparatus includes a circuit substrate and a plurality of the above-mentioned micro devices. The micro devices are disposed and are correspondingly electrically connected to the first pads and the second pads of circuit substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for recommending federated learning based on recognition model tendency analysis. The method for recommending federated learning based on recognition model tendency analysis in a server device may include analyzing the tendency of a recognition model trained using reinforcement learning by each of multiple user terminals, grouping the multiple user terminals according to the tendency of the recognition model, and transmitting federated-learning group information including information about other user terminals grouped together with at least one of the multiple user terminals.

Abstract: A battery management system of a vehicle includes a first controller configured to control a power-on (IG ON) state and a power-off (IG OFF) state of the plurality of controllers, and a second controller including a real time clock (RTC) and configured to be woken up by directly receiving power from the secondary battery in every preset time period during a preset time calculated based on a count value provided from the RTC when a power-off state is started by the first controller and to monitor states of the main battery and the secondary battery.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a housing that forms a rear surface of the electronic device and at least a portion of a side surface of the electronic device, a display that forms a portion of a front surface of the electronic device, a flexible layer extended from the display, the flexible layer including: a bent portion, and a planar portion extended from the bent portion and disposed between the display and the rear surface of the housing, the planar portion including a first surface facing the display and a second surface facing the rear surface, a display driver integrated circuit (DDIC) mounted on the first surface of the planar portion of the flexible layer, the DDIC electrically connected to the display, and a flexible printed circuit board connected with the flexible layer on the second surface of the planar portion of the flexible layer.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic device including a communication unit configured to receive data from a server, a display unit configured to display a first video obtained by photographing a plurality of objects having cameras mounted thereon, or second videos obtained by the objects, an input unit configured to receive a user input, and a controller configured to display the first video on the display unit, receive a user input for selecting at least one of the plurality of objects included in the first video, through the input unit, and control the display unit to display a second video obtained by the selected object, on a part or entirety of the display unit based on the user input.

Abstract: A multi-row ultrasonic imaging apparatus and an ultrasonic imaging instrument are disclosed. The multi-row ultrasonic imaging apparatus includes a housing, and a first ultrasonic transducer, a second ultrasonic transducer, and an adjustment mechanism that are installed in the housing. Ultrasonic waves emitted by the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer can intersect to form a confocal point. At least one of the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer is connected to the adjustment mechanism to move relative to the housing under the action of the adjustment mechanism, so as to adjust the position of the confocal point.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plating hanger device having a shock-absorbing structure and, more specifically, to a plating hanger device having a shock-absorbing structure, the device allowing a hanger to be transferred at a uniform speed and reducing noise and shock, which are generated during transferring, so as to enable a uniform plated layer to be formed on a substrate. According to the plating hanger device having the shock-absorbing structure, of the present invention, an elastic spring is pressed by the load of the plating hanger device and a jig, and sequentially, the elastic spring presses a connection shaft and the connection shaft presses a transfer housing so as to improve adhesion between the transfer housing and a driving gear, thereby enabling transferring at uniform speed, and reducing the noise and shock generated during transferring by means of the elastic spring.

Abstract: A heat exchanger including: an inlet portion having a first flow path through which a fluid is introduced; a main body including a shell and a plurality of tubes. The shell has an internal space and one surface that has a plurality of penetration holes and a cross-sectional area larger than a cross-sectional area of the first flow path. Each of the plurality of tubes allows the fluid to flow therethrough, and is positioned in the internal space of the shell. An expanded tube portion connects the inlet portion and the one surface of the shell and has a second flow path. The heat exchanger also includes a fluid flow distributor disposed in the second flow path to distribute the flow of the fluid. No other member is disposed between the inlet portion and the multiple ring members.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for evaluating a human motion using a mobile robot. The method may include identifying the exercise motion of a user by analyzing an image of the entire body of the user captured using a camera installed in the mobile robot, evaluating the pose of the user by comparing the standard pose of the identified exercise motion with images of the entire body of the user captured by the camera of the mobile robot from two or more target locations, and comprehensively evaluating the exercise motion of the user based on the pose evaluation information of the user from each of the two or more target locations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer coagulant including methacrylamide in a preferred range and an enlarged graft copolymer prepared using same. The polymer coagulant provided in the present invention may enlarge a conjugated diene-based polymer to a suitable particle diameter range, and there are advantages of achieving excellent impact resistance and flowability of a graft copolymer prepared from the polymer.

Abstract: A memory device includes: a memory cell region; a peripheral circuit region; a memory cell array; a control logic circuit; and a row decoder. The row decoder is configured to activate string selection lines based on control of the control logic circuit. A program interval is formed between a first program operation and a second program operation. The control logic circuit includes a reprogram controller configured to control the row decoder so that a program interval differs in the memory cells connected to different string selection lines among the memory cells connected to a first wordline.

Abstract: A protection device comprises a substrate, a fusible element and a heating element. The substrate comprises a first electrode and a second electrode on its surface. The fusible element is disposed on the substrate and connects to the first electrode and the second electrode at two ends. The fusible element comprises a first metal layer and a second metal layer disposed on the first metal layer. The second metal layer has a lower melting point than that of the first metal layer. The heating element is disposed on the substrate. In the event of over-voltage or over-temperature, the heating element heats up to melt and blow the fusible element. The second metal layer is 40-95% of the fusible element in thickness.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image processing apparatus. The present image processing apparatus comprises: an input unit for inputting an image; and a processor for shrinking the inputted image to a predetermined ratio, extracting a visual feature from the shrunken image, performing an image quality enhancement process reflecting the extracted visual feature in the inputted image, repeatedly performing, for a predetermined number of times, the shrinking, the extracting, and the image quality enhancement process on the image that has undergone the image quality enhancement process. The present disclosure relates to an artificial intelligence (AI) system and an application thereof that simulate the functions of a human brain, such as recognition, judgment, etc., by using a machine learning algorithm such as deep learning, etc.

Abstract: A semiconductor package of a pin-grid-array type includes a bump pad on a first substrate, a metal socket on a second substrate, a core material for reverse reflow on the bump pad, and solder paste or a solder bump forming a solder layer on the core material for reverse reflow. The solder paste or the solder bump is in contact with the bump pad. The core material for reverse reflow and the solder paste or the solder bump bonded to the core material for reverse reflow are used as a pin and detachably attached to the metal socket. The core material for reverse reflow includes a core, a first metal layer directly coated on the core, and a second metal layer directly coated on the first metal layer.

Abstract: A memory module includes a memory device configured to receive a first refresh command from a host, and perform a refresh operation in response to the first refresh command during a refresh time, and a computing unit configured to detect the first refresh command provided from the host to the memory device, and write a first error pattern at a first address of the memory device during the refresh time.

Abstract: An integrated circuit including first and second macroblocks arranged in a first direction, and a plurality of cells between the first macroblock and the second macroblock, the plurality of cells including at least one first ending cell adjacent to the first macroblock and having a first width in the first direction, at least one second ending cell adjacent to the second macroblock and having a second width different from the first width in the first direction, and at least one standard cell between the at least one first ending cell and the at least one second ending cell may be provided.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic device including a communication unit configured to receive data from a server, a display unit configured to display a first video obtained by photographing a plurality of objects having cameras mounted thereon, or second videos obtained by the objects, an input unit configured to receive a user input, and a controller configured to display the first video on the display unit, receive a user input for selecting at least one of the plurality of objects included in the first video, through the input unit, and control the display unit to display a second video obtained by the selected object, on a part or entirety of the display unit based on the user input.