Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing a substrate can reduce the concentration of process by-products in a chemical solution.

Abstract: A method of a first terminal may include: identifying first RB set(s) to be used for SL communication among consecutive RB sets through an LBT procedure; identifying a first subchannel group included in the first RB set(s) and a second subchannel group including a first PRB in the first RB set(s), the first PRB being not included in the first subchannel group; configuring the first PRB within the second subchannel group as an SL communication resource; and transmitting, to a second terminal, control information indicating that the first PRB is configured as the SL communication resource.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of providing hair loss state information, the method comprising: obtaining a head image of a user; extracting a plurality of feature points from the head image, wherein the plurality of feature points include a first group of feature points and a second group of feature points; extracting a plurality of boundary points corresponding to boundaries of a hair and a forehead of the user from the head image; selecting a matching boundary point corresponding to the first group of feature points from among the plurality of boundary points; obtaining a top-face portion calculation value determined based on a distance between the first group of feature points and a matching boundary point corresponding to the first group of feature points with respect to a first axis on the head image; obtaining a middle-bottom-face portion calculation value determined based on a distance between the first group of feature points and the second group of featu