Abstract: A composition of plant ingredients and a composition of herbs are introduced. The composition of plant ingredients and the composition of herbs respectively include Camellia, lotus seedpod of Nelumbo nucifera, Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, Glechoma hederacea and Angelica keiskei. The composition of plant ingredients and the composition of herbs can inhibit coronavirus infection in host cells.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions for real-time monitoring cellular calcium ion dynamics by red-shifted genetically encoded indicators under optogenetic control, in which millisecond-timescale of temporal control of optical activation or inactivation and signal recording can be achieved. The methods include artifact-free functional imaging in conjunction with optogenetic tools for studying cellular physiology, signal transduction and neuronal activity. Thus, all-optical and non-invasive approaches for drug screening, toxicity testing and assessment of cell functions may be provided.