Abstract: An optical measurement method comprises a holding step, a measurement step, and a first application step. In the holding step, a specimen solution containing a specimen and the magnetic particles is held in a specific magnetic field state, in which a magnetic field not lower than a first magnetic field for moving magnetic particles closer to a substrate is not applied, on the substrate or in a storage container different from the substrate. In the measurement step, an elapsed time from a start reference time of the specific magnetic field state is measured. In the first application step, after the elapsed time reaches a predetermined time, the first magnetic field is applied, for a first application time, by a magnet, to the specimen solution introduced to the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic particle having high magnetic field responsiveness in detection of a substance to be measured, such as an antigen or an antibody, from a specimen. The magnetic particle includes a magnetic core particle and a polymer layer arranged on a surface of the magnetic core particle. The magnetic core particle contains an aggregation of a plurality of magnetic nanoparticles. The polymer layer contains a polymer having at least one kind of functional group selected from the group consisting of: a carboxyl group; an amino group; a thiol group; an epoxy group; a maleimide group; and a succinimidyl group.

Abstract: A sodium niobate-barium titanate-based coating liquid composition including: (a) a sol-gel raw material containing (i) a niobium component, such as a niobium alkoxide, (ii) a sodium component, such as a sodium alkoxide, (iii) a titanium component, such as a titanium alkoxide, and (iv) a barium component, such as a barium alkoxide; and (b) a compound including at least one kind selected from the group consisting of a ?-ketoester compound and a ?-diketone compound represented by the following formula (1): where R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 or more to 6 or less carbon atoms.

Abstract: The particle is a particle including, in a surface layer thereof, a copolymer having a repeating unit A having a side chain A having, at a terminal thereof, a carboxy group to be bonded to a ligand and a repeating unit B having a side chain B having a hydroxy group at a terminal thereof, wherein when the particle is dispersed in ion-exchanged water, the surface layer of the particle is hydrated to form a swollen layer, wherein the density of the carboxy groups to be incorporated into the swollen layer satisfies a value of from 0.04 group/nm3 to 0.15 group/nm3, and wherein the ratio of a particle diameter in water to be measured when the particle is dispersed in ion-exchanged water to a dry particle diameter to be measured when the particle is dried satisfies a value of from 1.10 to 1.40.

Abstract: Provided is a coating liquid for forming a piezoelectric thin film containing lead zirconate titanate, the coating liquid including a complex precursor containing at least three kinds of metal elements of Pb, Ti, and Zr, the coating liquid being free from an exothermic peak at a temperature of 450° C. or more, or having a heat generation amount at a temperature of from 400° C. to 450° C., which is larger than a heat generation amount at a temperature of from 450° C. to 500° C., in differential thermal analysis of the coating liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a piezoelectric substrate, the method including: forming an intermediate layer of Ti and a lower electrode of Pt oriented in a (111) axis direction on a substrate without heating the substrate; applying a coating liquid for forming an orientation control layer made of lead titanate onto the lower electrode; drying the coating liquid at a predetermined temperature to form an orientation control layer precursor made of lead titanate; applying a coating liquid for forming a piezoelectric thin film made of lead zirconate titanate; drying the coating liquid at a predetermined temperature to form a piezoelectric precursor made of a lead zirconate titanate precursor; and collectively firing the orientation control layer precursor and the piezoelectric precursor to crystallize both the precursors, to thereby form a piezoelectric thin film made of lead zirconate titanate preferentially oriented in a (110) plane.

Abstract: A sodium niobate-barium titanate-based coating liquid composition including: (a) a sol-gel raw material containing (i) a niobium component, such as a niobium alkoxide, (ii) a sodium component, such as a sodium alkoxide, (iii) a titanium component, such as a titanium alkoxide, and (iv) a barium component, such as a barium alkoxide; and (b) a compound including at least one kind selected from the group consisting of a ?-ketoester compound and a ?-diketone compound represented by the following formula (1): where R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 or more to 6 or less carbon atoms.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator has a ground substrate layer, an intermediate layer containing at least one of Ti and TiO2 on the ground substrate layer, an electrode layer containing Pt on the intermediate layer, and a piezoelectric layer containing lead zirconate titanate on the electrode layer, in which the lead zirconate titanate contained in the piezoelectric layer is preferentially oriented in the (100), (001), or (110) direction, the Pt contained in the electrode layer is preferentially oriented in the (111) direction, and the half width of the rocking curve in the (111) plane of the Pt contained in the electrode layer in X-ray diffraction is 1° or more.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element has a first piezoelectric layer, a second piezoelectric layer on the first piezoelectric layer, and an electrode layer on the second piezoelectric layer, in which the first piezoelectric layer and the second piezoelectric layer have pores, and the porosity of the second piezoelectric layer is lower than the porosity near the interface on the second piezoelectric layer side of the first piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator has a ground substrate layer, an intermediate layer containing at least one of Ti and TiO2 on the ground substrate layer, an electrode layer containing Pt on the intermediate layer, and a piezoelectric layer containing lead zirconate titanate on the electrode layer, in which the lead zirconate titanate contained in the piezoelectric layer is preferentially oriented in the (100), (001), or (110) direction, the Pt contained in the electrode layer is preferentially oriented in the (111) direction, and the half width of the rocking curve in the (111) plane of the Pt contained in the electrode layer in X-ray diffraction is 1° or more.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device is provided that is driven with a low voltage and has a high luminous efficiency and a long device lifetime. The organic light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, a light-emitting layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, and an organic compound layer disposed between the cathode and the light-emitting layer and being in contact with the cathode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a piezoelectric substrate, the method including: forming an intermediate layer of Ti and a lower electrode of Pt oriented in a (111) axis direction on a substrate without heating the substrate; applying a coating liquid for forming an orientation control layer made of lead titanate onto the lower electrode; drying the coating liquid at a predetermined temperature to form an orientation control layer precursor made of lead titanate; applying a coating liquid for forming a piezoelectric thin film made of lead zirconate titanate; drying the coating liquid at a predetermined temperature to form a piezoelectric precursor made of a lead zirconate titanate precursor; and collectively firing the orientation control layer precursor and the piezoelectric precursor to crystallize both the precursors, to thereby form a piezoelectric thin film made of lead zirconate titanate preferentially oriented in a (110) plane.

Abstract: Provided is a coating liquid for forming a piezoelectric thin film containing lead zirconate titanate, the coating liquid including a complex precursor containing at least three kinds of metal elements of Pb, Ti, and Zr, the coating liquid being free from an exothermic peak at a temperature of 450° C. or more, or having a heat generation amount at a temperature of from 400° C. to 450° C., which is larger than a heat generation amount at a temperature of from 450° C. to 500° C., in differential thermal analysis of the coating liquid.

Abstract: Provided is an organic light emitting device with enhanced durability during continuous driving. The organic light emitting device includes: an anode, a cathode, and an organic compound layer being placed between the anode and the cathode and including at least a hole transport layer and an emission layer, in which: the emission layer contains a blue light emitting material; the hole transport layer contains a plurality of kinds of organic compounds; and an organic compound having the smallest ionization potential among the organic compounds includes a compound having no absorption spectrum peak in a blue color wavelength region in a radical cation state.

Abstract: A substrate for piezoelectric body formation has a base substrate layer containing at least SiO2 or SiN in the surface, an intermediate layer containing at least one of Ti and TiO2 on the base substrate layer, and an electrode layer containing Pt on the intermediate layer, in which the film thickness of the electrode layer is 40 nm or more and 1000 nm or less and Ti is not detected in the surface of the electrode layer by an elemental quantitative analysis method.

Abstract: Provided is an organic light emitting device with enhanced durability during continuous driving. The organic light emitting device includes: an anode, a cathode, and an organic compound layer being placed between the anode and the cathode and including at least a hole transport layer and an emission layer, in which: the emission layer contains a blue light emitting material; the hole transport layer contains a plurality of kinds of organic compounds; and an organic compound having the smallest ionization potential among the organic compounds includes a compound having no absorption spectrum peak in a blue color wavelength region in a radical cation state.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention provide a blue organic light-emitting device having a continuous operation lifetime. An organic light-emitting device includes a light-emitting layer containing a dopant having the ability to trap electrons or holes, and a hole-blocking layer or electron-blocking layer, in which the difference between the LUMO of the dopant and the LUMO of a host material, the size relationship between the HOMO of the host material and the HOMO of the dopant, and the difference between the T1 of the host material and the T1 of the hole-blocking layer or between the T1 of the host material and the T1 of the electron-blocking layer, are specified.

Abstract: Provided is an organic light emitting device with enhanced durability during continuous driving. The organic light emitting device includes: an anode, a cathode, and an organic compound layer being placed between the anode and the cathode and including at least a hole transport layer and an emission layer, in which: the emission layer contains a blue light emitting material; the hole transport layer contains a plurality of kinds of organic compounds; and an organic compound having the smallest ionization potential among the organic compounds includes a compound having no absorption spectrum peak in a blue color wavelength region in a radical cation state.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device is provided that is driven with a low voltage and has a high luminous efficiency and a long device lifetime. The organic light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, a light-emitting layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, and an organic compound layer disposed between the cathode and the light-emitting layer and being in contact with the cathode.

Abstract: A novel fluorenylamine compound represented by a general formula below, where R1 to R6 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom and alkyl groups; R21 to R23 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom and the alkyl groups; and the alkyl groups are a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, a n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, and a tert-butyl group.